A subsequent events review: is an audit procedure that examines events that occur after the date of the financial statements but before the auditor's report is issued.
The purpose of this review is to ensure that any material events that have occurred are appropriately disclosed in the financial statements.
To identify any material subsequent events, the auditor may inquire of management about events that have occurred since the balance sheet date, review minutes of meetings held after the balance sheet date, and examine subsequent transactions and other documents.
The auditor may also consider the impact of subsequent events on the financial statements and assess whether additional disclosures or adjustments are necessary. The procedures carried out by the auditor depend on the nature and significance of the subsequent events and their potential impact on the financial statements.
It is important to carry out a subsequent events review to ensure the financial statements are not misleading and to provide users with accurate and reliable information.
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suppose you observe the following situation: state of economy probability of state of economy rate of return if state occurs stock a stock b boom .21 .189 .097 normal .74 .158 .076 recession .05 -.246 .042 assume the capital asset pricing model holds and stock a's beta is greater than stock b's beta by .84. what is the expected market risk premium?
If the capital asset pricing model holds and stock a's beta is greater than stock b's beta by .84, the expected market risk premium is -0.4934 or -49.34%
To find the expected market risk premium, we first need to calculate the expected return on the market using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM). The CAPM is expressed as:
E(Rm) = Rf + beta x (E(Rm) - Rf)
where:
E(Rm) is the expected return on the market
Rf is the risk-free rate of return
beta is the systematic risk or market risk of the security
E(Rm) - Rf is the market risk premium
We are given the probability, rate of return, and beta for each state of the economy. Using these values, we can calculate the expected return for each stock:
E(Ra) = 0.21 x 0.189 + 0.74 x 0.158 + 0.05 x (-0.246) = 0.131
E(Rb) = 0.21 x 0.097 + 0.74 x 0.076 + 0.05 x 0.042 = 0.078
Next, we can use the difference in betas between the two stocks to find the expected market risk premium:
0.131 - Rf = 0.84 x (0.078 - Rf)
Simplifying this equation, we get:
0.05316 = 0.08496 x Rf
Rf = 0.6244
Therefore, the expected market risk premium is:
E(Rm) - Rf = 0.131 - 0.6244 = -0.4934 or -49.34%
Note that the negative value for the market risk premium indicates that the market is expected to underperform the risk-free rate, which may not be a realistic assumption in practice.
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Company X provides retailers with products for left-handed consumers. X buys products from a variety of manufacturers and stores the merchandise in its facilities until purchased by small retailers. Company X is an example of:a. Manufacturerb. Wholesalerc. Broker or agentsd. Retailer
Company X is a b) wholesaler.
Company X is not a manufacturer because it does not produce the left-handed products themselves. Instead, it buys the products from various manufacturers. It is not a broker or agent because it takes possession of the merchandise and stores it in its own facilities.
Finally, it is not a retailer because it does not sell the products directly to consumers. Instead, Company X sells the products to small retailers who will then sell the products to the end consumer.
Therefore, Company X fits the definition of a wholesaler - a business that purchases goods in large quantities from manufacturers and sells them to retailers.
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Which communications management practice includes specifying.
The communications management practice that includes specifying, designing, and producing the communication messages and materials is called "communications production."
In this practice, the communication messages and materials are created in accordance with the communication plan and the objectives of the project or campaign.
The production phase involves determining the specific channels, formats, and technologies to be used in delivering the messages to the target audience. The materials created in this phase may include brochures, posters, videos, social media posts, and other marketing materials.
Effective communications production involves careful attention to detail, including accuracy, clarity, consistency, and visual appeal. The content should be engaging and persuasive, and should be designed to resonate with the target audience.
The use of graphic design, copywriting, and multimedia production can enhance the impact of the communications materials and help to achieve the desired results.
Overall, the communications production practice is critical to the success of any communication campaign or project, as it ensures that the messages are delivered effectively and efficiently to the intended audience.
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Green co. has two long-term construction contracts. one contract, with blue co., qualifies for revenue recognition while the performance obligation is being satisfied. the other contract, with red co., does not qualify for revenue recognition until the performance obligation is fully satisfied. for either of these two contracts, what account would be debited when preparing the journal entry to record billings
When preparing the journal entry to record billings for either of the two long-term construction contracts of Green Co., the account that would be debited is "Accounts Receivable" or "Contract Receivable" depending on the type of contract. This is because billings represent amounts that are owed by the customer and are recorded as a receivable until they are collected.
It can be explained as follows:
1. Identify the contracts: Blue Co. (revenue recognized over time) and Red Co. (revenue recognized at completion).
2. Determine the account to be debited: In both cases, Green Co. is billing the customers, so the company is expecting to receive payment in the future.
3. Debit the Accounts Receivable account: As Green Co. bills its customers, it records the amount it expects to receive as an increase in its Accounts Receivable account by debiting it.
Please note that the revenue recognition method for each contract will impact the credit side of the journal entry, but the debit side remains the same (Accounts Receivable) for both contracts.
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A full-page, full-color ad in a major city newspaper that would run as part of the Sunday comic section costs about $41,000. The comics have a loyal readership of about 2 million readers. The same ad placed in another section of the paper costs $12,000 and has about 1 million readers. What is the approximate cost per reader of each ad? Remember you are calculation COST PER READER. *
The approximate cost per reader of each ad is $0.012 per reader.
To calculate the cost per reader for the full-page, full-color ad in the Sunday comic section, you should follow these steps:
1. Note the cost of the ad: $41,000
2. Note the readership: 2 million readers
3. Divide the cost by the readership: $41,000 / 2,000,000 readers
Now, let's calculate the cost per reader for the ad placed in another section of the paper:
1. Note the cost of the ad: $12,000
2. Note the readership: 1 million readers
3. Divide the cost by the readership: $12,000 / 1,000,000 readers
The approximate cost per reader of the full-page, full-color ad in the Sunday comic section is $41,000 / 2,000,000 readers = $0.0205 per reader. The approximate cost per reader of the same ad placed in another section of the paper is $12,000 / 1,000,000 readers = $0.012 per reader.
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A _____ is a particular kind of the divisional structure where products are grouped into separate divisions according to the needs of the different geographical regions the company serves
A Geographic Divisional Structure is a particular kind of divisional structure where products are grouped into separate divisions according to the needs of the different geographical regions the company serves.
In this structure, a company is divided into geographic regions, such as countries or states, and each region operates as a separate division, with its own set of functions and responsibilities. This structure is often used by multinational companies that operate in different regions and need to tailor their products and services to meet the unique needs of each region.
A Geographic Divisional Structure is a type of organizational structure in which a company is divided into separate divisions based on different geographical regions. In this structure, each division is responsible for managing its own operations and resources within a specific geographic area or region, such as a country, state, or city.
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tammy knows that businesses track consumers' shopping habits, like whether or not they use the traditional shopping process or shop online, but she wants to remain anonymous. what is one step tammy can take to maintain her anonymity using the traditional shopping process?
One step Tammy can take to maintain her anonymity when shopping traditionally is to pay with cash instead of using a credit or debit card.
By using cash, she won't leave any digital footprints, making it harder for businesses to track her shopping habits. Additionally, she can avoid signing up for loyalty programs or giving out personal information that can be used to identify her.
If she wants to make an online purchase, she can use a virtual private network (VPN) to hide her IP address and prevent her online activity from being traced back to her.
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Beginning inventory, purchases, and sales data for portable dvd players are as follows:
june 1 inventory 240 units at $78
10 sale 180 units
15 purchase 280 units at $80
20 sale 220 units
24 sale 90 units
30 purchase 320 units at $86
the business maintains a perpetual inventory system, costing by the last-in, first-out method. determine the cost of merchandise sold for each sale and the inventory balance after each sale.
Using the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) inventory costing method, the cost of merchandise sold and inventory balance
Inventory balance after each sale can be calculated as follows:
June 1 inventory: 240 units at $78 = $18,720
June 10 sale: 180 units at $80 (last purchase cost) = $14,400
Inventory balance: 60 units at $78 (beginning inventory cost) = $4,680
June 15 purchase: 280 units at $80 = $22,400
Inventory balance: 340 units at $80 = $27,120
June 20 sale: 220 units at $80 (last purchase cost) = $17,600
Inventory balance: 120 units at $80 = $9,600
June 24 sale: 90 units at $80 (last purchase cost) = $7,200
Inventory balance: 30 units at $80 = $2,400
June 30 purchase: 320 units at $86 = $27,520
Inventory balance: 350 units at $80 (LIFO cost for remaining units) = $28,000
To determine the cost of merchandise sold, we use the LIFO method to assign the cost of the most recent purchases to the units sold first. The inventory balance is the cost assigned to the remaining units still in stock. By the end of June, the cost of merchandise sold is $39,200, and the inventory balance is $28,000.
It's important to note that the LIFO method assumes that the most recent costs are the first to be sold, and this can lead to fluctuations in the cost of goods sold and inventory balance depending on the cost of recent purchases.
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one reason for unemployment is that: a. it takes time to match workers and jobs. b. all jobs are identical. c. the labor market is always in equilibrium. d. a laid-off worker can immediately find a new job at the market wage.
One reason for unemployment is that it takes time to match workers and jobs. This means that there may be job openings available, but it takes time for workers to find and apply for these positions.
Similarly, employers may take time to review applications and make hiring decisions. This can lead to a temporary mismatch between the supply and demand for labor, resulting in unemployment.It's important to note that not all jobs are identical, which means that certain skills or qualifications may be required for certain positions. If a worker does not possess these skills, they may struggle to find employment, which can contribute to unemployment rates.
Furthermore, the labor market is not always in equilibrium, meaning that there may be periods of time where there is a surplus of labor or a shortage of labor. During times of surplus, there may be more workers available than there are job openings, leading to higher rates of unemployment.
Finally, it is not always the case that a laid-off worker can immediately find a new job at the market wage. Depending on the industry and the worker's skills and qualifications, it may take time for them to find a new job at a comparable wage. In some cases, they may need to undergo additional training or education to become qualified for a different type of job.
Overall, there are many factors that can contribute to unemployment, including mismatches between workers and available jobs, labor market imbalances, and the need for additional training or education. It's important to address these factors in order to support job creation and reduce unemployment rates.
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Organizations use ________ to help them understand processes, products, customers, finances and markets;
Organizations use various analytical tools and techniques to help them understand their business operations and make informed decisions. These tools provide valuable insights into different aspects of the organization, such as processes, products, customers, finances, and markets.
One of the most commonly used analytical tools is data analytics. Data analytics involves collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data to identify patterns and trends that can inform business decisions. By using data analytics, organizations can gain a better understanding of their customers' needs and preferences, optimize their operations, and develop effective marketing strategies.
Another tool that organizations use is financial analysis. Financial analysis involves examining financial statements, ratios, and other financial metrics to assess the organization's financial performance and health. By using financial analysis, organizations can identify areas of inefficiency, make informed investment decisions, and forecast future financial performance.
Market research is also a common analytical tool used by organizations. Market research involves gathering and analyzing data on the market, competitors, and customers to gain insights into market trends and customer behavior. By using market research, organizations can develop effective marketing strategies, launch new products, and expand into new markets.
In conclusion, organizations use various analytical tools and techniques to gain insights into different aspects of their business operations. By using these tools, organizations can make informed decisions and stay competitive in today's fast-paced business environment.
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Explain whether one can find editorial explanations of tax law in Nexis Uni
Yes, it is possible to find editorial explanations of tax law in Nexis Uni.
Nexis Uni is a comprehensive database that provides access to a wide range of news articles, legal documents, and other types of information from various sources.
It includes publications such as legal journals, news sources, and industry publications that cover tax law and related topics.
In particular, legal journals and law reviews often publish editorial explanations of tax law that provide analysis and commentary on current tax legislation, cases, and regulations. These editorial explanations can be useful for understanding the interpretation and application of tax law in specific contexts, as well as for gaining insights into how tax law is evolving over time.
To find editorial explanations of tax law in Nexis Uni, you can use the search function to look for relevant keywords, such as "tax law" or "taxation." You can also use the advanced search options to narrow down your search results by publication type, date range, and other criteria. Additionally, you may want to consult legal and tax experts for more specific guidance on interpreting tax law and its implications for your situation.
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ajax has just discovered that the marginal revenue product generated by the last worker hired was $125 while the marginal factor cost was $85. what should ajax do?
Ajax should continue to hire more workers until the marginal revenue product equals the marginal factor cost, as each new worker hired increases profits as long as their contribution exceeds their cost.
Ajax should hire more workers as long as the marginal revenue product (MRP) of each additional worker is greater than the marginal factor cost (MFC).
In this case, the MRP of the last worker hired is $125 and the MFC is $85, which means that the firm is earning $40 ($125 - $85) in additional revenue for each additional worker. Therefore, it is profitable for Ajax to hire more workers as long as the MRP of each additional worker is greater than the MFC.
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Identify the gap/s in existing literature/research (i.e., what is not currently known?) on celebrity endorsement in Australia.
The gaps in existing literature on celebrity endorsement in Australia can be identified by reviewing and analyzing.
You should follow these steps:
1. Review the existing literature: Begin by searching for and collecting research articles, books, and other sources that discuss celebrity endorsement in Australia. This can include academic journals, newspapers, and online sources.
2. Analyze the content: Read through each source, taking notes on the key findings, methodologies, and themes discussed. Focus on any limitations or weaknesses in the research, as these can indicate potential gaps.
3. Identify common themes and trends: Look for recurring themes and trends within the existing literature. This can help you understand the current state of knowledge on celebrity endorsement in Australia.
4. Determine gaps: Based on your analysis, identify what is not currently known about celebrity endorsement in Australia. Gaps may include a lack of research on specific industries, demographics, or regions, or limitations in the research methodologies used.
The gaps in existing literature on celebrity endorsement in Australia can be identified by reviewing and analyzing the available research, focusing on limitations and weaknesses, and determining areas that require further investigation, such as specific industries, demographics, or regions.
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"Summarize the concept of the balanced scorecard. What are its mainadvantages? Explain in 200 words
The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a strategic management tool that assists organizations in monitoring and evaluating their performance across four key perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth.
Understanding balanced scorecard (BSC)It was developed by Drs. Robert Kaplan and David Norton in the early 1990s to help businesses translate their vision and strategy into actionable objectives and performance measures.
The main advantages of the balanced scorecard include:
1. Holistic approach: BSC provides a comprehensive view of an organization's performance by considering multiple perspectives, ensuring that all key aspects are covered and aligned with the overall strategy.
2. Strategy execution: BSC helps organizations translate their strategic goals into measurable objectives, thereby enabling better strategy execution and monitoring.
3. Enhanced communication: By clearly outlining the organization's strategic goals and performance measures, BSC facilitates better communication and understanding of the strategy among employees, leading to improved organizational alignment.
4. Continuous improvement: The BSC framework promotes regular monitoring and review of performance data, allowing organizations to identify areas for improvement and make necessary adjustments in a timely manner.
In summary, the balanced scorecard is a valuable management tool that enables organizations to effectively monitor and manage their performance across various perspectives, ensuring a comprehensive and aligned approach to strategy execution and continuous improvement
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Waterways Corporation is preparing its budget for the coming year, 2020. The first step is to plan for the first quarter of that coming year. The company has gathered information from its managers in preparation of the budgeting process.
Sales
Unit sales for November 2019 112,000
Unit sales for December 2019 102,000
Expected unit sales for January 2020 114,000
Expected unit sales for February 2020 114,000
Expected unit sales for March 2020 116,000
Expected unit sales for April 2020 126,000
Expected unit sales for May 2020 136,000
Unit selling price $12
Waterways likes to keep 10% of the next month’s unit sales in ending inventory. All sales are on account. 85% of the Accounts Receivable are collected in the month of sale, and 15% of the Accounts Receivable are collected in the month after sale. Accounts receivable on December 31, 2019, totaled $183,600.
Direct Materials
Direct materials cost 80 cents per pound. Two pounds of direct materials are required to produce each unit.
Waterways likes to keep 5% of the materials needed for the next month in its ending inventory. Raw Materials on December 31, 2019, totaled 11,400 pounds. Payment for materials is made within 15 days. 50% is paid in the month of purchase, and 50% is paid in the month after purchase. Accounts Payable on December 31, 2019, totaled $103,740.
Direct Labor
Labor requires 12 minutes per unit for completion and is paid at a rate of $6 per hour.
Manufacturing Overhead
Indirect materials 30¢ per labor hour
Indirect labor 50¢ per labor hour
Utilities 40¢ per labor hour
Maintenance 30¢ per labor hour
Salaries $41,000 per month
Depreciation $18,500 per month
Property taxes $2,900 per month
Insurance $1,200 per month
Maintenance $1,400 per month
Selling and Administrative
Variable selling and administrative cost per unit is $1. 60.
Advertising $16,000 a month
Insurance $1,600 a month
Salaries $73,000 a month
Depreciation $2,400 a month
Other fixed costs $3,100 a month
Other Information
The Cash balance on December 31, 2019, totaled $103,000, but management has decided it would like to maintain a cash balance of at least $800,000 beginning on January 31, 2020. Dividends are paid each month at the rate of $2. 30 per share for 4,800 shares outstanding. The company has an open line of credit with Romney’s Bank. The terms of the agreement requires borrowing to be in $1,000 increments at 6% interest. Waterways borrows on the first day of the month and repays on the last day of the month. A $520,000 equipment purchase is planned for February.
For the first quarter of 2020, prepare a cash budget. (Round answers to 0 decimal places, e. G. 2,520. )
Payment for direct materials purchases in January 2020 is $102,024.
To prepare a cash budget for Waterways Corporation for the first quarter of 2020, we need to estimate the company's cash receipts and cash payments for January, February, and March 2020.
Cash receipts:
a. Sales in January 2020: (114,000 units x $12/unit) = $1,368,000
b. Sales in February 2020: (114,000 units x $12/unit) = $1,368,000
c. Sales in March 2020: (116,000 units x $12/unit) = $1,392,000
d. Collections from December 2019 Accounts Receivable: ($183,600 x 85%) = $156,060
e. Collections from January 2020 Accounts Receivable: ($1,368,000 x 85%) = $1,162,800
f. Collections from February 2020 Accounts Receivable: ($1,392,000 x 15%) = $208,800
Cash payments:
a. Direct materials purchases in January 2020: [(114,000 units x 2 lbs/unit) x $0.80/lb x 105%] = $204,048
b. Direct materials purchases in February 2020: [(114,000 units x 2 lbs/unit) x $0.80/lb x 105%] = $204,048
c. Direct materials purchases in March 2020: [(116,000 units x 2 lbs/unit) x $0.80/lb x 105%] = $208,176
d. Direct labor cost in January 2020: (114,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $6/hour / 60 minutes/hour) = $68,400
e. Direct labor cost in February 2020: (114,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $6/hour / 60 minutes/hour) = $68,400
f. Direct labor cost in March 2020: (116,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $6/hour / 60 minutes/hour) = $69,600
g. Manufacturing overhead in January 2020: (114,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $0.30/labor hour) = $41,040
h. Manufacturing overhead in February 2020: (114,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $0.30/labor hour) = $41,040
i. Manufacturing overhead in March 2020: (116,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $0.30/labor hour) = $41,760
j. Selling and administrative expenses in January 2020: (114,000 units x $1.60/unit) + $94,100 = $282,740
k. Selling and administrative expenses in February 2020: (114,000 units x $1.60/unit) + $94,100 + $520,000 = $896,740
l. Selling and administrative expenses in March 2020: (116,000 units x $1.60/unit) + $94,100 + $520,000 = $908,740
m. Equipment purchase in February 2020: $520,000
n. Dividends paid each month: $2.30/share x 4,800 shares = $11,040
o. Payment for direct materials purchases in January 2020: ($204,048 x 50%) = $102,024
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The demand for airline travel is quite sensitive to price. typically, there is an inverse relationship between demand and price; when price decreases, demand increases and vice versa. one major air-line has found that when the price (p) for a round trip between chicago and los angeles is $600, the demand (d) is 500 passengers per day. when the price is reduced to $400, demand is 1,200 passengers per day. a. plot these points on a coordinate system and develop a function that relates demand to price. b. develop a model that will determine the total revenue as a function of the price
a. A function that relates demand to price is d(p) = -3.5p + 2600. b. The total revenue function is -3.5p^2 + 2600p.
The relationship between demand and price for airline travel.
a. To plot these points on a coordinate system, we can use the price (p) as the x-axis and the demand (d) as the y-axis. The points are (600, 500) and (400, 1200). To develop a function that relates demand to price, we can use the formula for a linear function, which is y = mx + b.
1: Calculate the slope (m) using the points:
m = (1200 - 500) / (400 - 600) = 700 / (-200) = -3.5
2: Choose one point (e.g., (600, 500)) to find the y-intercept (b):
500 = -3.5 * 600 + b
b = 500 + 3.5 * 600 = 2600
So the function that relates demand (d) to price (p) is:
d(p) = -3.5p + 2600
b. To develop a model that will determine the total revenue (R) as a function of price (p), we need to multiply the demand function (d) by the price (p).
1: Multiply the demand function by the price:
R(p) = p * d(p) = p * (-3.5p + 2600)
2: Simplify the equation:
R(p) = -3.5p^2 + 2600p
So, the total revenue as a function of the price is R(p) = -3.5p^2 + 2600p.
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a computerized inventory system checks inventory levels at the end of the week and suggests varying order sizes for the coming week. what kind of system is this?
The computerized inventory system described is an example of a replenishment system or an inventory control system.
This type of system is used by businesses to monitor and manage their inventory levels automatically.
A replenishment system works by continuously monitoring inventory levels and automatically generating purchase orders or production orders when the stock level falls below a certain threshold.
The system calculates the order quantity based on historical demand and lead time. This ensures that the inventory level stays within a certain range, preventing stockouts or excess inventory.
The system can also generate reports that provide valuable information such as stock levels, reorder points, and lead times, which help businesses make informed decisions regarding inventory management. Additionally, the system can be integrated with other software applications like sales and accounting to create a seamless workflow.
In summary, a replenishment system helps businesses to streamline their inventory management, reduce costs, and improve customer satisfaction by ensuring that products are available when customers need them.
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Robert de niro received his first emmy nomination for playing which financial crook?.
Robert de Niro received his first Emmy nomination for playing financier Bernie Madoff.
The Wedding Party, directed by Brian De Palma, was Robert De Niro's debut feature. It was shot in 1963 and released in 1969. While Robert De Niro has received numerous Emmy nominations he has never actually taken home the prize.
His role in the television movie "The Wizard of Lies" in which he played the notorious financial crook Bernard Madoff earned him an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or Movie. He had previously been nominated for an Emmy. Additionally he was nominated for his 2007 visitor appearance on the television program .
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According to Dunphy and Stace, the disadvantage of the tell and sell change management style is that it: _______
According to Dunphy and Stace, the disadvantage of the tell and sell change management style is that it can lead to employee resistance and lack of commitment. This approach involves management informing employees about the need for change and then persuading them to accept it. While this method can be effective in situations where quick decision-making is necessary, it may not be the best choice for fostering long-term employee engagement and buy-in.
The tell and sell approach can result in employees feeling excluded from the decision-making process, which may lead to frustration and a lack of trust in management. This, in turn, can hinder the successful implementation of the change initiative, as employees may be less inclined to support or participate in the change process. In addition, relying solely on persuasion can be ineffective if employees do not see a clear benefit for themselves in the proposed changes.
To overcome these disadvantages, organizations may consider adopting a more collaborative change management style, such as the involve and negotiate approach. This style encourages open communication and consultation between management and employees, promoting a sense of shared ownership in the change process. By involving employees in decision-making and addressing their concerns, organizations can foster a more positive work environment, increase employee commitment, and ultimately achieve more successful change outcomes.
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before negotiating a long term consturction contract, building contractors must carefully estimate the total cost of completing the porject. the process if compicated by the fact that toal cost cannot be known with certainty ahead of time. benzion barlev of new york univeristy proposed a model for total cost of a long term contract based on the normal distruction. for one particular consturction contract, barlec assumed total cost, x to be normally distributed with mean 975000 and standard deviation 150000. the revenue r promised to the contrater is 1250000. the contract will be profitable if the revenue exceeds total cost. what is the probability that the contract will be profitable for the contractor?
It is important to note that this probability is based on the assumption that the total cost follows a normal distribution with a mean of 975000 and a standard deviation of 150000.
However, as mentioned in the question, the total cost cannot be known with certainty ahead of time. The actual probability of profitability may vary depending on the actual total cost incurred during the construction process. The formula to calculate the z-score is: z = (r - x) / σ , Where r is the promised revenue, x is the total cost, and σ is the standard deviation. Substituting the values given in the question, we get: z = (1250000 - 975000) / 150000 , z = 1 . Using the standard normal distribution table, we can find that the probability of a z-score of 1 or greater is approximately 0.34. This means that there is a 34% chance that the contract will be profitable for the contractor.
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in the keynesian model, how does a temporary increase in government purchases affect the following? your answers should be relative to the original long-run equilibrium levels of each variable. assume there is no change in labor supply.
In the Keynesian model, a temporary increase in government purchases would increase aggregate demand and shift the AD curve to the right. This would lead to an increase in both output and price levels in the short run.
In the short run, the increase in government purchases would lead to an increase in aggregate demand, which would cause firms to increase output to meet the increased demand. This would lead to an increase in employment, income, and output. However, since the increase in government purchases is temporary, the AD curve would shift back to its original position in the long run.
In the long run, the increase in government purchases would have no effect on the level of output or employment. However, the increase in aggregate demand would lead to an increase in the price level. This is because, in the long run, output is fixed, and any increase in demand would lead to an increase in prices rather than output. Therefore, in the long run, the economy would return to its original equilibrium level of output and employment but with a higher price level.
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Worldwide annual sales of a device in 2012–2013 were approximately q = −6p + 3,050 million units at a selling price of $p per unit. Assuming a manufacturing cost of $40 per unit, what selling price would have resulted in the largest annual profit? HINT [See Example 3, and recall that Profit = Revenue − Cost. ] (Round your answer to two decimal places. )
To find the selling price that would result in the largest annual profit, we need to first find the profit function. Profit is calculated by subtracting the total cost from the total revenue.
The given sales function is q = -6p + 3,050, where q is the number of units sold and p is the selling price per unit. The total revenue can be calculated by multiplying the number of units sold (q) by the selling price per unit (p), which is R(p) = pq.
The manufacturing cost is $40 per unit, so the total cost function is C(q) = 40q.
Now, we can find the profit function P(p) by subtracting the total cost from the total revenue. First, substitute q from the sales function into the total cost function:
C(p) = 40(-6p + 3,050)
Next, find the total revenue function:
R(p) = p(-6p + 3,050)
Now, calculate the profit function P(p) by subtracting the total cost function from the total revenue function:
P(p) = R(p) - C(p) = p(-6p + 3,050) - 40(-6p + 3,050)
To maximize profit, we need to find the critical points of the profit function P(p). To do this, find the derivative of the profit function with respect to p and set it equal to 0:
P'(p) = -12p + 3,050 - 240 = 0
Solve for p:
12p = 2,810
p = 234.17
Therefore, a selling price of $234.17 per unit would have resulted in the largest annual profit.
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A European car company is trying to decide if they should manufacture their vehicles for the US market in Europe, or in the United States. Please do the calculations that will help this company come to a decision.Sale price of vehicle in the United States - $35,500Cost to manufacture the car in Europe, deliver and import to US: 20,000 EurosCost to import the vehicle into the United States $4,500Cost to manufacture the vehicles in the United States - $28,500Suppose the exchange rate is near 1 Euro = $1.30. What would be the profit for the European car company (in Euros) if they manufactured their car in Europe? Remember, they have to pay the import tax.
The profit for the European car company if they manufacture their car in Europe would be $7,000.
If the European car company decides to manufacture their vehicles in Europe and import them to the US, they will need to pay 20,000 Euros for manufacturing and delivery costs.
At an exchange rate of 1 Euro = $1.30, this is equivalent to $26,000. They will also need to pay $4,500 for import taxes.So, the total cost of manufacturing and importing the car to the US from Europe would be $35,500 ($26,000 + $4,500). This is the same as the sale price of the vehicle in the US.
Therefore, if the European car company decides to manufacture their vehicles in Europe and import them to the US, they will break even but will not make a profit.
On the other hand, if they manufacture the vehicles in the United States, the cost to manufacture the car will be $28,500, which is cheaper than the cost to manufacture the car in Europe and import it to the US.
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Total Liabilities & Equity
$ 229,200 $248,000
Task 1: Liquidity Analysis
Calculate the following ratios in 2021 for Gerup Garments Inc. Write 100 words describing
the company's liquidity condition:
current ratio
• quick ratio
•
accounts receivable turnover
days sales outstanding
inventory turnover
average days to sell inventory
•
Type your response here:
Answer:
Here are the calculations for the liquidity ratios for Gerup Garments Inc. in 2021:
**Current Ratio**
Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
= $108,000 / $229,200
= 0.47
**Quick Ratio**
Quick Ratio = (Current Assets - Inventory) / Current Liabilities
= $108,000 - $48,000 / $229,200
= 0.36
**Accounts Receivable Turnover**
Accounts Receivable Turnover = Net Sales / Average Accounts Receivable
= $1,200,000 / ($60,000 + $54,000) / 2
= 10.5
**Days Sales Outstanding**
Days Sales Outstanding = 365 / Accounts Receivable Turnover
= 365 / 10.5
= 34.8 days
**Inventory Turnover**
Inventory Turnover = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory
= $800,000 / ($48,000 + $54,000) / 2
= 12.5
**Average Days to Sell Inventory**
Average Days to Sell Inventory = 365 / Inventory Turnover
= 365 / 12.5
= 29.2 days
**Analysis**
Gerup Garments Inc.'s liquidity condition is weak. The current ratio is below 1, which means that the company's current assets are not enough to cover its current liabilities. The quick ratio is even lower, which means that the company's liquid assets are not enough to cover its current liabilities. The accounts receivable turnover is low, which means that the company is taking too long to collect its receivables. The days sales outstanding is high, which means that the company is taking too long to collect its receivables. The inventory turnover is low, which means that the company is holding too much inventory. The average days to sell inventory is high, which means that the company is holding too much inventory.
The company should take steps to improve its liquidity condition. It should try to collect its receivables more quickly. It should also try to reduce its inventory levels. If the company does not take steps to improve its liquidity condition, it may have difficulty meeting its financial obligations.
To understand the liquidity of a business, various ratios are calculated, including Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, Accounts Receivable Turnover, Days Sales Outstanding, Inventory Turnover, and Average Days to Sell Inventory. These calculations require specific figures such as Current Assets, Quick Assets, Accounts Receivables, Sales, Inventory, and Cost of Goods Sold. Without these values, it's impossible to calculate the specific ratios for Gerup Garments Inc.
Explanation:To assess the liquidity of Gerup Garments Inc., we need a few key data points which include Current Assets, Quick Assets, Accounts Receivables, Sales, Inventory, and Cost of Goods Sold (COGS). These figures are not provided in your question. However, I can explain how to use these figures to calculate the ratios.
The Current Ratio is calculated by dividing Current Assets by Current Liabilities. A number greater than 1 indicates good short-term financial health. The Quick Ratio is similar but it excludes inventory from your assets, as these can be less liquid than other assets. This is calculated by subtracting Inventory from Current Assets, then divided by Current Liabilities.
Accounts Receivable Turnover is calculated by dividing Net Credit Sales by Average Accounts Receivable, this assesses the effectiveness of the company's credit policies. Days Sales Outstanding shows the average number of days that receivables remain outstanding, calculated by dividing Accounts Receivable by Total Credit Sales and then multiply by 365.
Finally, Inventory Turnover is calculated by dividing COGS by Average Inventory. It measures how many times a company's inventory is sold and replaced over a period. Average Days to Sell Inventory is the reciprocal of Inventory Turnover ratio multiplied by 365, this shows the average length of time items are in inventory before they are sold.
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the primary goals of purchasing include all of the below, except? the primary goals of purchasing include all of the below, except? optimize customer satisfaction improve the quality of the finished goods produced ensure the uninterrupted flow of materials and services at the lowest total cost develop as many good quality suppliers as possible for each material or service
The primary goals of purchasing include all of the below, except "optimizing customer satisfaction". The correct option is A.
Primary goals refer to the main objectives that an organization seeks to achieve in order to fulfill its mission and vision. These goals usually guide the development of strategies and plans, and they are used to measure the organization's success and progress.
Primary goals can vary depending on the organization's type, size, and industry, but common examples include increasing revenue and profits, improving customer satisfaction, enhancing operational efficiency, and expanding market share.
The reason of expection in the primary goals of purchasing typically include ensuring the uninterrupted flow of materials and services at the lowest total cost. Developing good quality suppliers for each material or service. Improving the quality of the finished goods produced. Therefore, the correct answer is "optimize customer satisfaction".
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The SAFe Scrum Master role includes responsibilities to which other group?
o Business owners
o Solution Management
o Solution Train Engineers
o The other Agile Teams on the Agile release train (ART)
The SAFe Scrum Master role includes responsibilities towards the other Agile Teams on the Agile Release Train (ART). So, correct option is D.
The Agile Release Train is a collection of Agile teams that work together to deliver a product increment during a fixed time frame known as a Program Increment (PI). The Scrum Master in the SAFe framework plays a crucial role in facilitating the Agile processes for the team and helping to remove any impediments that are blocking the team's progress.
The Scrum Master collaborates with the other Scrum Masters on the ART to help manage cross-team dependencies and ensure that the teams are working towards a shared goal.
The Scrum Master also participates in Scrum of Scrums meetings, where representatives from each Agile team on the ART discuss progress, impediments, and other issues affecting the overall delivery of the product increment.
Therefore, the SAFe Scrum Master role has a significant responsibility towards the other Agile teams on the ART to ensure effective collaboration and timely delivery of product increments.
So, correct option is D.
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which of the following statements regarding technical and fundamental analysis is true? a. fundamental analysis is based on supply and demand. b. in fundamental analysis, future cash flows are projected by analyzing a firm's financial statements. c. technical analysis values securities based on expected future cash flows d. technical analysis requires an evaluation of macroeconomic conditions.
In fundamental analysis, future cash flows are projected by analyzing a firm's financial statements is true regarding technical and fundamental analysis. The correct statement is (b)
Fundamental analysis is a method of evaluating the intrinsic value of an asset by analyzing a variety of factors, such as financial and economic data, industry conditions, and management quality.
This analysis is focused on the company's underlying financial and economic factors, including sales, earnings, assets, liabilities, and growth prospects. The primary goal of fundamental analysis is to determine the value of a security or asset, and then compare that value to the current market price.
On the other hand, technical analysis is a method of evaluating securities by analyzing statistics generated by market activity, such as past prices and volume.
Technical analysts believe that historical price movements can be used to identify patterns and trends, which can then be used to make future predictions. Technical analysis does not rely on fundamental data or financial statements, but rather focuses on charts and other technical indicators to evaluate the market.
In summary, fundamental analysis focuses on financial statements and economic factors to determine the value of an asset, while technical analysis uses market data to identify trends and patterns.
The correct statement is (b).
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Exam Practice - Analysis of Path-goal theory case study
You are assigned by the Managing Director of Faxxcom, a mobile phone production company to look into the problems. You have talked to three managers. The first one is Bob, A department’s manager, and has a set of leadership challenges. Bob is a supportive leader as seen through his interactions with workers. He remembers his followers’ birthdays, takes them out for lunch, and praises their performance. However, this approach does not suit their task characteristics as outlined in the path-goal model. Often times, his workers are unsure what and how to do their work. They seem to have ambiguous targets to achieve and have to work under a lot of pressure. Their work environment transforms on a regular basis, so they require a supervisor who can explain the targets. Additionally, these workers feel insecure since they do not know how to cope with the changes which is shown in the way they complain to each other about their work. This scenario requires a directive leader who will provide structure and guide them in their daily tasks. Bob ought to get more involved in his subordinates’ tasks so as deal with this challenge.
The second manager is Arthur who is Department B’s manager, and he has different leadership challenges. His employees are dull and uninterested to work. They also know their tasks inside out. The path goal theory states that directive leadership is suitable to dogmatic subordinates who have unclear, complex and ambiguous tasks. However, B department’s workers are already confident about their ability to complete tasks. Additionally, they seem to have an internal locus of control. Therefore, the last thing they need is a directive leader, yet Arthur has selected the directive leadership style. His behaviour is incompatible with his employees and well as their work environment. Thus, Arthur needs to minimize his level of involvement in the workers’ work. He should behave more like Bob by dealing with his subordinates’ human needs. Arthur ought to work on his interpersonal relationship by relating to his subordinates. These workers need a human touch because they prefer affiliation and interpersonal relationship, which is the perfect scenario for supportive leadership.
Lastly, Carol, is a part-time assistant manager who comes to support the factory of Faxxcom during the peak production seasons for departments A & B, seems to have mastered her situation and her employees quite well. She is a participative leader in certain circumstances, a supportive leader at other times, and an achievement-oriented supervisor in certain circumstances. She knows when to solicit for ideas or when to support workers. Carol represents the ultimate path-goal leader; she works on employees’ personal needs while focusing on the ultimate goal in the enterprise. She also eliminates obstacles and clarifies path in the way that the matter has been described in the theory.
Questions
What are the leadership problems for departments A & B under Bob’s and Arthur? (explain it in detail)
The leadership problems for Department A under Bob's management are mainly due to his overly supportive leadership style. While he is good at building personal relationships with his employees, he fails to provide them with clear targets and guidance on how to perform their tasks.
What are the leadership problems for departments A & BThis leads to ambiguity and insecurity among the workers, who struggle to cope with the ever-changing work environment.
The employees in Department A require a more directive leader who can provide structure and guidance in their daily tasks to address these issues.
On the other hand, Department B under Arthur's management faces a different set of challenges. Arthur employs a directive leadership style, which is not suitable for his employees who already have a good understanding of their tasks and possess an internal locus of control.
This mismatch between Arthur's leadership style and his employees' needs results in the workers feeling uninterested and demotivated.
Department B would benefit from a more supportive leader like Bob, who can focus on the interpersonal relationships and human needs of the employees, creating a better work environment.
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means that investors risk only the amount they choose to invest in a corporation, not all their assets. A. 14th amendment to the U.S. constitution B. business's responsibility for understanding and providing for consumer needs C. caveat emptor D. Compliance E. Consumer Product Safety Commission F. Corporation G. Legal paternalism H. Limited liability I. strict liability J. the due care view K. the producer and consumer
The term that describes the concept of investors risking only the amount they choose to invest in a corporation, not all their assets, is H. "limited liability."
This means that in the event of a business failure or lawsuit, the investors are only responsible for the amount of money they put into the corporation, and their personal assets are not at risk. Limited liability is a key feature of a corporation, and is often a factor that attracts investors to this type of business structure.
Limited liability is a type of legal structure for an organization where a corporate loss will not exceed the amount invested in a partnership or limited liability company (LLC). In other words, investors' and owners' private assets are not at risk if the company fails.
Limited liability is a legal structure of organizations that limits the extent of an economic loss to assets invested in the organization and that keeps the personal assets of investors and owners off-limits.
Therefore, the correct answer is option H. Limited Liability.
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Describe the three common structures of pension plans, eligibility and qualifications for retirement and explain in 150 words
The three common structures of pension plans are defined benefit plans, defined contribution plans, and hybrid plans.
1. Defined Benefit Plans: In this structure, the employer promises to provide a specific monthly benefit to the employee upon retirement. The benefit is calculated using a formula based on the employee's salary, years of service, and age. Eligibility for this plan typically requires a certain number of years of service and reaching a specific age, such as 65.
2. Defined Contribution Plans: In this structure, employees and employers contribute to an individual account for the employee, such as a 401(k) or 403(b). The employee's retirement benefit depends on the account's investment performance.
Eligibility for these plans often starts immediately upon employment or after a short waiting period, with the employee being vested in their contributions right away or after a specified period of service.
3. Hybrid Plans: These plans combine elements of both defined benefit and defined contribution plans. A common example is the cash balance plan, which provides a defined benefit with an individual account that grows at a guaranteed rate. Eligibility and qualifications for retirement in hybrid plans vary depending on the specific plan structure.
In summary, the defined benefit plan guarantees a specific monthly benefit, the defined contribution plan relies on investment performance, and the hybrid plan combines elements of both.
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