The evolution of media forms can be traced from the earliest oral traditions to the latest digital era.
During the evolution of media forms, the environment and the media used have continued to change, adapting to the social and technological advancements of their time.Previous media environments, such as the print era, were characterised by a one-to-many communication model, where mass media corporations controlled the information that was disseminated to the masses. The control of the information led to a limited scope of discourse, and the masses had little to no input in the information that was being disseminated. In this era, communication was slow and could take several days to weeks before getting to its intended recipient.The digital era is different from the previous media environments in several ways. The communication model is no longer one-to-many but many-to-many, which means that anyone with an internet connection can disseminate information. The digital era has led to the democratisation of information and a more decentralised communication model. This has allowed for a more diverse scope of discourse and a broader spectrum of ideas to be discussed. The digital era has made communication faster and more efficient than previous media environments as information can be disseminated in real-time.The digital era has also led to the rise of social media platforms that have revolutionised the way people communicate. Social media platforms allow individuals to connect with each other from anywhere in the world, breaking down the geographical barriers that existed in previous media environments. Social media has also led to the rise of citizen journalism, where ordinary individuals can document and disseminate information that would have gone unnoticed in the past.
the digital era has revolutionized the way people communicate, allowing for a more democratic and decentralized communication model, breaking down geographical barriers and allowing for the democratization of information.
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According to the Job Characteristics Approach' of Job Design, a technician who has full authority to make all decisions has a high A Skills Significance B) Autonomy 1 Point Question 16 Jassim manages his team with a strong focus on goals and how to achieve them with maximum efficiency and effectiveness. According to Fred Fiedler Leadership Contingency Model, Jassim is a(n) leader. Task-oriented Behavior-oriented Relationship-oriented Skills Variety D Task Identity D) Affiliation-oriented
In the context of the Job Characteristics Approach, a technician with full authority to make all decisions demonstrates a high level of autonomy, which can promote employee empowerment, job satisfaction, and motivation.
According to the Job Characteristics Approach of Job Design, a technician who has full authority to make all decisions has a high level of Autonomy.
Autonomy refers to the degree of independence and discretion an employee has in carrying out their job tasks and making decisions related to their work. When a technician has full authority to make all decisions, it means they have a high level of autonomy in their job role. They have the freedom and responsibility to make decisions without constant supervision or approval from higher-level authorities.
Having high autonomy can be beneficial in several ways. It allows employees to exercise their skills and expertise, make decisions based on their knowledge and experience, and take ownership of their work. It promotes a sense of responsibility and empowerment, as employees have control over their job tasks and the ability to shape their work processes.
High autonomy can also contribute to increased job satisfaction and motivation, as employees feel trusted and valued when they are given the authority to make decisions. It can foster a sense of accountability and encourage employees to take initiative, be creative, and find innovative solutions to problems.
However, it's important to note that high autonomy should be balanced with adequate support, clear guidelines, and effective communication to ensure that decisions align with organizational objectives and policies. It should also consider the level of skills and expertise required to make informed decisions.
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A project is accepted when O Net present value is greater than zero O Any of the above O Internal Rate of Return will be greater than cost of capital O Profitability index will be greater than unity
"A project is accepted when O Net present value is greater than zero". There are various methods used in capital budgeting to decide whether to invest in a particular project or not. Some of the methods are the Net Present Value (NPV) method, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) method, Profitability Index (PI) method, and others.
The Net Present Value (NPV) method takes the present value of cash inflows and cash outflows from the investment project and subtracts the cash outflows from the cash inflows. This is the main method used in capital budgeting to decide whether a project is acceptable or not. If the Net Present Value is greater than zero, it is said that the project is acceptable. If it is less than zero, the project is not acceptable. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) method is the rate of return that makes the Net Present Value of an investment project zero. It is one of the most popular methods of capital budgeting used by the business community. The IRR method calculates the percentage return that can be achieved on the investment. If the IRR is greater than the cost of capital, it is said that the project is acceptable. If the IRR is less than the cost of capital, the project is not acceptable.The Profitability Index (PI) method calculates the present value of the future cash flows from the project divided by the initial investment in the project. If the Profitability Index is greater than one, the project is acceptable. If it is less than one, the project is not acceptable.Overall, the answer to the given question is "A project is accepted when O Net present value is greater than zero".
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a restaurant is considering offering a delivery option for its customers. they use data to forecast the demand for this service. this is an example of which problem type?
The scenario presented, where a restaurant uses data to forecast the demand for a delivery option, is an example of a demand forecasting problem.
Demand forecasting involves estimating future customer demand for a product or service based on historical data, market trends, and other relevant factors.
Demand forecasting is a common problem faced by businesses in various industries, including the food service industry. By accurately predicting the demand for a delivery option, the restaurant can make informed decisions regarding resource allocation, staffing, inventory management, and operational planning.
In this case, the restaurant collects and analyzes data to determine the potential demand for the delivery service. The data may include historical sales data, customer preferences, order patterns, demographic information, and market trends.
By examining this data, the restaurant aims to identify patterns, correlations, and factors that influence demand for delivery services.
Using techniques such as statistical analysis, time series forecasting, regression analysis, or machine learning algorithms, the restaurant can develop a demand forecast model.
This model leverages the available data to predict future demand levels, enabling the restaurant to make strategic decisions regarding the implementation of a delivery option.
By utilizing data-driven forecasting techniques, the restaurant can mitigate risks associated with demand uncertainty, optimize resource utilization, and align its operations with customer needs and preferences.
Overall, demand forecasting helps businesses make informed decisions to enhance efficiency, customer satisfaction, and profitability.
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Assume you are an investor and your considering making an investment via the equity-
crowdfunding platform Seedrs. Describe one governance issue that you are facing as
an investor and which is specific to Seedrs.
As an investor, you might face the following governance issues while considering making an investment via the equity-crowdfunding platform Seedrs:
One governance issue that an investor may face on Seedrs is that it can be difficult to track all of the investments that they have made and to remain updated on the overall health of the businesses in which they have invested.Investors may be unable to oversee the activities of the companies in which they invest on Seedrs because of the anonymity of the internet. Furthermore, these businesses are not required to offer any updates to their shareholders, resulting in a lack of communication and transparency. Seedrs offers an online marketplace, where the investors can buy shares from early-stage firms, hence, making it difficult to keep a track of all the investments. This lack of information can be a concern for investors because they are investing in the early stages of a business that can potentially fail.
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Paying taxes on stocks What It Means to Invest in Stocks? Common stock is considered to be one of the most popular investment vehicles for long-term wealth building. Investors earn income from common stock in the form of dividends and/or capital gains. As an investor it is important to understand the implications of investing in stocks from a tax perspective. Two years ago, Clancy purchased 100 shares of a particular company's stock at a price of $136.55 per share. Last year, Clancy recelved an annual dividend of $1.75 per share, and at the end of the year, a share of stock was trading at $140.76 per share. This year, Clancy received an annual dividend of $1.93 per share and afterward sold all 100 shares at a price of $150.97 per share. In the first column of the following table, enter the total annual dividends Clancy received eac h year, as well as the total capital gains at the end of each year Suppose Clancy is in the 35 % tax bracket. Compute the taxes Clancy pays each year on dividends and capital gains from this investment by completing the second column in the table. Calculating Taxes Owed on Clancy's Investment Taxes Owed Amount Year 1 Dividends: Capital Gains: Dividends: Year 2 Capital Gains: The total amount of investment income (pre taxes) that Clancy earned on this investment over the course of 2 years is $ The total amount that Clancy pays in taxes on income from this investment income is $ Save &Continue Grade It Now
To calculate the taxes owed on Clancy's investment, we need to consider the dividends and capital gains earned each year and apply the applicable tax rate of 35%. Let's complete the table:
Calculating Taxes Owed on Clancy's Investment
Year 1:
Dividends: $1.75 per share * 100 shares = $175
Capital Gains: ($140.76 per share - $136.55 per share) * 100 shares = $421
Dividends Tax: $175 * 0.35 = $61.25
Capital Gains Tax: $421 * 0.35 = $147.35
Year 2:
Dividends: $1.93 per share * 100 shares = $193
Capital Gains: ($150.97 per share - $140.76 per share) * 100 shares = $1,021
Dividends Tax: $193 * 0.35 = $67.55
Capital Gains Tax: $1,021 * 0.35 = $357.35
The total amount of investment income (pre taxes) that Clancy earned on this investment over the course of 2 years is $175 + $421 + $193 + $1,021 = $1,810.
The total amount that Clancy pays in taxes on income from this investment is $61.25 + $147.35 + $67.55 + $357.35 = $633.50.
Please note that tax calculations may vary depending on the specific tax laws and regulations in Clancy's jurisdiction. It is recommended to consult with a tax professional for accurate and personalized tax advice.
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You are exporting shell casings for small arms ammunition from the country of Wakanda to the country of Freedonia. The government of Wakanda may demand:
an end-use certificate.
a consular invoice.
an import licence.
a certificate of origin
When exporting shell casings for small arms ammunition from Wakanda to Freedonia, the government of Wakanda may require an end-use certificate and a certificate of origin.
An end-use certificate is a document typically issued by the importing country that confirms the intended purpose of the imported goods. In the case of shell casings for small arms ammunition, the end-use certificate would verify that the ammunition will be used for legitimate purposes and not for any illegal activities. This document helps to regulate the export of sensitive goods and prevent them from falling into the wrong hands.
A certificate of origin, on the other hand, is a document that certifies the country in which the exported goods were manufactured or produced. In this scenario, the certificate of origin would confirm that the shell casings for small arms ammunition originated from Wakanda. This document is important for customs purposes and can be used to determine any applicable tariffs or trade restrictions.
As for the other two documents mentioned, a consular invoice and an import license, they are not specifically mentioned as requirements by the government of Wakanda in this context. However, it is worth noting that different countries may have varying import regulations, and additional documentation may be required by the importing country, such as a consular invoice for customs clearance or an import license to ensure compliance with specific regulations. Therefore, it is always advisable to consult with the relevant authorities and follow the specific export and import requirements of both countries involved in the transaction.
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Please give an example of an industry life cycle using an actual real-life industry, please!
Industry life cycle refers to the stages that an industry goes through from the inception of its products and services to their withdrawal. The various stages of an industry life cycle are the introduction stage, the growth stage, the maturity stage, and the decline stage.
As such, here's an example of an industry life cycle using an actual real-life industry.Main answer:Example of an industry life cycle using a real-life industry.The smartphone industry is a classic example of an industry life cycle.1. Introduction stage: This is the phase when the industry is first introduced to the market. In the smartphone industry, it was characterized by the introduction of the first-ever smartphone in the world, the IBM Simon. This was followed by the Nokia Communicator, which was much more successful and helped in the growth of the industry.2. Growth stage: This is the phase when the industry experiences a rapid growth in sales and profits. During this phase, the smartphone industry grew rapidly, and many players entered the market, including Apple with its iPhone and Samsung with its Galaxy.3. Maturity stage: This is the phase when the industry experiences a slowdown in growth, and the competition becomes fierce. During this phase, the smartphone industry has become mature, and there are many players in the market. The market is now saturated, and companies are looking for new features to add to their products to differentiate themselves from their competitors.4. Decline stage:
This is the phase when the industry begins to experience a decline in sales and profits. Although the smartphone industry is yet to reach the decline stage, it is believed that the decline stage will occur in the future as new technologies emerge and change the way we communicate and access information.The smartphone industry life cycle is an example of how industries evolve over time. The industry went through the four phases of the industry life cycle. The industry started in the introduction phase with the launch of IBM Simon and Nokia Communicator. During the growth phase, it grew rapidly with the entry of new players such as Apple and Samsung. In the maturity phase, the market is now saturated, and companies are looking for new features to add to their products to differentiate themselves from their competitors. Finally, the decline phase is yet to occur, but it is anticipated that new technologies will emerge and change the way we communicate and access information.
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The moral hazards caused by the weak regulation of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae were: a. Individuals could obtain a higher interest rate for risk free investments. b. Non-existent as the Securities and Exchange Commission took over the regulation of both of them. c. Non-existent as Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae were both for profit institutions who disclosed their activities to the stock market. d. There was an implied government guarantee without any restriction on risk taking.
The moral hazards caused by the weak regulation of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae were that there was an implied government guarantee without any restriction on risk-taking, option d.
Freddie Mac (Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation) and Fannie Mae (Federal National Mortgage Association) are government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) that play a significant role in the United States mortgage market. While they are technically private companies, they have historically operated with an implied government guarantee, meaning that the government would step in to bail them out if they faced financial distress.
This implied government guarantee created moral hazards because it encouraged risk-taking behavior by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. Since the government was seen as a backstop, there was less incentive for these institutions to be cautious in their lending practices. They had the ability to take on higher levels of risk, which ultimately contributed to the 2008 financial crisis.
Additionally, the regulation of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae was considered weak during the period leading up to the financial crisis. The oversight of these institutions primarily fell under the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (OFHEO), which was criticized for its limited resources and inadequate regulatory framework. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) did not take over the regulation of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.
Therefore, the correct option is d. There was an implied government guarantee without any restriction on risk-taking.
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On July 1, 2021, Timmy Corp. purchased a building for $500,000. Depreciation estimated at $5,000 for the year and has not been recorded for 2021. What type of adjustment is needed at the fiscal year end December 31, 2021, and why?
Accrued expense. The company has used the building during the year and a portion of its historical cost needs to be allocated to expense
Deferred expense. The building has been used during the year and a portion of its historical cost is recorded as an expense
Deferred expense. The expense of using the building has not been recorded and the payment of depreciation expense is deferred to the next period.
Depreciation is only an estimate. No adjustment is needed.
Accrued expense. The purchase of the building needs to be recorded
The appropriate adjustment at the fiscal year end, december 31, 2021, is a deferred expense to record the depreciation expense that has not been previously recognized.
: deferred expense.
the expense of using the building has not been recorded, and the payment of depreciation expense is deferred to the next period.
at the fiscal year end, december 31, 2021, an adjustment is required to recognize the depreciation expense for the period. since the depreciation estimated at $5,000 for the year has not been recorded, it needs to be recognized as an expense on the income statement.
depreciation is a method used to allocate the cost of a long-term asset (in this case, the building) over its useful life. by recognizing depreciation expense, the company reflects the gradual wear and tear, obsolescence, or decrease in value of the asset over time.
in this scenario, since the company has used the building throughout the year, a portion of its historical cost needs to be allocated as an expense for the period. by making the adjustment for depreciation expense, the company ensures that its financial statements accurately reflect the cost of using the building during the fiscal year.
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Develop a list of questions that a prospective franchisee should
ask the franchisor and existing franchisees before deciding to
invest in the franchises described here.
The prospective franchisee should invest in the franchises described here, and the following questions should be asked: How much will it cost to start the franchise?
What kind of training and support does the franchise offer? What is the expected return on investment? What is the franchisor's reputation in the industry? What is the length of the franchise agreement? What are the terms of renewal or termination of the agreement? What is the franchisee's role in marketing and advertising? What is the availability of financing or financing assistance from the franchisor? What kind of ongoing support does the franchise offer in terms of operations, management, and marketing?
What is the franchisor's policy on opening additional units in the franchisee's territory?In conclusion, a prospective franchisee should invest in a franchise only after answering all the relevant questions such as the cost of starting, the training and support, expected return on investment, franchisor's reputation, length of the franchise agreement, terms of renewal or termination, franchisee's role in marketing and advertising, availability of financing, ongoing support in terms of operations, management and marketing, and franchisor's policy on opening additional units in the franchisee's territory.
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Zwick Company bought 24,000 shares of the voting common stock of Handy Corporation in January 2021. In December, Handy announced $204,300 net income for 2021 and declared and paid a cash dividend of $4.00 petshare on all 209,000 shares of its outstanding common stock. Zwick Company's dividend revenue from Handy Corporation in December 2021 would be: $0. $23.460. $96,000. None of the above.
Zwick Company's dividend revenue from Handy Corporation in December 2021 would be $96,000.
Zwick Company bought 24,000 shares of the voting common stock of Handy Corporation in January 2021.
In December, Handy announced $204,300 net income for 2021 and declared and paid a cash dividend of $4.00 petshare on all 209,000 shares of its outstanding common stock.
We need to calculate Zwick Company's dividend revenue from Handy Corporation in December 2021.Dividend revenue: It is the revenue earned by the shareholders from their investments in a company.
The number of shares bought by Zwick Company = 24,000
The total number of shares of Handy Corporation = 209,000
As Handy Corporation declared and paid a cash dividend of $4.00 per share, the dividend revenue of Zwick Company in December 2021 can be calculated as follows:
Dividend revenue = Total number of shares * dividend per share
Dividend revenue = 24,000 * $4.00
Dividend revenue = $96,000
Therefore, Zwick Company's dividend revenue from Handy Corporation in December 2021 would be $96,000.
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SunSun Bhd is a listed company on Bursa Malaysia. On 1 January 2021, the entity granted 30 share options to each of its 100 employees and the fair value of the options was RM1.5. These will vest if the employees still work for the entity on 31 December 2023.The share price on 31 December 2021 was RM2. Ten employees left during the year ended 31 December 2021 and a further ten are expected to leave in the following year. The directors were saying not to recognise the share options as it did not meet the definition of expense in accordance of conceptual framework.
a. Critically evaluate the accounting treatment of the share options for the year ended 31 December 2021.
The share options granted by SunSun Bhd to its employees in 2021 should be recognized as an expense based on their fair value. This is in accordance with the conceptual framework, as the options meet the definition of expenses and reflect a cost incurred by the entity.
The accounting treatment of the share options for the year ended 31 December 2021 should be evaluated based on the relevant accounting standards and conceptual framework.
In this case, the options were granted to employees as a form of compensation, and their fair value was determined to be RM1.5 per option.
The options will vest if the employees are still employed on 31 December 2023.
Under the conceptual framework, expenses are defined as decreases in economic benefits during the accounting period that result in a decrease in equity, other than those relating to distributions to equity holders.
Compensation expense is a common type of expense, and share options granted to employees are a form of compensation.
Considering that the fair value of the options granted is RM1.5 per option and the share price on 31 December 2021 is RM2, it indicates that there is an intrinsic value in the share options at the end of the year.
Therefore, it would be appropriate to recognize an expense for the options granted during the year ended 31 December 2021.
Furthermore, the fact that ten employees left during the year suggests that the entity has already incurred a cost related to the share options, as those options were granted but will not vest due to employee departures.
This reinforces the need for recognition of an expense in accordance with the principle of matching costs with revenues or benefits.
In conclusion, the accounting treatment of the share options for the year ended 31 December 2021 should involve recognizing an expense based on the fair value of the options granted, as it meets the definition of an expense in accordance with the conceptual framework.
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Create an Executive Summary,
Develop a marketing business plan for a healthcare organization
I chose St Jude Research Hospital Phase I: Executive Summary
• Try to make the product or service as original as possible
This marketing business plan outlines the strategies and initiatives for promoting the services of St. Jude Research Hospital, a leading healthcare organization dedicated to pediatric cancer research and treatment.
The goal of this plan is to enhance brand visibility, attract more patients, and increase community engagement. St. Jude Research Hospital is renowned for its groundbreaking research and compassionate care for children battling cancer and other life-threatening diseases. Our mission is to provide the highest quality medical services while ensuring that no child or family incurs any financial burden during treatment.
Key Objectives;
Brand Awareness: Increase public awareness about St. Jude Research Hospital and its mission to ensure that every child receives the best possible care, regardless of their family's financial situation. Implement a comprehensive marketing campaign across various channels to reach the target audience.
Community Engagement; Strengthen relationships with the local community by actively participating in health fairs, fundraising events, and educational programs. Collaborate with local schools, organizations, and businesses to create awareness about pediatric cancer and raise funds for research and treatment.
Partnerships and Collaborations: Forge strategic partnerships with other healthcare providers, research institutions, and philanthropic organizations to further advance pediatric cancer research and treatment. Leverage these collaborations to amplify the hospital's impact and attract additional resources for ongoing projects.
Financial Projections;
The marketing budget for the upcoming year is allocated to support the outlined objectives. The expected return on investment will be measured through metrics such as increased patient admissions, improved brand recognition, and higher community engagement. Revenue growth will be monitored and analyzed to ensure the long-term sustainability of the organization.
Conclusion;
This marketing business plan for St. Jude Research Hospital aims to position the organization as a leader in pediatric cancer research and treatment. By implementing the outlined strategies, we will increase brand awareness, attract more patients, and engage with the community. Through these efforts, St. Jude Research Hospital will continue its mission of saving children's lives and advancing the fight against pediatric cancer.
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A sold goods to B for $. 1,000. A drew a bill of exchange for $. 1,000 on B and the bill was duly accepted by B and returned to A. Pass necessary entries in the books of A and B in the following cases. Case 1: On the due date the bill was honoured. Case 2: on the due date the bill was dishonoured. Case 3: A discounts the bill with his banker for $. 980 and on the due date the bill was (a) honoured, (b) dishonoured and the banker has paid a noting charge of $ 10.
In all three cases, the entries in the books of A reflect the sale and the financial impact of the bill of exchange. The entries in the books of B reflect the acceptance of the bill and the resulting liability to A. The specific adjustments in each case depend on whether the bill was honored or dishonored and whether it was discounted with the banker.
Case 1:
In the books of A:
Accounts Receivable (B) $1,000
Sales $1,000
In the books of B:
Acceptances Payable (A) $1,000
Accounts Payable $1,000
In case 1, the bill of exchange was honored on the due date. In A's books, the sale is recognized, and the account receivable from B is debited, while sales revenue is credited. In B's books, the acceptance payable to A is debited, and the accounts payable to A is credited, reflecting the payment made on the due date.
Case 2:
In the books of A:
Accounts Receivable (B) $1,000
Sales $1,000
In the books of B:
Acceptances Payable (A) $1,000
Accounts Payable $1,000
In case 2, the bill of exchange was dishonored on the due date. The journal entries in the books of A and B remain the same as in case 1 since the acceptance was returned to A without payment.
Case 3:
(a) In the books of A:
Bank $980
Discount on Acceptances $20
Accounts Receivable (B) $1,000
In case 3(a), A discounts the bill with his banker for $980, which is the discounted value of the bill. A receives immediate payment from the banker and debits the bank account. The discount on acceptances is an expense for A, and the accounts receivable from B is credited for the discounted amount.
(b) In the books of A:
Bank $10
Noting Charges $10
Accounts Receivable (B) $1,000
In case 3(b), the bill of exchange was dishonored by B, and the banker paid a noting charge of $10. A receives payment for the noting charges from the banker and debits the bank account. The noting charges are recorded as an expense. The accounts receivable from B remains outstanding.
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Bonus Question: What is the Jensen alpha of a portfolio comprised of 50% Portfolio A and 50% Portfolio B? Hint: The beta of a portfolio is a weighted average of the betas invested in.
Portfolio A: Average return: 18.9% Standard Deviation: 21.6% Beta: 1.92 Portfolio B: Average return: 13.2% Standard Deviation: 12.8% Beta: 1.27 Risk free: 3.1 Market: 9.9 O.47% O 2.07% O -1.25% O 1.08% O 01.46%
The Jensen alpha of the portfolio comprised of 50% Portfolio A and 50% Portfolio B is approximately 2.07%.
To calculate the Jensen alpha of a portfolio, we need the portfolio's average return, risk-free rate, and the portfolio's beta.
Given:
Portfolio A:
Average return: 18.9%
Beta: 1.92
Portfolio B:
Average return: 13.2%
Beta: 1.27
Risk-free rate: 3.1%
First, we calculate the expected market return by adding the risk-free rate to the market return:
Expected Market Return = Risk-free Rate + Market Return
Expected Market Return = 3.1% + 9.9% = 13%
Next, we calculate the expected return of the portfolio by taking a weighted average of the individual portfolio returns:
Expected Portfolio Return = (Weight of Portfolio A * Average Return of A) + (Weight of Portfolio B * Average Return of B)
Expected Portfolio Return = (0.5 * 18.9%) + (0.5 * 13.2%)
Expected Portfolio Return = 16.05%
Now, we calculate the expected excess return of the portfolio by subtracting the risk-free rate from the expected portfolio return:
Expected Excess Return = Expected Portfolio Return - Risk-free Rate
Expected Excess Return = 16.05% - 3.1%
Expected Excess Return = 12.95%
Finally, we calculate the Jensen alpha by subtracting the product of the portfolio's beta and the expected excess return from the portfolio's average return:
Jensen Alpha = Average Return - (Beta * Expected Excess Return)
Jensen Alpha = 16.05% - (0.5 * 1.92 * 12.95%)
Jensen Alpha ≈ 2.07%
Therefore, the Jensen alpha of the portfolio comprised of 50% Portfolio A and 50% Portfolio B is approximately 2.07%.
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Case: you are finance director with responsibility for
designing effective control systems.
Provide all steps in reaching this goal
As a finance director, designing effective control systems involves establishing control objectives, developing control systems, implementing them, monitoring their effectiveness, and continuously improving them.
As a finance director, if you're responsible for designing effective control systems, there are several steps to be taken to achieve that.
The steps are as follows:
Step 1: Establish control objectivesThe establishment of control objectives is the first step in creating a control system. This is important because objectives establish the criteria for success. This indicates what management wants to achieve and what the control system should do to achieve that.
Step 2: Develop Control SystemsOnce the objectives have been set, the next step is to develop control systems. Control systems are designed to monitor a specific activity, process, or procedure. When developing a control system, management must determine what needs to be monitored and how it will be monitored. Developing a control system involves creating a plan that outlines how the control system will be implemented and how it will operate.
Step 3: Implement Control SystemsAfter developing the control system, the next step is to implement it. This involves putting the control system into operation and making it functional. This means assigning roles and responsibilities, training employees, and ensuring that the control system is being used as intended.
Step 4: Monitor Control SystemsThe fourth step is to monitor the control systems. This involves measuring the effectiveness of the control system and evaluating whether it's achieving the objectives that were set in the first step. Monitoring involves analyzing data, reviewing reports, and making adjustments to the control system if needed.
Step 5: Improve Control SystemsThe final step is to improve the control system. This involves making adjustments to the control system to ensure it continues to meet the objectives that were set in step one. It also involves identifying areas of the control system that need improvement and making changes to address those areas. Improvements are an ongoing process and are important to ensure the control system remains effective.
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Question 3 a) Why do nations engage in international business? That is, what are the benefits of international trade and investment? b) How can firms show corporate social responsibility in emerging markets and developing economies? Question 4 a) What are the specific characteristics of democracy? How do these characteristics facilitate international business? b) What is the role of FDI, licensing and joint ventures in reducing the impact of import tariffs?
a) Nations engage in international business for various reasons, including accessing new markets and customers, obtaining resources and raw materials. b) Firms can demonstrate corporate social responsibility in emerging markets and developing economies by promoting sustainable practices.
a) Nations engage in international business to capitalize on the benefits it offers. International trade allows countries to access new markets and customers, expanding their customer base and boosting sales. It also enables them to obtain resources and raw materials that may not be available domestically.
b) Firms can exhibit corporate social responsibility (CSR) in emerging markets and developing economies by adopting sustainable practices and ethical business conduct. They can promote environmental conservation, such as minimizing waste and carbon emissions, and invest in renewable energy sources. Respecting human rights, including fair labor practices and safe working conditions, is crucial.
a) Democracy encompasses characteristics such as political participation, freedom of speech, rule of law, transparency, and accountability. These characteristics facilitate international business by providing a stable and predictable environment for investments. Political participation and freedom of speech allow citizens to express their views and participate in policy-making processes, promoting a conducive business climate.
b) Foreign direct investment (FDI), licensing, and joint ventures play a role in reducing the impact of import tariffs. FDI involves establishing operations in a foreign country, allowing firms to produce goods locally and avoid import tariffs. By setting up production facilities or subsidiaries, firms can bypass import restrictions and potentially enjoy lower production costs.
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Suppose the inverse demand curve on ore is given by P = 77 -0.15 Q. Ore can be either mined or obtained through a recycling program. The marginal cost of mining is MC1 = 991. The marginal cost of obtaining ore through recycling is MC₂ = 17 + 2 92. What percent of total demand is satisfied by recycled ore (express your answer in percentage, i.e., if the answer is 45.34% then enter 45.34)?
To calculate the percentage of total demand satisfied by recycled ore, we need more information about the quantities of ore mined and obtained through recycling. Without this information, we cannot provide a specific answer.
To determine the percentage of total demand satisfied by recycled ore, we need to compare the quantities of ore obtained through recycling to the total quantity demanded. However, the quantities of ore mined and obtained through recycling are not given in the question. Without these values, we cannot calculate the exact percentage.
To calculate the percentage, we would need to find the equilibrium quantity where the quantity demanded equals the sum of the quantity mined and obtained through recycling. From there, we can compare the quantity obtained through recycling to the total quantity demanded and express it as a percentage.
Without the specific quantities of ore mined and obtained through recycling, we cannot calculate the percentage of total demand satisfied by recycled ore. More information is needed to perform the calculation accurately.
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When asked by the prospective buyer about any aspect which relates to the property, the seller’s agent:
When asked by the prospective buyer about any aspect which relates to the property, the seller’s agent must answer truthfully and to the best of his or her knowledge, as this is his or her legal obligation.
It is the seller’s agent's responsibility to communicate honestly and in good faith with the buyer.In any event, the seller’s agent is not required to conduct an independent investigation of the property unless he or she has knowledge of an issue and is obligated to disclose it. If the buyer requests information that the seller’s agent does not have, the agent must respond truthfully and inform the buyer that they do not have the requested information or knowledge.The agent, on the other hand, is not permitted to provide a legal or professional opinion, such as the fair market value of the property, whether the property complies with zoning laws, or whether the property is suitable for a specific purpose, unless he or she is legally authorized to do so or holds a valid license.
It's important to note that the agent represents the seller, and not the buyer, in a transaction. Therefore, it is the agent's responsibility to promote the seller's interests while being honest with the buyer about any known property problems.
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You have been assigned to a project to work with eight employees from different branches across Malaysia. The project is to create a web application for expense and claim submission by sales personnel. Propose two essential functions that should be available in the new expense and claim submission system. Identify three collaboration tools that are available to help the team work together. Select one of the collaboration tools which you think will be the most helpful for the project and explain the reasons for your selection.
As per the given scenario, the project is to create a web application for expense and claim submission by sales personnel.
Hence, the two essential functions that should be available in the new expense and claim submission system are mentioned below:
1. Secure Login: One of the most essential features of the expense and claim submission system should be secure login access. A login page with strong authentication measures like two-factor authentication, password expiration, and password strength should be in place to ensure the security of the system and the data stored in it.
2. Expense and Claim Submission: The second most essential feature of the expense and claim submission system is the ability to submit expenses and claims. This feature should allow the sales personnel to create and submit expense reports easily and accurately. The system should also allow the employees to attach receipts, enter expenses in multiple currencies, and set limits.
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What are three factors that are the most important in the creation of an organization's culture? • Founder Preferences • Geographic Locations • Target Consumers • Founder Values • Industry Demands • Product Offerings
Three factors that are most important in the creation of an organization's culture are founder values, industry demands, and target consumers. Founder preferences, geographic locations, and product offerings also play a role but to a lesser extent.
The values held by the organization's founders have a significant impact on shaping its culture. The beliefs, attitudes, and principles of the founders influence the overall mission, vision, and core values of the organization. These values set the tone for employee behavior, decision-making processes, and the overall work environment.
Industry demands also contribute to the creation of an organization's culture. Different industries have their own unique characteristics, expectations, and norms.
Target consumers also influence an organization's culture. Understanding the needs, preferences, and expectations of the target consumers helps shape the organization's approach to customer service, product development, and marketing strategies.
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Glenmark has a debt equity ratio of 0.15 and its WACC is 12.74% with a tax rate of 45%. Calculate its after tax cost of debt if the cost of equity is 14% how your answers in percentage and do est include the percentage symbol)
The after-tax cost of debt for Glenmark is 6.69%.The after-tax cost of debt for Glenmark is 34.81% (rounded to two decimal places).
To calculate the after-tax cost of debt, we need to consider the tax shield provided by interest expense. The formula for calculating the after-tax cost of debt is:
After-tax cost of debt = Pre-tax cost of debt × (1 - Tax rate)
Debt equity ratio = 0.15
WACC = 12.74% (which is the weighted average cost of capital)
Tax rate = 45%
Cost of equity = 14%
we need to calculate the cost of debt using the WACC formula, which incorporates the cost of equity and the cost of debt:
WACC = (Cost of equity × Equity weight) + (Cost of debt × Debt weight)
Since the debt equity ratio is given as 0.15, the equity weight can be calculated as:
Equity weight = 1 / (1 + Debt equity ratio)
= 1 / (1 + 0.15)
= 0.8696
Similarly, the debt weight can be calculated as:
Debt weight = Debt equity ratio / (1 + Debt equity ratio)
= 0.15 / (1 + 0.15)
= 0.1304
Using the WACC formula, we can rearrange it to solve for the cost of debt:
Cost of debt = (WACC - (Cost of equity × Equity weight)) / Debt weight
Plugging in the values:
Cost of debt = (0.1274 - (0.14 × 0.8696)) / 0.1304
= 0.0826 / 0.1304
= 0.6329
we can calculate the after-tax cost of debt by applying the tax rate:
After-tax cost of debt = Cost of debt × (1 - Tax rate)
= 0.6329 × (1 - 0.45)
= 0.6329 × 0.55
= 0.3481
After-tax cost of debt = 0.3481 × 100% = 34.81%
The after-tax cost of debt for Glenmark is 34.81% (rounded to two decimal places).
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Required Information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below] Global Marine obtained a charter from the state in January that authorized 1,000,000 shares of common stock, $5 par value. During the first year, the company eamed $340,000 of net income and declared no dividends; the following selected transactions occurred in the order giver PAPP a. Issued 110.000 shares of the common stock at $49 cash per share. b. Reacquired 19,000 shares at $44 cash per share. c Reissued 7000 shares from treasury for $45 per share d Reissued 7,000 shares from treasury for $43 per share. Required: 1. Indicate the account, amount, and direction of the effect on above transaction (Enter any decreases to Assets, Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity with a minus sign.)
a. Cash and Common Stock are increased by $5,390,000.
b. Treasury Stock is increased while Cash is decreased by $836,000.
c. Cash is increased and Treasury Stock is decreased by an amount of $315,000.
d. Cash is increased and Treasury Stock is decreased by an amount of $301,000.
1. The account, amount, and direction of the effect on above transaction:
a. Issued 110,000 shares of the common stock at $49 cash per share.
Accounts - Cash, Common Stock
Effect - Cash (increase) and Common Stock (increase)
Amount - $5,390,000 ($49 x 110,000)
Direction - Both accounts are increased.
b. Reacquired 19,000 shares at $44 cash per share.
Accounts - Treasury Stock, Cash
Effect - Treasury Stock (increase) and Cash (decrease)
Amount - ($836,000) ($44 x 19,000)
Direction - Treasury Stock is increased and Cash is decreased.
c. Reissued 7,000 shares from treasury for $45 per share.
Accounts - Cash, Treasury Stock
Effect - Cash (increase) and Treasury Stock (decrease)
Amount - $315,000 ($45 x 7,000)
Direction - Cash is increased and Treasury Stock is decreased.
d. Reissued 7,000 shares from treasury for $43 per share.
Accounts - Cash, Treasury Stock
Effect - Cash (increase) and Treasury Stock (decrease)
Amount - $301,000 ($43 x 7,000)
Direction - Cash is increased and Treasury Stock is decreased.
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Appraise an appropriate project and analyse the core values of
Total quality management (TQM) that can be used to ensure
that the project delivers with high quality.
An appropriate project for the purpose of this analysis would be the implementation of a new customer relationship management (CRM) system for a company.
This project involves developing and deploying a software solution that centralizes customer data, streamlines communication, and enhances overall customer experience. To ensure high-quality delivery, the core values of Total Quality Management (TQM) can be applied.
1. Customer Focus: TQM emphasizes putting the customer at the center of all activities. In the CRM project, this means understanding customer requirements, expectations, and feedback throughout the development and implementation stages. Regular engagement with customers and incorporating their feedback helps ensure that the CRM system is aligned with their needs and delivers a high-quality user experience.
2. Continuous Improvement: TQM promotes an ongoing commitment to improving processes, products, and services. In the CRM project, continuous improvement can be achieved through iterative development, regular testing, and feedback loops. By continuously identifying and addressing areas for improvement, the project team can refine the CRM system, enhance its functionality, and ensure it meets high-quality standards.
3. Employee Empowerment: TQM recognizes the importance of involving employees at all levels in decision-making and process improvement. In the CRM project, empowering the project team members and involving them in decision-making fosters a sense of ownership and accountability. It allows them to contribute their expertise, identify potential quality issues, and propose innovative solutions, ultimately leading to a high-quality CRM system.
4. Process Orientation: TQM emphasizes the importance of well-defined and efficient processes. In the CRM project, having clearly defined project management methodologies, development processes, and quality assurance procedures ensures consistency and quality throughout the project lifecycle. Adhering to these processes enables effective project planning, risk management, and quality control.
5. Leadership Commitment: TQM requires leadership commitment to quality and a supportive environment. In the CRM project, project leaders and stakeholders must demonstrate a strong commitment to quality by setting clear quality objectives, providing necessary resources, and fostering a culture of quality. Their involvement and support ensure that quality remains a top priority throughout the project.
By applying these core values of TQM in the CRM project, the project team can ensure that the new CRM system is developed and delivered with high quality, meeting customer needs and driving overall organizational success.
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annual dividends of atta corporate grew from $0.96 in 2005 to $1.26 in 2017. what was the annual growth rate?
If the annual dividends of Atta Corporate grew from $0.96 in 2005 to $1.26 in 2017, the annual growth rate was 3.46%.
Given that the annual dividends of Atta Corporation grew from $0.96 in 2005 to $1.26 in 2017, we need to find the annual growth rate. There are various methods to calculate the annual growth rate, but one of the easiest is the CAGR method.
CAGR stands for Compound Annual Growth Rate, and it is a measure of the average annual growth rate of an investment or a company over a specific period of time. To calculate CAGR, we need the starting value, the ending value, and the number of years in between the starting and ending values.
CAGR is calculated using the following formula:
CAGR = (Ending value/Beginning value)^(1/Number of years) - 1
Here, the beginning value is the dividend per share in 2005, which is $0.96.
The ending value is the dividend per share in 2017, which is $1.26. And the number of years is 12 (from 2005 to 2017). Putting these values into the formula, we get:
CAGR = ($1.26/$0.96)^(1/12) - 1
Simplifying the expression, we get:
CAGR = 0.0346
Therefore, the annual growth rate of Atta Corporation's dividends was approximately 3.46%.
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Discuss some of the protected characteristics covered by equal employment opportunity laws. How can companies avoid discrimination related to these protected characteristics?
Please make sure to provide support for your responses using material from the textbook and/or research. When borrowing material from other sources, please make sure to provide citations in APA format.
Equal employment opportunity (EEO) laws aim to prevent discriminatory practices in the workplace and ensure that all individuals receive fair treatment during the hiring and employment process.
These laws protect individuals from discrimination based on several protected characteristics. Protected characteristics covered by EEO laws include: Race, Color, and National OriginTitle VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, colour, and national origin. It is illegal to discriminate against an employee because of their race, colour, or national origin or to treat them differently because of their physical or cultural characteristics.
Sex discrimination is prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This includes discrimination based on pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. Women are also protected from discrimination regarding their pay rates and benefits based on sex. Religion Title VII also prohibits religious discrimination in the workplace. Employers are prohibited from discriminating against individuals based on their religion or religious beliefs.
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) prohibits discrimination against individuals 40 years of age or older. This law applies to all employers with 20 or more employees. Disability The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits employers from discriminating against individuals with disabilities. Employers are required to provide reasonable accommodations to allow individuals with disabilities to perform their jobs.
Employers can avoid discrimination related to these protected characteristics by implementing several strategies. Companies should develop clear policies that prohibit discrimination and provide training for all employees, including managers and supervisors. They should also establish a process for reporting and investigating discrimination claims. Employers should make sure that their hiring processes are fair and that all job requirements are necessary for the job.
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Question 3 Which one of the below meetings is not defined in scrum? a. Sprint retrospective meeting b. Backlog review meeting c. Sprint review meeting d. Sprint planning
The meeting which is not defined in Scrum is the Backlog review meeting.(B) The Scrum framework contains specific events, roles, and artifacts that make up its operating system.
Scrum events are time-boxed events that are essential in keeping the team focused on the current sprint goal. The four Scrum events are: Sprint Planning MeetingSprint planning is a time-boxed meeting that lasts eight hours or less for a month-long sprint. The team comes together to plan and align on the sprint goal, select items from the backlog, and plan how to complete the work in the sprint. Daily Scrum MeetingThe Daily Scrum is a time-boxed meeting that lasts for 15 minutes and occurs every day of the sprint. The team comes together to plan the next 24 hours and identify any blockers. Sprint Review MeetingThe Sprint Review is a time-boxed meeting that lasts four hours or less for a one-month sprint. It's an opportunity for the team to show the work they've done in the sprint and receive feedback.
Sprint Retrospective MeetingThe Sprint Retrospective is a time-boxed meeting that lasts for three hours or less for a one-month sprint. The team reflects on the last sprint and identifies improvements to apply to the next sprint. Thus, the Backlog review meeting is not defined in Scrum.
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The _________ of an ad serves to inform, persuade, and stimulate buying action.
A. body copy B. headline C. illustration D. signature
Answer:
The answer is A. body copy
Al Bakara company report the following results for its calendar year December 31,2021 Cash sales 310,000 Credit sales 220,000 Account receivable 44,000 (debit) Account payable 78,000 (credit) Allowances for doubtful accounts 7,000 (debit) The company bad debts estimated to be 2% of annual total sale Required: 1- Prepare the adjusting entry to record the estimated bad debt. Answer in the following format [Note: This is just an example and is not related to the question] Jan 1 Dr. Cash 120 Cr. Owner capital 120 2- Show how Accounts Receivable and the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts appear on Al Bakara company December 31 balance sheet.
The Accounts Receivable is reported at its original amount of $44,000, while the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is presented as a separate line item with a balance of $10,600.
To prepare the adjusting entry to record the estimated bad debt for Al Bakara company, we need to calculate the amount of bad debt based on the 2% estimate of total sales.
Calculating the estimated bad debt:
Total sales = Cash sales + Credit sales
Total sales = $310,000 + $220,000 = $530,000
Estimated bad debt = 2% of total sales
Estimated bad debt = 0.02 * $530,000 = $10,600
Adjusting entry:
Dec 31 Dr. Bad Debt Expense $10,600
Cr. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $10,600
This entry recognizes the estimated bad debt expense and increases the allowance for doubtful accounts by the same amount.
Balance sheet presentation:
On Al Bakara company's December 31 balance sheet, Accounts Receivable and the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts would appear as follows:
Assets:
Accounts Receivable $44,000 (debit)
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $10,600 (debit)
Liabilities and Equity:
Account Payable $78,000 (credit)
The Accounts Receivable is reported at its original amount of $44,000, while the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is presented as a separate line item with a balance of $10,600. This allowance represents the estimated amount of accounts receivable that is expected to become uncollectible.
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Safeville City is about to renegotiate its contract with the collective bargaining unit representing its local police force. The major issue up for renegotiation is salary levels. The union is using a survey of cities of comparable size in Safeville's three-state region. The city council has decided to use comparison salaries only from organizations and corporations within a 100-mile radius as nearly 100 percent of Safeville's existing police force resides within the area.
What are the pros and cons of the approaches taken by the city council and police union?
The approaches taken by the city council and the police union to the renegotiation of Safeville City's contract with the collective bargaining unit representing its local police force have pros and cons.
The pros of the approach taken by the city council to use comparison salaries only from organizations and corporations within a 100-mile radius are that:
it ensures a fair salary increase or decrease for the police officers based on the cost of living within the area.
It also helps to avoid discrepancies in salary levels in different locations that would occur if a survey was done using cities of comparable size in Safeville's three-state region.
The cons of the approach taken by the city council to use comparison salaries only from organizations and corporations within a 100-mile radius are that:
the cost of living within 100 miles may not accurately reflect the cost of living in Safeville City.
It could also lead to less competitive salaries if organizations and corporations within a 100-mile radius have lower salaries than those of cities of comparable size in Safeville's three-state region.
On the other hand, the pros of the approach taken by the police union to use a survey of cities of comparable size in Safeville's three-state region are that it ensures that police officers are paid at a competitive rate based on cities of comparable size in Safeville's three-state region. This would help to attract and retain qualified officers who would not be discouraged by low salaries.
The cons of the approach taken by the police union to use a survey of cities of comparable size in Safeville's three-state region are that it could result in less accurate salary rates if the cost of living in these comparable cities is different from that of Safeville City. Also, it could lead to disparities in salary rates in different locations if the survey does not take into account the cost of living in each of these cities.
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