When benzene is treated with 2-methylpropene and sulfuric acid, the product obtained is tert-butylbenzene. Propose a mechanism for this transformation. For the mechanism, draw the curved arrows as needed. Include lone pairs and charges in your answer.
Answer:
See explanation and image attached
Explanation:
This reaction begins when the pi bond in 2-methylpropene is attacked by a proton. A tertiary carbocation is formed which now may attack a benzene ring in an electrophilic reaction. A tertiary carbocation is very stable.
The electrophilic attack of the tertiary carbocation yields the final product tert-butylbenzene as shown in the image attached.
What are two ways to determine the salinity level?
Answer: chlorinity titration and conductometry
Explanation:
The level of a liquid (i.e. distilled water) in laboratory glassware is determined by sight. The level corresponds to a specific volume. The volume is established by identifying the meniscus of the liquid relative to a calibration mark or series of calibration marks on the glassware (ie. volumetric flask vs. buret). Which of the following statements is NOT correct when reading the meniscus?
a. The edge of the meniscus should be used to determine volume relative to the mark or marks
b. The meniscus should be read at eye level
c. When the meniscus is between marks, estimate the reading to the nearest tenth of a division (ie, estimate to 0.01 mL if buret has 0.1 ml divisions)
d. The center of the meniscus should be used to determine volume relative to the mark or marks
Answer:
c. When the meniscus is between marks, estimate the reading to the nearest tenth of a division (ie, estimate to 0.01 mL if buret has 0.1 ml divisions)
Explanation:
The meniscus is the mark that a liquid presents in a pipette. This measure is important for determining the volume of a solution, allowing the correct amounts of aqueous solutions to be used. The meniscus must be observed at eye level to avoid parallax errors. In this view, the border and center of the meniscus must be considered to determine the volume.
Compare the cycling of water and nutrients through an ecosystem to the cycling of blood in your cardiovascular system. What is the source of energy in each case?
The cycling of water and nutrients through an ecosystem is powered mainly by the sun, while the cycling of blood in the cardiovascular system "powered" by the heart.
Hope this helps!
The ecosystem has been the correlation between the biotic and abiotic components in the specified area.
The cardiovascular system has been the organ system comprising heart, arteries and veins. It functions to carry blood.
Cycling of water, nutrients, and bloodThe water and nutrients in the ecosystem are absorbed and converted to another form and return to the original form. This has been known as the cycle of the water.
The water in the stream and ocean has been converted to the vapor form. It has been evaporated by the energy of sun.
The evaporated vapors have been converted to the clouds by condensation, and the precipitation results in the poring of water again to the stream and ocean.
The circulation in the body has been mediated in the same way as the water cycle. The blood has been pumped from the heart.
The veins carry the blood to different tissues and cells. It has been used, and carried back from the cells to the heart.
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A computer randomly puts a point inside the rectangle. What is the probability
that the point does not land in triangle T?
8
4
4
S
LO
T
2
7
O A.
O B. 13
C. }
CON 002
D.
3
Answer:
c
Explanation:
What is the surface composition of planets in the solar system?
A,. Helium or hydrogen
B,. Rock or gas
C., Rock or water
D,. Water or helium
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Most planets in the solar system don't have water. Helium and hydrogen are two of the many gasses in planets. Therefore, B is the best answer.
DNA forms two strands. One of the strands of a piece of a DNA molecule has the bases ATA.
Which bases does the other strand have?
Select one:
A: CAC.
B: TAT.
C: GTG.
D: ATA.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
Combinations between two strands:
T - A
A - T
C - G
G - C
(so if one strand has A for example, then the other strand must have T in the same spot)
Bases which are present on the other strand of DNA are TAT.
What is DNA?DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a hereditary material present in humans as well as all living beings. Almost every cell present in the body has DNA. Most DNA are located inside the cell , that is in the nucleus of the cell. But a small portion of DNA can be found in the mitochondria of the cell as well.
The information in DNA is stored as a code which is composed of four chemical bases 1) adenine 2)guanine 3) cytosine 4) thymine . The human DNA consists of 3 billion bases . The order of of these bases determine information which is used for building and maintaining an organism.
The DNA bases can pair with each other .Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine with cytosine to form units which are called as base pairs.Each base apart from other complementary base it also attaches itself to a sugar and a phosphate molecule.
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Given this balanced equation:
1 Cu + 1 H2SO4 -> 1 CuSO4 + 1 H2
If you have 22.45 moles of H2SO4 , how many mole of CuSO4 can you make?
Answer value
In the lab activity, the reaction rate was determined by the appearance of a product. However, the reaction rate can also be determined by the disappearance of a reactant. Rate =Δ[product]/Δt or rate−Δ[reactant]Δt. In each situation below, you are given a rate measured by the appearance of one component of the reaction and are asked to predict the rate of appearance or disappearance of another component, based on logic and stoichiometric relationships.
For example, if the reaction is as follows:
A+2B⟶products
For every mole of A that is used, 2 moles of B are used so the rate of disappearance of B is twice the rate of the disappearance of A.
This may be expressed as:
rate=−Δ[B]/Δt=−2[A]/Δt , N2(g)+3H2(g)⟶2NH3(g)
The reaction rate is measured as 0.032 M NH3/s. Determine the rate of disappearance of N2 and the rate of disappearance of H2. Explain how you arrived at your answers.
Answer: Rate of disappearance of [tex]N_2[/tex]= 0.032 M/s
Rate of disappearance of [tex]H_2[/tex] = 0.096 M/s
Explanation:
Rate law says that rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactants each raised to a stoichiometric coefficient determined experimentally called as order.
[tex]N_2(g)+3H_2(g)\rightarrow 2NH_3(g)[/tex]
The rate in terms of reactants is given as negative as the concentration of reactants is decreasing with time whereas the rate in terms of products is given as positive as the concentration of products is increasing with time.
Rate in terms of disappearance of [tex]N_2[/tex] = [tex]-\frac{1d[N_2]}{dt}[/tex]
Rate in terms of disappearance of [tex]H_2[/tex] = [tex]-\frac{1d[H_2]}{3dt}[/tex]
Rate in terms of appearance of [tex]NH_3[/tex] = [tex]\frac{1d[NH_3]}{2dt}[/tex]
Rate = [tex]-\frac{1d[N_2]}{dt}=-\frac{1d[H_2]}{3dt}=\frac{1d[NH_3]}{2dt}[/tex]
Given : = 0.032 M/s
Rate of disappearance of =
Rate of disappearance of [tex]H_2[/tex] = [tex]-\frac{d[H_2]}{dt}=3\times 0.032M/s=0.096M/s[/tex]
Every orbital in a sub level is singly occupied before any orbital is doubly occupied is the statement of
Answer:
Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity
Why parafin oil use in melting
Answer:
Paraffin oil is used for determination of boiling point and melting point for the following reasons: It has a very high boiling point and so it can be used to maintain high temperatures in the boiling and melting point apparatus without loss of the substance.
In the carbon cycle, carbon is transferred from animals to plants by which of the following?
A. carbon dioxide
B. oxygen
C. sugars
D. water
Answer:
A carbon dioxide
its how carbon is transferred
Carbon cycle is the process of balancing the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and what is present in plants and animals. In carbon cycle, carbon is transferred in the form of carbon dioxide from animals to plants.
What is carbon cycle?Carbon cycle is a geochemical cyclic process by which the carbon gas is exchanged between the atmosphere and biosphere. Carbon is the main content of all biological materials as well as living.
These events in carbon cycle balance the amount of carbon in atmosphere and biosphere to sustain life. Thus the wasted carbon from animals are recycled back to the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide.
We intake oxygen and release carbon dioxide. The released carbon dioxide is uptaken by plants and used for photosynthesis. By the process of photosynthesis, plants are making glucose and energy.
Therefore, In the carbon cycle, carbon is transferred from animals to plants in the form of A. carbon dioxide.
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Which food dyes in the diagram on the right only contain one colour?
( Science, Chromatography )
Skin color variations were caused by:
a). The change in melanin, the skin's brown pigment
b). The climate of where people migrated to
c)Diets that are rich in Vitamin D
d) All of the above
I'm certain the answer is D: All of the above, but please correct me if I'm wrong ^^
The temperature of an oxyacetylene torch flame can reach as high as 3137 °C. What is this temperature in Fahrenheit and Kelvin? Please show work.
Answer:
A)3410K
B)5678.6 °F
Explanation:
✓ To convert Celcius to Kelvin expression below can be used
K= °C + 273
We were given T=3137 °C
= 3137 + 273= 3410K
✓To convert Celcius to Fahrenheit, expression below can be used
°F =(°C × 9/5) + 32
We were given T=3137 °C
°F= (3137 × 9/5) + 32
= 5646.6+32
=5678.6 °F
Describe how naturally
acidic rainwater can affect a
mountain of limestone.
Answer:
The naturally acidic rain will gradually wear the mountain of limestone away.
Hope it helps!
Look at sample problem 19.5 in the 8th ed Silberberg book. Write the ion-product expression at equilibrium for each compound: How to enter the correct answer: e.g. silver sulfate (Ag2SO4) enter this: {Ag+}2{SO42-} don't enter spaces, use square brackets [] not{}or () for concentration and don't worry about subscripting or superscripting
(1) magnesium carbonate
(2) calcium phosphate
(3) silver sulfide
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
The term ion product is an expression that does not necessarily reflect equilibrium conditions which can be used to determine the concentration of ions in a solution of the stated substance. As a matter of fact, the ion product is different from the solubility product which reflects equilibrium conditions.
The ion product of the following substances are shown below;
magnesium carbonate - MgCO3
MgCO3(aq) -------> [Mg^2+] [CO3^2-]
calcium phosphate - Ca3(PO4)2
Ca3(PO4)2(aq) --------> [Ca^2+]^3 [PO4^3-]^2
silver sulfide - Ag2S
Ag2S(aq) --------> [Ag^+]^2 [S^2-]
The hybridisation of the central atom in ICL-2
a) sp.
b) sp2
c) sp3d d)sp3
Explanation:
For ICl²-, the central iodine atom is bonded to the 2 chlorine atoms and has 3 lone electron pairs.
Altogether it has 5 electron domains, which means it is sp3d hybridized. (C)
is C2Br2 ionic or covalent
what is the fundamental building unit
Answer:
The basic building blocks that make up matter are called atoms.
I hope it's helpful!
A certain liquid X has a normal boiling point of 129.90°C and a boiling point elevation constant =Kb= 1.67°C·kgmol^−1. Calculate the boiling point of a solution made of 90.g of iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) dissolved in 650.g of X.
Answer:
Boiling T° of solution = 135.6°C
Explanation:
Formula for elevation boiling point is:
ΔT = Kb . m . i
ΔT = Boiling point of solution - Boiling point of pure solvent
Kb = Boiling point elevation constant
m = molality → moles of solute in 1kg of solvent
i = numbers of ions dissolved
FeCl₃ → Fe³⁺ + 3Cl⁻
In the dissociation of the ionic salt, we determined 4 moles of ions dissolved.
3 for chlorides and 1 for iron. Then i = 4
m → We convert the mass of solute to moles:
90 g . 1mol / 162.2g = 0.555 moles
650 g of solvent = 0.650 kg of solvent
m = 0.555 mol/0.650kg → 0.85
We replace data at formula
Boiling T° of solution - 129.90°C = 1.67°C . kg/mol . 0.85 mol/kg . 4
Boiling T° of solution = 1.67°C . kg/mol . 0.85 mol/kg . 4 + 129.90°C
Boiling T° of solution = 135.6°C
The breakdown of a certain pollutant X in sunlight is known to follow first-order kinetics. An atmospheric scientist studying the process fills a 20.0Lreaction flask with a sample of urban air and finds that the partial pressure of X in the flask decreases from 0.473atm to 0.376atm over 5.6hours.
Calculate the initial rate of decomposition of X, that is, the rate at which Xwas disappearing at the start of the experiment.
Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
Answer:
0.019 atm / hr
Explanation:
Initial Concentration (Pressure) [A]o = 0.473 atm
Final Concentration (Pressure) [A] = 0.376 atm
Time = 5.6 hours
The breakdown follows first order kinetics.
The integrated rate law for a first order reaction is given as;
ln[A] = ln[A]o - kt
ln(0.376) = ln(0.473) - k (5.6)
ln(0.376) - ln(0.473) = - 5.6 k
5.6 k = 0.23
k = 0.0411 hr⁻¹
The rate of decomposition is given as;
Rate = k [X]
Where [X] represents Concentration (Pressure) = 0.473 atm
Rate = 0.0411 * 0.473 = 0.019 atm / hr
qualitative test for formaldehyde
Answer:
The rapid qualitative analysis method comprises that a Schiff reagent and a strong acid solution with a certain concentration are prepared, a sample and the Schiff reagent undergo a reaction, a strong acid solution is added into the reaction product and formaldehyde in the sample can be detected according to solution
Explanation:
:)
1 mole = _____________________ _________________ particles
1 mole = 6.02 * 10^23 atoms
This is known as Avogadro's Number. This value is approximate.
Answer:
6.022×10^23
Explanation:
6.022×10^23 is known as avagadro's number or avagadro's constant
H.w. balance the following equations:
a) Iron + chlorine → Iron (iii) chloride
b) Nitrogen + hydrogen → Ammonia
c) Phosphoric acid + sodium carbonate → sodium phosphate + water + carbon dioxide
d) Nitrogen dioxide + water + oxygen → Nitric acid
Answer:
3iron + chlorine=iron3 chloride
nitrogen +3hydrogen
Answer:
a) Iron + chlorine → Iron (iii) chloride
3fe+cl__fe3cl
b) Nitrogen + hydrogen → Ammonia
2N+3h2------2NH3
c) Phosphoric acid + sodium carbonate → sodium phosphate + water + carbon dioxide
2H3PO3+3Na2CO3-----2Na3PO4+3H2O+3CO2
d) Nitrogen dioxide + water + oxygen → Nitric acid
NO2+H2O+O2--NOH
sorry if mistake
Jane is sitting in the family car. Her mother is driving her from their house to the library. Jane waves as she passes her friend Marina. Which of the following is not moving with respect to Jane?
A. Marina
B. The family car
C.The library
D. Jane’s house
Answer:
B) The family car
Explanation:
I hope this helps :)
All camels are basically similar in structure. They have developed adaptations for
coping with both heat and dehydration.
Which of the following does not benefit the camel as a means of preventing dehydration?
A. Camels can extract water from their solid wastes.
B. Camels’ ears are lined with fur to keep out sand and other blowing matter.
C. Their kidneys are capable of concentrating urine to reduce water loss.
D. Camels are able to locate water in any environment.
Answer:
B. Camels’ ears are lined with fur to keep out sand and other blowing matter.
Question 1
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelengths?
A. Infrared
B. Ultraviolet
C. Visible light
D. Radio waves
Electromagnetic radiation is the energy waves with various wavelengths. Ultraviolet rays have the shortest wavelength. Thus, option B is correct.
What is wavelength?A wavelength is a ratio of the velocity and the frequency as the distance between the crests is measured. The shortest wavelength haves the largest frequency.
Radio waves have the longest wavelength but the shortest frequency and similarly the gamma rays have the shortest wavelength. Ultraviolet rays come before the X-rays and the gamma rays have a short wavelength.
Therefore, option B. UV rays have the shortest wavelength.
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Mercury can be obtained by reacting mercury(II) sulfide with calcium oxide. How many grams of Mercury metal are produced when 2.11 g of calcium oxide reacts with excess mercury(II) sulfide?
4HgS+4CaO=4Hf+3CaS+CaSO4
a. 10.1 g
b. 1.80 g
c. 13.4 g
d. 7.56 g
Answer:
Option D. 7.56 g of Hg.
Explanation:
The balanced equation for the reaction is given below:
4HgS + 4CaO —> 4Hg + 3CaS + CaSO₄
Next, we shall determine the mass of CaO that reacted and the mass of Hg produced from the balanced equation. This is can be obtained as follow:
Molar mass of CaO = 40 + 16
= 56 g/mol
Mass of CaO from the balanced equation = 4 × 56 = 224 g
Molar mass of Hg = 200.59 g/mol
Mass of Hg from the balanced equation = 4 × 200.59 = 802.36 g
SUMMARY
From the balanced equation above,
224 g of CaO reacted to produce 802.36 g of Hg.
Finally, we shall determine the mass of Hg produced by the reaction of 2.11 g of CaO. This can be obtained as follow:
From the balanced equation above,
224 g of CaO reacted to produce 802.36 g of Hg.
Therefore, 2.11 g of CaO will react to produce = (2.11 × 802.36)/224 = 7.56 g of Hg.
Thus, 7.56 g of Hg were obtained from the reaction.
If you were to mass the reactants before the reaction and then mass the products after the reaction,what would you expect to find? Why? How is this related to balancing your equations?
Explanation:
What would you expect to find?
- The masses of the reactants would be equal to the masses of the product.
Why?
- This is due to the law of conservation of matter which states that matter is neither created nor destroyed in an isolated system but converted from one form to the other.
How is this related to balancing your equations?
- This is why during balancing of equations, we must ensure that the number of atoms in the reactant side must be equal to the number of atoms in the product side.
