Why do you think the forced vital capacity is less than the vital capacity?

Answers

Answer 1

The reason why FVC( Forced Vital Capacity) is usually less than VC is that when we exhale forcefully, some air gets trapped in the lungs and cannot be expelled completely. This trapped air is called residual volume, and it remains in the lungs even after we have exhaled as much as we can.

Forced vital capacity (FVC) is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled forcefully and completely after taking a deep breath. Vital capacity (VC) is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after taking a deep breath.

FVC is usually less than VC because when we exhale forcefully, some air gets trapped in the lungs and cannot be expelled completely. This trapped air is called residual volume, and it remains in the lungs even after we have exhaled as much as we can. This means that the volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled (FVC) is lower than the total volume of air that can be exhaled (VC).

Additionally, factors such as airway resistance, lung compliance, and muscle strength can affect FVC and make it lower than VC. For example, if a person has obstructed airways due to a respiratory illness, their FVC may be lower than their VC because they cannot exhale as much air forcefully.

In summary, FVC is usually less than VC because of the presence of residual volume and other physiological factors that can affect lung function.

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Related Questions

Record the following DNA sequences of two individuals.

Person 1

G G | C C T C G G C C T A G A A C G G C C T A G C C G

C C | G G A G C C G G A T C T T G C C G G A T C G G C

Person 2

C T G A G G C C T A A G C G A T T C C C G G A T A T A

G A C T C C G G A T T C G C T A A G G G C C T A T A T

Digest the sequences using HaeIII. For each restriction site, draw a vertical line showing where the enzyme will cut. How many DNA fragments are produced for each individual following digestion with HaeIII?

Answer:

Answers

HaeIII is a restriction enzyme that recognizes the palindromic sequence "GG^CC" and cleaves the phosphodiester bond between G and the second C, generating a blunt-ended DNA fragment with a 4-base 5'-overhang.

The recognition site for the restriction enzyme HaeIII is "GG^CC", where the "^" represents the site of cleavage. The DNA sequences of person 1 and person 2 can be represented as:

Person 1:

GG|CCTCGGCC|TAGAACGGC|CTAGCCG

CC|GGA|GCCGGATCTTG|CCGGATCGGC

After digestion with HaeIII, the DNA fragments produced for person 1 are:

2 fragments of size 8 bp (cut at positions 3 and 14)

3 fragments of size 65 bp, 32 bp, and 16 bp (cut at positions 10, 21, and 28)

Person 2:

CTGAGGCC|TAAGCGATTC|CCCGGATATA

GACTCCGG|ATTCGCTAAG|GGGCCTATA

For person 2, the fragments produced are:

2 fragments of size 12 bp and 135 bp (cut at positions 7 and 19)

3 fragments of size 8 bp, 46 bp, and 22 bp (cut at positions 32, 38, and 45)

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