The pressure in the cylinder of amotor cycle engine is 600000Pa. This acts on apiston with an area of o. Oo3m2. What is the force on the piston in newton?

It is equivalent to approximately 60.5 million days, or 165,850 years. The distance to Proxima Centauri is 4.3 light-years, which is equivalent to 4.068 x [tex]10^{13}[/tex] km.

To calculate how long it would take to travel that distance at a speed of 28,000 km/hr, we can divide the distance by the speed: 4.068 x [tex]10^{13}[/tex] km ÷ 28,000 km/hr = 1.452 x [tex]10^{9}[/tex] hours

That is equivalent to approximately 60.5 million days, or 165,850 years.

Therefore, it is currently not possible to travel to Proxima Centauri with the technology available to us. We would need to develop much faster spacecraft and propulsion systems to make interstellar travel feasible.

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A copper wire was measured to be 50.0m long with an uncertainty of 1cm and had a thickness of 1.00mm measured with a micrometer screw gauge. The volume of copper used was [tex]3.93 \times 10^{-5}\; m^3[/tex] with an uncertainty of [tex]\pm 7.85 \times 10^{-9} m^3[/tex].

The volume of copper used can be calculated by multiplying the length, cross-sectional area, and density of copper. The length is given as 50.0 m with an uncertainty of [tex]\pm 0.01[/tex]m, and the thickness of the wire is given as 1.00 mm, which is equivalent to 0.001 m.

The cross-sectional area of the wire can be calculated using the formula for the area of a circle, which is πr², where r is the radius of the wire.

The radius of the wire can be calculated by dividing its thickness by 2, giving a value of 0.0005 m. Therefore, the cross-sectional area is [tex]\pi (0.0005)^2 = 7.85 \times 10^{-7} m^2[/tex]. The density of copper is 8.96 g/cm³, which is equivalent to [tex]8.96 \times 10^3 \;kg/m^3[/tex].

Using the formula V = L x A, where V is the volume of copper, L is the length of the wire, and A is the cross-sectional area, we get:

[tex]V = (50.0 \pm 0.01 m) \times (7.85 \times 10^{-7} m^2)[/tex]

[tex]V = 3.93 \times 10^{-5} m^3 \pm 7.85 \times 10^{-9} m^3[/tex]

To account for the uncertainties in the measurements, we used significant figures and error propagation rules. The uncertainty in the volume was calculated using the formula for the multiplication of quantities with uncertainties.

In summary, the volume of copper used was found to be [tex]3.93 \times 10^{-5}\; m^3[/tex] with an uncertainty of [tex]\pm 7.85 \times 10^{-9} m^3[/tex].

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Vibration of an object about an equilibrium point is called simple harmonic motion when the restoring force is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium point and is directed towards the equilibrium point.

This is known as Hooke's Law, which states that the force exerted by a spring is directly proportional to the displacement of the spring from its equilibrium position.

Mathematically, this can be expressed as F = -kx, where F is the restoring force, x is the displacement from the equilibrium point, and k is the spring constant, a measure of the stiffness of the spring.

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The Andromeda Galaxy distance is approximately 2.52 million light-years away from us.

The Andromeda Galaxy (M31) is indeed similar to our own Milky Way galaxy, but slightly larger with a linear diameter of 140,000 light-years along its longest axis. To determine its distance from us, we can use the angular diameter, which is 3.18°.

We can use the small-angle formula to find the distance. This formula relates the angular diameter (in radians), the actual diameter, and the distance between the observer and the object:

angular diameter (radians) ≈ actual diameter / distance

First, we need to convert the angular diameter from degrees to radians:

3.18° * (π radians / 180°) ≈ 0.0555 radians

Now, plug in the values into the small-angle formula:

0.0555 radians ≈ 140,000 light-years / distance

To solve for the distance, divide both sides of the equation by 0.0555 radians:

distance ≈ 140,000 light-years / 0.0555 radians
distance ≈ 2,522,522 light-years

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The frequency of the wave produced by oscillating one end of the rope up and down 2.0 times a second is also 2.0 Hz (Hertz).

Frequency is defined as the number of oscillations or cycles that a wave completes in one second. In this case, each oscillation of the rope creates one complete cycle of the wave.

Therefore, if the rope is oscillating 2.0 times per second, it is completing 2.0 cycles of the wave each second, which is equivalent to a frequency of 2.0 Hz.

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A fission reaction requires three main components to be sustainable: a sufficient amount of fissile material, a moderator to control the reaction, and a method of removing heat generated during the reaction.

1. Fissile material: To sustain a fission reaction, there needs to be a sufficient amount of fissile material, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239. These materials have nuclei that are more likely to split when struck by a neutron, releasing energy and more neutrons in the process.

The critical mass is the minimum amount of fissile material required to maintain a self-sustained chain reaction.

2. Moderator: A moderator is a substance that slows down the neutrons released during fission. This is crucial for sustaining the reaction, as slower neutrons are more likely to be captured by fissile material and induce further fission events. Common moderators include water, heavy water, and graphite.

3. Heat removal: During a fission reaction, a large amount of heat is generated due to the release of energy. In order to maintain a sustainable reaction, it's necessary to remove this heat, typically by transferring it to a coolant, such as water or gas.

The coolant circulates through the reactor core, absorbing heat, and then transfers the heat to a heat exchanger or directly to a steam generator for power production.

In summary, a sustainable fission reaction requires a sufficient amount of fissile material to maintain a chain reaction, a moderator to control the reaction by slowing down neutrons, and an effective method of removing heat generated during the reaction.

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The cyclist's power output must be equal to 784 N x speed. To climb the same hill at the same speed, the cyclist's power output must be equal to the gravitational force acting on the system (bicycle plus rider) multiplied by the speed at which they are moving.

The gravitational force can be calculated using the formula F = mg, where m is the total mass of the system (80 kg) and g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]). Therefore, the gravitational force acting on the system is 784 N (80 kg x 9.8 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]).

Assuming that the speed at which they are moving is constant, the power output required by the cyclist can be calculated using the formula P = F x v, where P is power, F is force, and v is velocity (speed). Therefore, the cyclist's power output must be equal to 784 N x speed.

For example, if the speed is 5 m/s, then the power output required by the cyclist would be 3920 watts (784 N x 5 m/s). However, it's important to note that this is a theoretical calculation and in reality, the power output required may be different due to factors such as air resistance, friction, and the gradient of the hill.

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The momentum of an object is directly proportional to its mass and velocity. Therefore, the momentum of the larger truck can be calculated as follows:

Momentum of larger truck = (2 x mass of smaller truck) x (1/2 x velocity of smaller truck)

Momentum of larger truck = (2 x m) x (0.5 x 20)

Momentum of larger truck = m x 20

This shows that the momentum of the larger truck is equal to the momentum of the smaller truck, as the increased mass is balanced by the decreased velocity.

In other words, the momentum of an object depends on both its mass and velocity, and changes in one factor can be compensated by changes in the other factor to maintain the same momentum.

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The combined mass of the package and the sled can be found to be 62.4 kg.

We can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the net force acting on an object is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration (F net = ma), to solve this problem.

F net = ma

46.8 N = (m sled + m package) × 0.75 m/s²

To find the combined mass of the sled and package, we need to add their individual masses together. Therefore, we can rewrite the equation as:

46.8 N = (m sled + m package) × 0.75 m/s²

46.8 N / 0.75 m/s² = m sled + m package

62.4 kg = m sled + m package

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Horticulture is a field that greatly benefits from specialized technology. This is because the uniformity of crops in horticulture allows for machines that are tightly focused on specific tasks.

These machines are designed to perform specialized functions such as planting, pruning, and harvesting. This specialized equipment ensures that the crops are tended to with precision and care, which results in higher yields and better quality produce.

In contrast, unspecialized machines that can be adapted for multiple tasks may not perform as well in horticulture because they lack the precision and efficiency required for these specialized tasks.

So, in horticulture, specialized technology works well because it allows for precise and efficient handling of crops, which ultimately leads to better yields and higher-quality produce.

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The net force on particle q1 is approximately 17.12 N to the right.

To calculate the net force on particle q1, we'll use Coulomb's Law: F = k * |q1 * q2| / r^2, where F is the force between two charges, k is the Coulomb's constant (8.99 * 10^9 N m^2/C^2), q1 and q2 are the magnitudes of the charges, and r is the distance between them.

First, we'll find the force between q1 and q2 (F12):
F12 = (8.99 * 10^9 N m^2/C^2) * (8.0 * 10^-6 C) * (3.5 * 10^-6 C) / (0.10 m)^2
F12 = 19.996 N (right)

Next, we'll find the force between q1 and q3 (F13):
F13 = (8.99 * 10^9 N m^2/C^2) * (8.0 * 10^-6 C) * (2.5 * 10^-6 C) / (0.25 m)^2
F13 = 2.8792 N (left)

Now, we'll calculate the net force on q1 (F_net) by subtracting the left force from the right force:
F_net = F12 - F13
F_net = 19.996 N - 2.8792 N
F_net = 17.1168 N (right)

So, the net force on particle q1 is approximately 17.12 N to the right.

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The magnitude of the force that a magnetic field exerts on a charged particle is given by the equation:

F = qvB sin(theta)

where q is the charge of the particle, v is its velocity, B is the magnetic field strength, and theta is the angle between the velocity vector and the magnetic field vector.

In this case, the proton has a positive charge of +1.6 x 10^-19 C, and it is moving eastward with a velocity of 5.0 km/s. The magnetic field is pointing northward with a strength of 0.20 T.

The angle between the velocity vector and the magnetic field vector is 90 degrees, since the velocity is eastward and the magnetic field is northward.

Plugging these values into the equation, we get:

F = (1.6 x 10^-19 C)(5.0 x 10^3 m/s)(0.20 T) sin(90)

F = 1.6 x 10^-19 N

So the magnitude of the force that the magnetic field exerts on the proton is 1.6 x 10^-19 N.

The direction of the force can be determined using the right-hand rule. If you point your right thumb in the direction of the proton's velocity (eastward), and your fingers in the direction of the magnetic field (northward), then the direction of the force vector is perpendicular to both, pointing downward. Therefore, the direction of the force on the proton is southward.

The Actual Mechanical Advantage (AMA) is the ratio of the output force to the input force and can be calculated by dividing the output force (320 N) by the input force (90 N). This gives an AMA of 3.556.

Force is an external influence that causes an object to move, stop, accelerate, or change direction. It is expressed in a variety of ways, such as the push of a hand, the pull of gravity, or a blast of air. It can also be expressed in terms of energy, such as sound waves, radiation, or electrical current. Force is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. This means that when two forces act on an object, the result is the sum of the forces acting in the same direction, and the difference of the forces acting in opposite directions.

a) The Actual Mechanical Advantage (AMA) is the ratio of the output force to the input force and can be calculated by dividing the output force (320 N) by the input force (90 N). This gives an AMA of 3.556.

b) The Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) is the ratio of the output distance to the input distance and can be calculated by dividing the output distance (2.9 m) by the input distance (8.2 m). This gives an IMA of 0.353.

c) The efficiency of the block-and-tackle can be calculated by dividing the AMA by the IMA and multiplying by 100. This gives an efficiency of 100 x 3.556/0.353 = 1008.8%. This means that the block-and-tackle is able to convert 1008.8% of the input force into output force.

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The smallest cross-sectional area of the copper cable that could be used is approximately 1.54 x 10^-6 square meters.

To calculate the smallest cross-sectional area of the copper cable that could be used, we need to apply Ohm's law and the formula for resistivity.

Ohm's law states that resistance (R) equals resistivity (ρ) multiplied by the length (L) of the conductor, divided by the cross-sectional area (A). In this case, we have:

R = ρ * L / A

We are given the maximum allowable resistance (R) per meter, which is 0.01 ohms/meter, and the resistivity of copper (ρ) as 1.54 x 10^-8 ohm-meter. Since we're considering resistance per meter, the length (L) is 1 meter. We need to find the smallest cross-sectional area (A) that satisfies these conditions.

0.01 ohm = (1.54 x 10^-8 ohm-meter) * 1 meter / A

To find A, we can rearrange the formula:

A = (1.54 x 10^-8 ohm-meter) * 1 meter / 0.01 ohm

A ≈ 1.54 x 10^-6 square meters

So, the smallest cross-sectional area of the copper cable that could be used is approximately 1.54 x 10^-6 square meters.

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The initial current is 2A, resistance is 2Ω, and inductance is 0.008H. The time for current decay to 1A is found to be around 2.1ms using the natural logarithm.

The current in an LR circuit can be modeled by the equation:

[tex]I(t) = I0e^{(-Rt/L)}[/tex]

where I(t) is the current at time t, I0 is the initial current, R is the resistance, L is the inductance, and e is the mathematical constant e.

We are given that the initial current is 2.0 A, the resistance is 2 Ω, and the inductance is 8.0 mH (or 0.008 H). We want to find the time it takes for the current to decay to 1.0 A.

Substituting the given values into the equation, we get:

[tex]1.0 A = 2.0 A \times e^{(-2\Omega t/0.008H)}[/tex]

Simplifying, we can divide both sides by 2.0 A and take the natural logarithm of both sides:

[tex]ln(0.5) = -2\Omega t/0.008H[/tex]

Solving for t, we get:

[tex]t = -0.008H \times ln(0.5) / 2\Omega[/tex]

Plugging in the given values, we get:

[tex]t \approx 0.0021 s[/tex] or 2.1 ms

Therefore, it will take approximately 2.1 ms for the current to decay to 1.0 A.

In an LR circuit, the inductor resists changes in current, so when the switch is thrown and the current starts to decay, the inductor generates a back EMF that opposes the change in current. This causes the current to decay exponentially over time, as described by the above equation.

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Based on the weather bulletin provided for Typhoon Rolly (GONI), the speed of the typhoon winds is 165 km/h with gustiness up to 230 km/h.

The velocity of the typhoon, which takes into account both the speed and direction, is moving westward at 25 km/h.

The main difference between speed and velocity is that speed only considers the magnitude of motion, while velocity includes both the magnitude and direction of motion.

Knowing the velocity of the typhoon is important in determining the weather forecast for the next hours, as it helps predict the movement and potential impact of the typhoon on specific areas.

This information can help authorities and individuals prepare and respond accordingly to ensure safety and minimize damages.

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The TOTAL number of bright fringes that will show up on the screen is B) 5.

To answer this question, we need to use the following terms: wavelength, diffraction grating, lines/cm, and bright fringes.

Step 1: Convert the given data into meters
Wavelength (λ) = 514 nm = 514 * 10^(-9) m
Lines per cm (n) = 3952 lines/cm = 3952 * 10^2 lines/m (since 1 cm = 0.01 m)

Step 2: Calculate the grating spacing (d)
d = 1 / n = 1 / (3952 * 10^2) m

Step 3: Calculate the maximum order (m) using the grating equation
sin(90°) = m * λ / d

Since sin(90°) = 1,
m = d / λ

Step 4: Plug in the values and solve for m
m = (1 / (3952 * 10^2)) / (514 * 10^(-9))

m ≈ 2.09

Since m must be an integer, the maximum order is m = 2.

Step 5: Count the total number of bright fringes
For each order, there are 2 bright fringes (one on each side of the central spot), and one central spot (m = 0). Thus, the total number of bright fringes is:

Total bright fringes = 2 * (number of orders) + 1
Total bright fringes = 2 * (2) + 1
Total bright fringes = 5

So, the correct answer is B) 5.

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The marble-jar experiment is a classic demonstration of Newton's Law of Inertia. The experiment consists of a jar filled with marbles and a card covering the jar's opening.

When the jar is inverted quickly, the card falls, and the marbles remain in place.

According to Newton's Law of Inertia, an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue to move in a straight line at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force.

In this experiment, the marbles' inertia keeps them in place when the jar is inverted, while the card falls due to the external force of gravity.

This experiment provides a simple and tangible way to understand Newton's Law of Inertia.

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Answer: yes

Explanation: good luck

The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the other planet is approximately 77.98 m/s².

To find the acceleration due to gravity on another planet, we can use the formula:

Weight = Mass × Acceleration due to gravity

On Earth, your weight is given as 742.32 N, and the acceleration due to gravity is 9.80 m/s².

We can rearrange the formula to solve for mass:

Mass = Weight / Acceleration due to gravity

So, on Earth, your mass would be:

Mass on Earth = 742.32 N / 9.80 m/s²

Mass on Earth = 75.63 kg

Now, let's consider the surface of another planet where your weight is given as 5900.91 N.

We'll use the same formula and solve for the acceleration due to gravity on that planet:

5900.91 N = Mass × Acceleration due to gravity on the other planet

Substituting the value of mass we calculated earlier:

5900.91 N = 75.63 kg × Acceleration due to gravity on the other planet

Now, we can solve for the acceleration due to gravity on the other planet:

Acceleration due to gravity on the other planet = 5900.91 N / 75.63 kg

Acceleration due to gravity on the other planet ≈ 77.98 m/s²

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The weight of an object with a mass of 50 kg on Earth's surface is 490.5 N (Newtons).

To calculate the weight of an object on Earth's surface, we need to consider the mass of the object and the force of gravity (g). In this case, the mass is given as 50 kg, and the force of gravity is assumed to be 9.81 m/s².

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Start with the mass of the object (m) which is given as 50 kg.
2. Next, take the force of gravity (g) as 9.81 m/s² (as provided).
3. Now, we need to use the weight formula, which is:
Weight (W) = mass (m) × force of gravity (g)

4. Substitute the values of mass and force of gravity in the formula:
W = 50 kg × 9.81 m/s²

5. Perform the multiplication:
W = 490.5 N

So, the weight of the object sitting on Earth's surface with a mass of 50 kg is 490.5 Newtons.

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Tasting water to identify which cup contains salty water or fresh water may not be reliable, as taste can be subjective and some individuals may have a weaker sense of taste.

Another approach is to use a conductivity meter or a multimeter with conductivity measurement capabilities to test the water in each cup. Salty water has a higher conductivity than fresh water due to the presence of ions, so the cup with higher conductivity would contain the salty water.

A third approach is to use a refractometer to measure the refractive index of the water. Salty water has a higher refractive index than fresh water due to the presence of dissolved salts, so the cup with a higher refractive index would contain the salty water.

In summary, to determine which cup contains salty water and which contains fresh water, one can use taste, a conductivity meter, a multimeter with conductivity measurement capabilities, or a refractometer.

Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of method depends on factors such as the resources available and the specific characteristics of the water being tested.

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The expression that correctly ranks the magnitudes of the forces exerted by the rod on the ball is C, F4 > F1 > (F2 = F3).

At location 4, the force exerted by the rod on the ball is equal to the weight of the ball plus the centripetal force required to keep the ball moving in a circle. At locations 1 and 2, the force exerted by the rod on the ball is equal to the weight of the ball minus the centripetal force.

At location 3, the force exerted by the rod on the ball is equal to the weight of the ball because there is no centripetal force required at the highest point of the circle. Therefore, the ranking of the forces is F4 > F1 > (F2 = F3).

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The new process will cause the demand for book printing services to increase, and this will cause the price of book printing services to fall.

The long-run equilibrium will shift to a new equilibrium, where the new cost structure will be reflected in the price of book printing services. The new process will result in lower prices and higher demand for book printing services, leading to an increase in the number of firms in the book printing industry, as well as an increase in the size of the market.

The cost savings due to the new process will be passed on to consumers, resulting in lower prices for books. This will benefit both the book printing companies as well as the consumers.

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A small car weighing 2,205 pounds and traveling at 60 mph crashes into a steel pole and stops in 0.05 seconds. The force of the impact is calculated to be -53,600 N.

To calculate the force of a car that crashes into a steel pole, we need to use the formula F = m*a, where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.

To find the acceleration, we can use the formula[tex]a = (v_f - v_i) / t[/tex], where  [tex]v_f[/tex] is the final velocity, [tex]v_i[/tex] is the initial velocity, and t is the time it takes to stop.

First, we need to convert the weight of the car from pounds to mass in kilograms, which is 1000 kg. Then, we need to convert the speed from miles per hour to meters per second, which is 26.8 m/s.

Using the formula a = (0 - 26.8) / 0.05, we get an acceleration of -536 m/s². Finally, we can use the formula F = m*a to find the force, which is -53,600 N.

The negative sign indicates that the force is in the opposite direction of the car's motion, meaning the car experiences a deceleration force. The force is very high due to the short stopping time, which can cause severe damage to the car and its occupants.

In summary, the force of a car crashing into a steel pole and coming to a stop in 0.05 seconds can be calculated using the formula F = m*a. Converting the weight to mass and the speed to meters per second, we can find the acceleration and use it to calculate the force.

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The true velocity of the wind is approximately 43.10 km/h.

To find the true velocity of the wind when a motorcyclist is traveling due north at 50 km/h, and the wind appears to come from the northwest at 60 km/h, we can use vector addition.

Step 1: Break the wind's apparent velocity into its north and west components. Since the wind is coming from the northwest, the north and west components will be equal.

Using the Pythagorean theorem (a² + b² = c²) to find the components:

North component:

a = 60 * cos(45°)

  = 60 * 0.707

   = 42.43 km/h

West component:

b = 60 * sin(45°)

  = 60 * 0.707

  = 42.43 km/h

Step 2: Subtract the motorcyclist's northward velocity from the north component of the wind's apparent velocity:

True north component of the wind:

42.43 - 50 = -7.57 km/h (southward)

Step 3: Combine the true north and west components of the wind's velocity using the Pythagorean theorem:

True wind velocity = √((-7.57)² + (42.43)²)

                               = √(57.36 + 1800.06)

                                = √1857.42

                                ≈ 43.10 km/h

The true velocity of the wind is approximately 43.10 km/h.

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The electrostatic forces are the same for all isotopes of carbon, but carbon-14 has the strongest nuclear forces due to the additional neutrons in its nucleus.

All isotopes of carbon have the same number of protons in their nucleus, which determines the electrostatic forces between the positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons. Therefore, the electrostatic forces are the same for all isotopes of carbon.

The strength of nuclear forces depends on the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Generally, the more protons and neutrons an isotope has, the stronger the nuclear forces.

Carbon has three naturally occurring isotopes: carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14. Carbon-12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, carbon-13 has 6 protons and 7 neutrons, and carbon-14 has 6 protons and 8 neutrons.

Therefore, carbon-14 has the strongest nuclear forces because it has the most neutrons in its nucleus. However, it is important to note that the difference in nuclear forces between carbon-12 and carbon-14 is relatively small and not significant in most everyday situations.

In summary, the electrostatic forces are the same for all isotopes of carbon, but carbon-14 has the strongest nuclear forces due to the additional neutrons in its nucleus.

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When light enters a material of higher index of refraction, its speed decreases. Option D is correct.

This phenomenon is known as refraction and is a result of the change in the speed of light as it passes through a material with a different refractive index. The refractive index is a measure of how much a material can bend light, compared to the speed of light in a vacuum. When light passes from a medium with a lower refractive index, such as air or vacuum, to a medium with a higher refractive index, such as water or glass, it slows down and bends towards the normal line, an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface of the material.

The amount of refraction that occurs depends on the angle of incidence, or the angle at which the light strikes the surface, as well as the difference in refractive indices between the two materials. The change in speed and direction of the light as it passes through a material of higher refractive index can be described by Snell's law. Option D is correct.

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Using Newton's second law, F = ma, and the known mass of a proton, 1.673 x [tex]10^{27}[/tex] kg, the initial acceleration of the protons would be approximately 1.38 x [tex]10^{1}[/tex] [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex].

If the protons were not held together by the strong nuclear force, they would experience an electric force due to their positive charges.

According to Coulomb's law, the electric force between two charges is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Therefore, the initial acceleration of the protons would depend on their separation distance and the magnitude of their charges.

Assuming a separation distance of 1 angstrom ([tex]10^{-10}[/tex] m), the electric force between two protons with charges of 1.602 x [tex]10^{-19}[/tex] C would be approximately 2.31 x [tex]10^{-28}[/tex] N.

Using Newton's second law, F = ma, and the known mass of a proton, 1.673 x [tex]10^{-27}[/tex] kg, the initial acceleration of the protons would be approximately 1.38 x [tex]10^{1}[/tex] [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex].

To know more about Newton's second law, refer here:

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Out of the given options, sandpaper would have the highest friction.

• Wooden surface: Depends on the smoothness of the wood, can range from low to medium friction.

• Glass surface: Very smooth so it has low friction.

• Paper surface: Relatively smooth so friction would be low to medium depending on the paper type.