There are several alternatives to prison that can be used to reduce the prison population. Some of these alternatives include community service, probation, electronic monitoring, house arrest, drug treatment programs, mental health treatment programs and restorative justice programs.
Community service involves performing unpaid work for the community. Probation is a court-ordered period of supervision in the community. Electronic monitoring involves wearing an electronic device that tracks the offender’s movements. House arrest involves being confined to one’s home except for certain approved activities.
Drug treatment programs and mental health treatment programs are designed to help offenders overcome addiction or mental health issues that may have contributed to their criminal behavior. Restorative justice programs involve bringing together the offender and the victim to repair the harm caused by the crime.
The most effective alternative to prison depends on the individual offender and their circumstances. For example, drug treatment programs may be more effective for offenders with drug addiction problems while restorative justice programs may be more effective for offenders who committed crimes against individuals.
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If private security agents are subject to prosecution in the U. S. Courts, why would the U. S. Want to hire any of these
private security forces?
Private security agents are subject to prosecution in U.S. courts because they are required to comply with the same laws and regulations as everyone else. However, there may be situations where the U.S. government chooses to hire private security forces for certain tasks or missions.
There are several reasons why the U.S. government might choose to hire private security forces. One reason is that private security forces may have specialized skills or expertise that the government lacks or cannot easily access. For example, private security forces may have experience in providing security in hostile environments or conducting sensitive intelligence operations.
Another reason is that private security forces may be more cost-effective than using government resources. Private security forces are typically hired on a contractual basis, which allows the government to avoid the long-term costs associated with maintaining a standing military or law enforcement force.
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In 1996, James Alan Fox predicted that "the next ________ will get so bad that it will make 1995 look like the good old days."
Answer: wave of crime
Explanation:
In 1996, James Alan Fox predicted that "the next crime wave will get so bad that it will make 1995 look like the good old days."
The next crime wave would be so severe that it would make the crime rates of 1995 seem like the good old days predicted criminologist James Alan Fox in 1996 about the state of crime. Fox concern over the potential escalation of crime and its effects on society is reflected in this statement.
Despite the fact that crime rates can vary over time and between different geographic areas Fox's prediction demonstrates his conviction that there may be a significant rise in criminal activity. However it is important to note that forecasting crime trends is difficult because they depend on a variety of variables and are subject to change.
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Do citizens care enough to actively participate in policymaking, or would any resources devoted to participatory processes be better directed toward implementation?
Citizens tend to care about policies that directly affect their daily lives, and they are more likely to participate in policymaking processes when they feel that their voices are being heard and that they can make a difference.
Participatory processes can be valuable in providing a space for citizens to voice their opinions, concerns, and ideas, and to work collaboratively with policymakers to develop more effective policies. However, these processes can also be time-consuming and resource-intensive, and may not always result in significant changes to policy outcomes.
Ultimately, it is important to strike a balance between participatory processes and implementation efforts. Policymakers need to consider the potential benefits of participatory processes, including increased community engagement and support for policies, against the costs of implementing such processes. Additionally, policymakers need to ensure that participatory processes are inclusive, accessible, and meaningful for all members of the community, including those who may not have traditionally been included in policy discussions.
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Nakoya, a college student, stops to shop at a local ?yard sale? and sees a very nice mountain bike priced at $600. Needing a cheap form of transportation, Nakoya begins negotiating with the bike?s owner, Monica. After a few minutes of bargaining, Monica agrees to sell her bike to Nakoya for $520. They shake hands, and Nakoya leaves the yard sale, promising to return with her checkbook to pay for and pick up the bike. Nakoya never returns. Monica sues Nakoya in small claims court for breach of contract
Nakoya, a college student, encountered a mountain bike at a local yard sale, which was priced at $600. As she needed an affordable mode of transportation, she negotiated with Monica, the bike's owner.
They agreed on a final price of $520, shook hands, and Nakoya left, assuring she would return with her checkbook to complete the transaction. However, Nakoya failed to return, prompting Monica to sue her in small claims court for breach of contract.
This case involves an oral agreement, which can be legally binding, but the lack of a written contract might complicate matters. In small claims court, Monica will need to provide evidence that the agreement took place and demonstrate Nakoya's breach to pursue damages.
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Explain the role of Interpol in combatting transnational crime and international police cooperation.
Answer:
INTERPOL, the organization enables police in 192 member countries to work together to fight international crime. INTERPOL provides a range of policing expertise and capabilities, supporting three main crime programmes:
A key element of customer relationship management is to.
A key element of customer relationship management (CRM) is to build and maintain strong relationships with customers by understanding their needs, preferences, and behaviors.
This involves collecting and analyzing data on customer interactions and using this information to personalize communication and tailor products or services to meet their needs.
Other key elements of CRM include effective communication, customer satisfaction measurement and management, customer retention strategies, and continuous improvement of the customer experience. The ultimate goal of CRM is to increase customer loyalty and satisfaction, leading to long-term profitability and success for the business.
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When property is used to secure payment of a debt or obligation, a lien on the property is given by the borrower, who is called
When property is used to secure payment of a debt or obligation, a lien on the property is given by the borrower, who is called the debtor
Who is the debtor?The creditor, who is the entity or individual that the debtor owes the debt or obligation to, is granted a lien on the property as security for the debt. This means that the creditor has a legal claim on the property, which can be used to satisfy the debt if the borrower fails to repay it.
The lien remains in effect until the debt is fully paid off or otherwise discharged according to the terms of the agreement between the debtor and creditor.
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FULL STORY
Questions: Whats gonna happen?
My 13 year old friend decided to put in a fake credit card number on a scam website and the website also required him to put an address and a phone number, he put in a fake address and a random credit card number that he typed, (he just smashed his keyboard numbers) and accidentally put in his own phone number and he received 2 text messages after that, "His credit card is limited " and "his credit card was locked due to suspicious activity" now what’s gonna happen to him?
Since your friend used a fake credit card number and address, it is unlikely that any charges will be made to the card. The text messages he received are most likely part of the scam to trick people into giving their real credit card information or personal details.
However, it is possible that scammers could use the phone number your friend provided to try and obtain more information from him or attempt to scam him in other ways. It is important for your friend to be cautious and not engage with any suspicious messages or phone calls.
Additionally, it is important to educate your friend on the dangers of entering personal information on scam websites and the importance of protecting his personal and financial information. He should also inform his parents or a trusted adult about the situation so they can help monitor his credit and ensure that his personal information is not compromised.
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Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) for CRIJ 1310
Fundamentals of Criminal Law:
1. Identify the elements of crimes and defenses under Texas statutes, Model Penal
Code, and case law.
2. Classify offenses and articulate penalties for various crimes.
3. Compare culpable mental states when assigning criminal responsibility.
4. Assess the impact of history and philosophy on current criminal laws.
5. Evaluate the application of criminal law to other areas of criminal justice such as law
enforcement and corrections.
Program Student Learning Outcomes (PSLOs) for Associate
of Arts-Criminal Justice:
1. Discuss constitutional freedoms and rights of citizens and explain how an ethical
criminal justice system and participatory citizenship protects those freedoms and rights.
2. Demonstrate knowledge of the three major areas of America’s criminal justice system
(Police, Courts, and Corrections).
3. Analyze a criminal case and understand its relevance to protected freedoms and
rights
4. Demonstrate knowledge of fundamental elements of criminal law.
Assignment:
In this assignment, students will complete a 5-page research paper. The focus of your
research paper will be to discuss a criminal case from the point of entry into the criminal.
justice system to discussion of the outcome of the case. A list of criminal cases will be
provided to you by your professor.
Topic: Commonwealth of Pennsylvanian V.S. Julia Cardwell
Introduction: Criminal law is a crucial aspect of the criminal justice system. It governs how society punishes individuals who violate its norms and standards. One of the ways that students can learn about criminal law is through the analysis of criminal cases.
What constitutes the paper?Facts of the case: Julia Card well, a 24-year-old woman, was charged with burg lary, criminal tres pass, and criminal mis chief.
Defenses: Card well's defense argued that she had a right to enter the house because she was a co-tenant, and her ex - boy friend had granted her permission to enter.
Culpable mental states: In Texas, the culp able mental states are intent, knowledge, recklessness, and criminal negligence. Intent is the most culpable state, followed by knowledge, recklessness, and criminal negligence.
Impact of history and philosophy on current criminal laws: The criminal law has evolved over time to reflect changes in societal norms and values. Furthermore, the philosophy of criminal law has changed from retribution to rehabilitation.
Application of criminal law to other areas of the criminal justice system: The application of criminal law is not limited to the courtroom. Law enforcement officers and corrections officers also play a crucial role in enforcing criminal law.
Conclusion: The case of Commonwealth of Penn sylvania v.s. Julia Card well provides an excellent opportunity for students to learn about criminal law. By analyzing the elements of the crime, defenses, and culp able mental states under the Texas statutes, the Model P enal Code, and case law, students can develop a better understanding of criminal law.
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Which two of these founding documents were inspired by Enlightenment philosopher John Locke's ideas of "life, liberty, and property?
Α. The Declaration of Independence
B. The Articles of Confederation
C. The Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom
D. The U. S. Constitution
new york city has passed a law banning cigarette and cigar smoking in public bars and restaurants within city limits. this law would be defined as
Cigar and cigarette smoking are prohibited in public establishments like bars and restaurants in New York City. Common law would be used to describe this law.
A body of unwritten laws based on court-established legal precedents is known as common law or case law. The institutionalized opinions and interpretations of judicial authorities and public juries are the foundation of common law.
The idea is based on juries' and courts' institutionalized judgments and interpretations. Normal regulations likewise show the inspiration for the execution of new regulations.
The British East India Company brought the common law system, which is based on recorded judicial precedents, to India. In 1726, King George I granted the company a charter to establish "Mayor's Courts" in Madras, Bombay, and Calcutta—currently Chennai, Mumbai, and Kolkata, respectively.
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Show an example of case you have experienced that the law can contribute to a harmonious and peaceful society
Answer:
Explanation:
I can provide an example of how the law can contribute to a harmonious and peaceful society.
One example is the landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which ruled that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. This case was instrumental in the Civil Rights Movement, helping to desegregate schools and promote equal opportunities for all races. By enforcing the law and promoting equality, the Brown v. Board of Education case helped to create a more harmonious and peaceful society by reducing racial tensions and creating a more inclusive environment.
Overall, this example demonstrates how the law can be used as a tool to promote equality, reduce tensions, and foster a more harmonious and peaceful society.
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An example of how the law can contribute to a harmonious and peaceful society is that a city implements noise control ordinances to regulate the volume of noise in residential areas during specific hours.
1. The local government recognizes the need to balance the well-being of residents and the activities of businesses and individuals in the city.
2. Noise control ordinances are enacted to establish clear guidelines on acceptable noise levels during specific hours (e.g., no loud music or construction after 10 PM).
3. Residents who have concerns about excessive noise can report violations to the authorities, who will then investigate and take appropriate action.
4. People and businesses are more mindful of their noise levels and adjust their activities accordingly, promoting a more peaceful environment for everyone.
5. As a result, the community experiences less conflict and tension over noise issues, contributing to a more harmonious and peaceful society.
In this example, the law effectively addresses a common issue, establishes guidelines for behaviour, and provides a means of resolution, all of which contribute to a harmonious and peaceful society.
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The company is about to launch a new online product. Realizing that it will soon have to support customers in all time zones, management is considering outsourcing its help desk to provide round-the-clock customer care
The company is about to launch a new online product. Realizing that it will soon have to support customers in all time zones, management is considering outsourcing its help desk to provide round-the-clock customer care can be a cost cutting solution.
There are potential risks and difficulties with outsourcing. The business should carefully weigh the costs and benefits of each option and consider the standing, capabilities and experience of the outsourcing vendor before making a choice. Clear performance metrics, service level agreements as well as efficient communication and monitoring systems should be established if outsourcing is chosen.
To ensure that the company's brand values and standards for customer service are upheld, adequate training and resources should be made available. If the business chooses to outsource, it should set up service level agreements and clear performance metrics with the vendor. In order to make certain that the vendor complies with the agreed upon standards, it should also put in place efficient communication and monitoring systems.
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Should a Loss Prevention Officer be able to put his hands on and hand-cuff a child (5-13) to protect store property?
It is not appropriate for a Loss Prevention Officer to physically restrain or handcuff a child (5-13) to protect store property, as it should only be used in situations where there is an imminent threat to safety.
Who is a Loss Prevention Officer?A Loss Prevention Officer is an employee of a business who is responsible for preventing theft and other losses within the store.
A Loss Prevention Officer should not physically restrain or handcuff a child (aged 5-13) to protect store property. The use of physical force or restraints should only be used in situations where there is a clear and imminent threat to the safety of the public or the officer, and where it is necessary to prevent harm.
The use of force on a child should be a last resort and must be proportionate to the situation. Additionally, many jurisdictions have laws and regulations in place that prohibit the use of physical force or restraints on minors, except in extreme cases of danger.
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members of congress fill all of the following roles except that of:
a. cabinet members
b. legislature
c. committee member
d. servant of the constitution
Members of congress fill all of the following roles except that of Cabinet members. The correct option is a.
The Cabinet is made up of appointed leaders of executive departments who offer the President policy advice. On the other hand members of Congress are elected officials who work in the legislative branch of government and are in charge of passing laws and standing up for their constituents.
As part of their duties in the government, members of Congress participate in committee work and have a responsibility to uphold the Constitution. Congressmen are the Constitution's servants. They swear under penalty of perjury to uphold and protect the US Constitution from all enemies both domestic and foreign. The correct option is a.
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Mount Lemmon Fire District v. Guido (October 11, 2018) decision and reasoning for the decision.
The celebrated Mount Lemmon Fire District v. Guido was a momentous United States Supreme Court case which was determined on October 11th, 2018 regarding the comprehension of the venerable Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA).
Mount Lemmon Fire District v. Guido (October 11, 2018) decision and reasoning for the decision.Two firefighters, John Guido and Dennis Rankin, who were both more than 40-years old, formalized an action against this particular governmental division of the state of Arizona asserting that they had been dismissed due to their age unlawfully in negation of the established ADEA.
However, the District ardently contended that it ought not be subject to the ADEA's edicts since it employed fewer than 20 personnel.
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Setting events happen immediately before a behavior occurs
The idea that setting events happen immediately before a behavior occurs is not entirely accurate. In behavior analysis, a "setting event" is an environmental condition that alters the value of a particular consequence and makes it more or less reinforcing.
How to explain the informationSetting events can be either "setting conditions" or "motivating operations." Setting conditions refer to environmental factors that affect behavior by changing the value of a specific consequence at that moment. For example, if someone is hungry, food becomes more valuable to them and they are more likely to engage in behaviors that will result in obtaining food.
Motivating operations refer to environmental factors that affect behavior by altering the value of a particular consequence for a more extended period. For example, if someone has not slept well, their behavior might be affected in a way that makes certain consequences more or less reinforcing for a longer period.
Therefore, setting events can happen immediately before a behavior occurs, but they can also occur hours or even days before a behavior. It is essential to understand the role of setting events in behavior to develop effective interventions that target the root cause of problem behaviors.
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Where do laws regulating PRIVATE
discrimination come from?
what are the two hemispheres of law? if you do not remember, lippman gives a description of them on page 252 of the kindle edition. how are the two hemispheres portrayed in the film? what hemisphere would you put jan schlichtmann law firm into, the lawyers representing beatrice foods and w. r. grace and company? do you see prejudicial behaviors?
The two hemispheres of law northern and southern hemispheres of Earth are separated into two regions.
Schlichtmann defaulted on some loans and ran off to Hawaii. Despite having families to support, Conway and Crowley were just as disillusioned with the legal system. Scurrying to salvage the company they had almost lost, they hunkered down. They have yet to overcome all of Woburn's financial difficulties twelve years later.
Schlichtmann was awarded approximately $8 million by Grace for the families of the injured, but after his share of the settlement was reduced by the costs of the trial and investigation, he was left with so little that he declared bankruptcy. His regulation practice imploded, and his vehicle was repossessed.
A preconceived judgment, opinion, or attitude directed toward particular individuals based on their membership in a particular group is known as prejudice. It is a collection of mentalities that encourages, causes or justifies discrimination.
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To learn who rules over you simply find out who you are not allowed to criticize.
The quote "To learn who rules over you simply find out who you are not allowed to criticize" suggests that those who prohibit criticism hold power and authority over society, emphasizing the importance of free speech for promoting accountability.
The quote "To learn who rules over you simply find out who you are not allowed to criticize" implies that the people or institutions that prohibit criticism or dissent are the ones who hold power and authority over society. In other words, those who have the ability to silence opposing views and maintain control over the narrative are the ones in charge, rather than those who hold official titles or positions.
This quote highlights the importance of free speech and the need for open discourse in order to challenge authority and promote accountability. It is often attributed to Voltaire, but the origin of the quote is actually unclear.
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--The complete question is, What is the meaning behind the quote "To learn who rules over you simply find out who you are not allowed to criticize"?--
Which of the following is NOT one of the types of sanctions traditionally (i.e. commonly, imposed at least a few times annually) imposed upon individuals convicted of a criminal offense in the U.S. criminal justice system.
Question 8 options:
Imprisonment
Capital Punishment
Monetary Fines
Corporal punishment
Which of the following statements is true about the Patients' Bill of Rights?
The Patients' Bill of Rights is the fifteenth amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
No one universal government statute exists.
The Patients' Bill of Rights is part of HITECH.
The American Hospital Association has a Patients' Bill of Rights that became federal law.
Answer:
The American Hospital Association has a Patients' Bill of Rights that became federal law.
Explanation:
To protect your private information and medical information
Explain the responsibility of a principal who aids another in taking drugs as described in People v. Hopkins
In People v. Hopkins, the responsibility of a principal who aids another in taking drugs is outlined. A principal is someone who directly participates in or aids and abets the commission of a crime. In this case, the principal who assists another individual in taking drugs is held responsible for the consequences and actions associated with drug use.
The principal can be held liable if they knowingly provide, encourage, or facilitate drug use, even if they do not actively take the drugs themselves. This can include providing the drugs, supplying a location for drug use, or giving advice on how to take the drugs. The principal's liability is based on their involvement and intention to contribute to the criminal act.
In summary, a principal who aids another in taking drugs, as described in People v. Hopkins, holds significant responsibility for the crime. They can be held accountable for any harm or consequences that arise from drug use based on their knowledge, involvement, and intention to contribute to the criminal act.
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ge text: Managerial FOCUS 1. An officer of Westway Corporation recently commented that when he receives the firm's financial statements, he looks at just the bottom line of the income statement-the line that shows the net income or net loss for the period. He said that he does not bother with the rest of the income statement because it's only the bottom line that counts." He also does not read the balance sheet. Do you think this manager is correct in the way he uses the financial statements? Why or why not?
Answer:
Explanation:
While the bottom line of the income statement is certainly important, it is not the only important aspect of the financial statements. The other components of the income statement, such as revenue and expenses, can provide valuable insights into a company's operations and financial health. Additionally, the balance sheet provides important information about a company's assets, liabilities, and equity, which can be crucial for assessing the overall financial position of the company.
Therefore, it is not advisable for a manager to solely rely on the bottom line of the income statement and ignore the other components of the financial statements. It is important for managers to have a comprehensive understanding of a company's financial situation in order to make informed decisions and take appropriate actions.
One major role of independent regulatory commissions is to:
a. advise the president on national security issues.
b. make sure businesses are following the law.
c. offer goods and services to the public.
0 0
d. run the day-to-day operations of the white house.
One major role of independent regulatory commissions is to make sure businesses are following the law. Hence option B) is the correct answer.
Independent regulatory commissions are agencies created by the government to oversee and regulate specific industries or sectors. Their primary function is to establish and enforce rules that businesses must adhere to in order to ensure fair competition, protect consumer interests, and maintain the stability of the market.
These commissions operate independently from the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the government to ensure impartiality and prevent undue influence. They create regulations, monitor compliance, and take enforcement actions when necessary, such as issuing fines or revoking licenses.
Examples of independent regulatory commissions include the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), which focuses on consumer protection and anti-competitive practices, and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which regulates interstate communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable.
In summary, the major role of independent regulatory commissions is to make sure businesses are following the law by creating and enforcing regulations that protect consumers, promote fair competition, and maintain market stability.
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Frank wanted to have a shed to store all of his pool equipment in. He knew if he built a shed the size he wanted, part of it would be on his neighbor’s property. He built it anyway, and didn’t ask his neighbor for permission. What crime has he committed and why?
Answer:
Frank has committed the crime of trespassing, which involves entering or using someone else's property without their permission. By building a shed on his neighbor's property without their consent, Frank has violated their property rights and committed a civil offense. The neighbor could potentially take legal action against Frank to have the shed removed and seek damages for any harm caused to their property. Additionally, Frank could face fines or other penalties for his actions. It is important to respect the property rights of others and seek permission before using or building on their land.
Explanation:
Thomas Pogge proposes a "global resource dividend" as one aspect of
a. A global scheme for wealthy nations to use cheap labor from developing countries.
b. A global scheme for affluent nations and citizens of affluent nations to compensare the poon
c. A global scheme for affluent nations to buy commodities from the poor
d. A global pyramid scheme for affluent nations to further exploit the poon
Thomas Pogge proposes a "global resource dividend" as one aspect of a global scheme for affluent nations and citizens of affluent nations to compensate the poor. Hence, Option b) is the correct answer.
According to Pogge, the resources of the world are not distributed fairly, and as a result, the poorest nations suffer the most. The global resource dividend is a way to address this issue by redistributing the profits of natural resources, such as oil and gas, to the people of poor countries.
Pogge argues that this is a moral obligation of wealthy nations, as they benefit from the exploitation of resources in poor countries. By sharing the profits with the people of those countries, the global resource dividend can help to reduce poverty and inequality. The scheme is not a way to exploit the poor further or to buy commodities from them, but rather a way to provide compensation for the exploitation that has already occurred.
The global resource dividend is a way to promote justice and fairness in the global economy and to ensure that the benefits of natural resources are shared more equitably.
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It is a general rule that a foetus is not a legal subject (does not have rights, duties, and capacities). the south african law applies the nasciturus fiction as a legal exception to this rule. discuss the application of the nasciturus fiction as a legal exception in the light of exparte bodel steenkamp 1962 (3) sa 954 (o). write a legal article to discuss this statement and also refer to other applicable case law and other sources of law in the subject.
A legal theory in South African law known as the nasciturus fiction, that recognizes the fetus as a legal subject for particular purposes. It is based on the notion that a fetus in utero is assumed to have been born for all purposes provided that it is subsequently born alive and advantageous to it.
As opposed to being a rule of law, the nasciturus fiction is a legal presumption that can be disproved by evidence. Exparte Bodel Steenkamp, a case where the unborn child had a right to inherit from its mother's estate, is one instance where this is acknowledged in South African case law.
The nasciturus fiction is also acknowledged in South African legal statutes, such as the Intestate Succession Act, which states that a child born alive after the death of an intestate person who was conceived before their death is entitled to inherit from their estate. An example of how the nasciturus fiction has been used in South African law is the case of Exparte Bodel Steenkamp 1962 (3) SA 954 (O).
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Since 1900, the has grown from less than 100,000 to over 2 million in 2008. However, the grew from about one million to over four million over the same timeframe.
Question 9 options:
annual federal court caseload, annual state court caseload
annual number of violent crimes known to the police, annual number of property crimes known to the police,
incarcerated population, number of people supervised under probation
number of annual felony convictions, number of misdemeanor convictions
The correct answer is:
incarcerated population, number of people supervised under probation
malicious shrinkers referes to losses that occur while companies
Malicious shrinkers refers to losses that occur while companies are in the process of shipping products to customers, and the products shrink in size or weight due to deliberate tampering or theft.
What is malicious shrinkers?This can result in the company delivering less product than was originally intended, leading to financial losses and potential harm to customer relationships. The term "malicious shrinkage" is often used to distinguish this type of loss from other forms of shrinkage, such as accidental damage or spoilage.
Malicious shrinkage is a common problem in industries where high-value or easily sellable products are shipped, such as electronics, pharmaceuticals, or luxury goods.
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