The answer is (a) $1.00, indicating that there is no arbitrage opportunity as the difference between the gains earned from the call options and the put-call parity is $1 and not greater than zero.
To determine if there is an arbitrage opportunity, we can use the put-call parity formula for European options:
C - P = S - K * e^(-r*t)
where C is the call price, P is the put price, S is the stock price, K is the strike price, r is the risk-free interest rate, and t is the time to expiration.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
5 - P = 94 - 97 * e^(-0.03*0.25)
P = 2.98
The put option is trading at $2.98.
Now let's compare the prices of the two call options:
Call option with strike price of $97 is trading at $5
Call option with strike price of $100 is trading at $1
If we buy one unit of the $97 call option and sell one unit of the $100 call option, we would pay a net cost of $4 ($5 - $1). This is equivalent to buying the stock for $94 and selling it for $97, which yields a profit of $3. Since we are paying a net cost of $4 to make a profit of $3, this gives us a negative arbitrage gain of $1.
Therefore, the answer is (a) $1.00, indicating that there is no arbitrage opportunity as the difference between the gains earned from the call options and the put-call parity is $1 and not greater than zero.
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A company must decide if it will make or buy an item it needs. The company can make the item for $10 per unit. but must invest $15,000 in tooling to do so. An outside firm has quoted a total price of $12 per unit to supply the quantity required (assume their fixed costs are included in the quoted price). Which alternative should be selected if annual requirements are 5.000 units? a. Make
b. Buy
c. Either Make or Buy. costs are the same for either option at 5.000 units d.Can't be determined with information given
To determine whether the company should make or buy the item, we need to compare the costs of each option. Let's calculate the costs for each alternative:
Make:
The cost to make the item is $10 per unit, and the annual requirements are 5,000 units. Therefore, the total cost to make the item would be:
Total cost to make = Cost per unit * Annual requirements = $10 * 5,000 = $50,000
Buy:
The outside firm has quoted a total price of $12 per unit, and the annual requirements are 5,000 units. Therefore, the total cost to buy the item would be:
Total cost to buy = Cost per unit * Annual requirements = $12 * 5,000 = $60,000
Based on the calculations, we can see that the cost to make the item is $50,000, while the cost to buy the item is $60,000. In this case, the company should choose the "Make" option since it has a lower cost compared to buying the item.
It's important to note that the analysis is based solely on cost considerations, assuming no other factors such as quality, lead time, or capacity constraints. Additionally, the decision may vary if the annual requirements change or if there are other qualitative factors to consider.
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Based on the given information, the company should choose to buy the item.
The cost of making the item internally would be $10 per unit, including the investment of $15,000 in tooling. However, an outside firm has quoted a total price of $12 per unit, which is lower than the cost of making it internally. Since the quoted price includes the supplier's fixed costs, it is more cost-effective for the company to purchase the item externally.
The decision to buy becomes the preferred option because it offers a lower cost per unit compared to making the item internally. By outsourcing the production, the company can save $2 per unit, resulting in overall cost savings. Given the annual requirement of 5,000 units, buying from the outside firm would be the most economical choice.
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Venus Inc. has decided to acquire a 75-seat regional jet from an airplane manufacturer. The jet has an initial purchase price of $10,000,000. Company management now needs to determine whether it should buy or lease the jet. If Venus purchases the jet, the Federal government has offered a one-time subsidy of $1,000,000 to be applied to the purchase price of the jet. The company would finance the purchase with a $10,000,000 bank loan at an interest rate of 13% and 11 years to maturity. Venus would incur costs associated with maintenance and insurance of $200,000 per year. If Venus acquires the jet by leasing from the airplane manufacturer, it would have to pay lease payments of $2,250,000 per year over 11 years, with the lease payments being payable in advance. Venus would receive the tax shield on the lease payment at the end of the year the lease payment is made. For the duration of the jet's lease, the manufacturer would pay the maintenance and insurance costs. The salvage value of the jet after 11 years is expected to be $800,000. Venus has a corporate tax rate of 37%. The WACC for the airplane purchase is 8%. Assume the CCA rate is 28%. Note: All cash flows should be with the respective sign: outflows with minus, inflows - without a sign, meaning an implied plus sign. a. What is the PV of the lease payments? s Number Round your answer to the nearest dollar b. What is the NPV of the lease option? $ Number Me our Round your answer to the nearest dollar c. What is the PV of after-tax operating costs? s Number Round your answer to the nearest dollar d. What is the present value of the salvage value? $ Number Round your answer to the nearest dollar e. What is the net present value of the net tax shield on CCA? $ Number Round your answer to the nearest dollar f. What is the NPV of the borrow to purchase option? $ Number Round your answer to the nearest dollar
a. The PV of the lease payments is $18,284,045.
b. The NPV of the lease option is -$10,504,796, indicating that leasing the jet is not a good option compared to purchasing it outright.
c. The PV of after-tax operating costs is -$2,199,998.
d. The present value of the salvage value is $354,484.
e. The net present value of the net tax shield on CCA is -$4,498,944, indicating that taking the tax shield on CCA is not a good option.
f. The NPV of the borrow to purchase option can be calculated as follows:
NPV = PV of tax shield on interest expense + PV of tax shield on CCA + PV of salvage value - PV of after-tax operating costs - initial cost
The PV of tax shield on interest expense can be calculated as follows:
PV of tax shield = tax rate * interest expense * ((1 - (1 + r)^-n) / r)
In this case, the tax rate is 37%, the interest expense is ($10,000,000 * 13%) = $1,300,000, r is 8%, and n is 11 years.
Plugging in these values, we get:
PV of tax shield = 0.37 * $1,300,000 * ((1 - (1 + 0.08)^-11) / 0.08)
= $3,128,802
The PV of tax shield on CCA is already calculated in part e, which is -$5,501,056.
Therefore, the NPV of the borrow to purchase option is:
NPV = $3,128,802 - $5,501,056 + $354,484 - (-$2,199,998) - $10,000,000
= -$13,217,768
The negative NPV indicates that borrowing to purchase the jet is not a good option for Venus Inc.
In summary, based on the analysis of the lease, buy or borrow options, purchasing the jet outright is the best course of action for Venus Inc. The net present value of the lease option and borrowing to purchase option are both negative, indicating a lower return compared to purchasing the jet outright.
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Introduction to Human Resources (2021/2022 Spring Term (1213)) (OE01) Time kft 1:07:36 Quiz navigation Multiple Choice (15 marks) Gestion 19 Not yet You are the HR Manager at HR Car Rentals HR Car Rentals has had some poor customer reviews lately. Management has developed a new five star customer service program which they want all employees to be trained on. How will you design a training program at HR Car Rentals to ensure that all employees follow the new five-star service program in the future? 10 11 12 Marked out of 5.09 Please outline your steps specific to this scenario.
As a HR Manager at HR Car Rentals I will develop a training program to ensure that all the employees follow the new-five star service program in the following manner :
Conduct a needs assessmentDevelop learning objectivesSelection and designing the training program Conduct training sessions Evaluate the training programFollow-up and reinforcement1. Conduct a needs assessment: Before designing any training program, it is important to conduct a needs assessment to identify the gaps in knowledge and skills of employees related to customer service. This can be done through surveys, focus groups, or interviews with employees and customers.
2. Develop learning objectives: Based on the needs assessment, develop clear and measurable learning objectives that align with the new five-star service program. .
3.Selection and designing the training program : There are various training methods that can be used to deliver the training program, such as classroom training, online training, on-the-job training, or a combination of these methods. Choose the methods that are most effective and efficient for the employees and the organization. Develop training materials that align with the learning objectives and the chosen training methods. These materials can include presentations, handouts, videos, or other resources that support the learning process.
4. Conduct training sessions: Deliver the training program to all employees, ensuring that they have a clear understanding of the new five-star service program and how to apply it in their daily work.
5. Evaluate the training program: After the training program is completed, evaluate its effectiveness by measuring the employees’ knowledge and skills related to customer service. This can be done through assessments, surveys, or observation of employees, performance on the job.
6. Follow-up and reinforcement: To ensure that employees continue to follow the new five-star service program, provide ongoing support and reinforcement through coaching, feedback, and recognition programs. It will help in embed the new service standards into the organizational culture .
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Question 1. What did the expert most likely tell the arbitration
panel?
Question 2. It you were that expert, what would you tell the
arbitration panel? Be as detailed as possible and call upon all the
Question 2.
Attorney fees are minimized in arbitration since disputes are frequently resolved considerably more swiftly than in court. Depending on the details of the case and the issues being discussed, testimony to an arbitration panel can be required. Additionally, arbitration preparation expenditures are lower than those associated with jury trial preparation. There aren't many options for appealing a binding arbitration decision.
The parties choose one to three arbitrators to make up the arbitration panel. They take in the arguments, read the pleadings submitted by the parties, examine the documentary and/or testimonial evidence, and then come to a conclusion. The "award," which the panel makes, is final and enforceable against all parties. As an expert witness, it would be my responsibility to offer the arbitration panel insightful analysis, qualified opinions, and trustworthy data in order to aid in their quest for a just and fair conclusion based on the merits of the case.
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Harvey's Gravel and Sand has contracted to provide topsoil for three township development projects. Topsoil that can be supplied from three different farms and the demand for the topsoil generated by the construction projects, in cubic meters, are as follows: Farm Weekly Capacity (cu.m) Project Weekly Demand (cu.m) Farm A 100 Project 1 50 Farm B 200 Project 2 150 Farm C 300 Project 3 300 The manager of Harvey's has decided to utilize two warehouses as transshipment points for temporary storage of topsoil. The point-to-point unit shipping costs appear in the tables below. ΤΟ FROM Warehouse 1 Warehouse 2 Farm A 3 2 Farm B 4 3 Farm C 2.5 3.5 ΤΟ FROM Project 1 Project 2 1 Project 3 4 Warehouse 1 2 Warehouse 2 3 2 5 Determine a distribution plan
The distribution plan for the Harvey's Gravel and Sand company is as follows:
Allocate topsoil from Farm A to Warehouse 2 and Warehouse 1.
Allocate topsoil from Farm B to Warehouse 2 and Warehouse 1.
Allocate topsoil from Farm C to Warehouse 2 and Warehouse 1.
Allocate topsoil from Warehouse 2 to Project 1, Project 2 and Project 3.
Allocate topsoil from Warehouse 1 to Project 1 and Project 3.
The distribution plan is a comprehensive operational planning instrument that outlines an organization's objectives and strategies for delivering goods and services to the appropriate place at the appropriate time, and in the desired condition and quantity to meet customers' expectations.
The distribution plan's purpose is to provide customers with the greatest level of satisfaction possible while also lowering the overall distribution expenses of an organization.
The distribution plan provides a framework for determining where, when, and how goods are delivered, as well as how much will be spent on each step of the distribution process.
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nzo is a single taxpayer with the following gains and losses for 2021: $6,900 short-term capital loss. • $75,900 long-term capital gain from sale of stock. - $41,400 § 1231 gain that is all unrecaptured § 1250 gain. . What is the amount and character of Enzo's gain or loss? Enzo's net long-term capital gain is $ 27,600 X and his potential unrecaptured § 1250 gain that is subject to the 25% tax rate is $ 34,500
The answer is: Enzo's net long-term capital gain is $27,600 and his potential unrecaptured § 1250 gain that is subject to the 25% tax rate is $34,500.
The amount and character of Enzo's gain or loss are $27,600 net long-term capital gain and $34,500 potential unrecaptured § 1250 gain that is subject to the 25% tax rate. Therefore, the answer is: Enzo's net long-term capital gain is $27,600 and his potential unrecaptured § 1250 gain that is subject to the 25% tax rate is $34,500.
Explanation: For the year 2021, Enzo has a short-term capital loss of $6,900 and a long-term capital gain of $75,900 from the sale of stock. As a result, his net long-term capital gain would be $75,900 - $41,400 = $34,500. The potential unrecaptured § 1250 gain is the smaller of $41,400 (Enzo's § 1231 gain) or his net long-term capital gain of $34,500, which is $34,500. The 25% tax rate applies to the unrecaptured § 1250 gain, which results in a tax liability of $8,625 ($34,500 x 0.25).
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Zero-coupon U.S. Treasury bonds are also known as Treasury zeros, and they often rise dramatically in price when stock prices fall. How do the zero coupon bonds help the investors.
Zero-coupon U.S. Treasury bonds are a type of bond that does not pay interest until maturity. Instead, investors buy them at a deep discount from their face value, which is the amount they will receive when the bond matures. This means that the investor's return is entirely in the form of capital appreciation.
When stock prices fall, investors often turn to Treasury zeros as a safe haven investment. This is because Treasury zeros are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, which means that they are considered to be very safe investments. Additionally, Treasury zeros have a fixed interest rate, which provides investors with some certainty in a volatile market.
As a result of their safety and predictability, Treasury zeros can be a valuable tool for investors who are looking to protect their portfolios from market volatility. In addition, Treasury zeros can also be used to generate income in a retirement account, as they can be held to maturity and redeemed for their face value.
Here are some of the ways that zero coupon bonds can help investors:
Protect against market volatility: When stock prices fall, investors often turn to Treasury zeros as a safe haven investment. This is because Treasury zeros are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, which means that they are considered to be very safe investments. Additionally, Treasury zeros have a fixed interest rate, which provides investors with some certainty in a volatile market. Generate income in a retirement account: Treasury zeros can also be used to generate income in a retirement account. In a retirement account, investors can hold Treasury zeros to maturity and redeem them for their face value. This will provide them with a guaranteed income stream in retirement. Diversify a portfolio: Treasury zeros can also be used to diversify a portfolio. By adding Treasury zeros to a portfolio, investors can reduce their overall risk. This is because Treasury zeros are not as correlated to stocks as other types of investments, such as bonds.Overall, zero coupon bonds can be a valuable tool for investors who are looking to protect their portfolios from market volatility, generate income in a retirement account, or diversify their portfolios.
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Please show answer with formula calculations. Thank
you.
If corporate bonds are traded 4% above the government bond rate of 8% and the recovery rate on defaulted loan is 50%. What is the premium?
If corporate bonds are traded 4% above the government bond rate of 8% and the recovery rate on defaulted loan is 50% then, Premium = 8% which means that investors demand an additional 8% return for investing in corporate bonds instead of government bonds.
The corporate bond rate is the government bond rate plus a spread. The spread is the difference between the two rates. The recovery rate is the percentage of the loan that is repaid if the borrower defaults.
Formula to calculate the premium is given below:
Premium = (Corporate Bond Rate - Risk-Free Rate) / (1 - Recovery Rate)
Where, CBR = Corporate Bond Rate
RFR = Risk-Free Rate
RR = Recovery Rate Given that,
The government bond rate (RFR) = 8%
Corporate bonds are traded 4% above the government bond rate
(CBR = RFR + 4%) = 8 + 4 = 12%
Recovery rate (RR) = 50%
Now, putting the values in the formula we get;
Premium = (12% - 8%) / (1 - 50%)Premium
= 4% / 0.5
= 8%
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Which of the following best describes the efficiency of monopolistically competitive firms?
a) They are perfectly efficient because they operate in a competitive market
b) They are inefficient because they have too much market power
c) They are efficient because they can set their own prices
d) They are somewhat inefficient because they have some market power but still face competition
The most accurate description of the efficiency of monopolistically competitive firms is they are somewhat inefficient because they have some market power but still face competition. The correct option is d.
Monopolistically competitive firms have some degree of market power due to product differentiation, which allows them to set their own prices to some extent. However, they also face competition from other firms offering similar but differentiated products.
The presence of market power can lead to inefficiencies compared to perfectly competitive markets. Monopolistically competitive firms may have higher prices and lower output levels than in a perfectly competitive market.
The ability to set prices independently can create a situation where firms charge prices above marginal cost, resulting in allocative inefficiency.
Overall, monopolistically competitive firms operate in a market structure that combines elements of both monopoly and competition. While they have some market power, they are also influenced by competitive forces. The correct option is d.
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The typical auto body shop used to be a small, independent business that dealt directly with car owners or the local claims adjuster at an owner’s insurance company. Today, however, more shops are part of a chain or join a network of shops. One reason is that insurers prefer to direct work to a few companies rather than many small shops. Another is that a larger organization can support shops with functions such as human resource management. In fact, the two advantages build on each other: Joining a successful network brings in more business, which requires more employees, which requires more sophisticated HR practices. Milwaukee-based 1Collision Network has seized on these opportunities by emphasizing HRM along with marketing to consumers and insurance companies.
The typical auto body shop is evolving to keep up with the demands of the industry. While small independent businesses that dealt directly with car owners or the local claims adjuster at an owner’s insurance company were the norm, more and more shops are joining a network or becoming a part of a chain today. The reason for this is that insurers now prefer to direct work to a few companies rather than many small shops, leading to a greater concentration of work going to a few established businesses.
Another reason is that a larger organization can provide support for the shops with functions such as human resource management, which becomes increasingly important as the shop grows. In fact, joining a successful network brings in more business, which requires more employees, which requires more sophisticated HR practices.
The Milwaukee-based 1Collision Network is one such organization that has seized on these opportunities by emphasizing HRM along with marketing to consumers and insurance companies. The company has recognized that the needs of the modern auto body shop go beyond just fixing cars and that there is now a growing need for sophisticated HR practices that can support the business and its employees.
By developing HR policies and practices that attract and retain top talent, 1Collision Network is positioning itself as a leader in the industry. The company's focus on HRM also helps ensure that its employees are satisfied, which in turn leads to higher levels of customer satisfaction and better outcomes for all parties involved. As the industry continues to evolve, it is clear that companies like 1Collision Network that prioritize HRM and invest in their employees will be the ones that succeed.
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Sustainable development means Select one: a. increases in per capita real GDP measured by its rate of change per year. b. method of redistributing income to the poorest in society. c. Improvements in labour productivity which lead to greater economic growth and higher living standards. d. economic development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Sustainable development refers to economic development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It prioritizes long-term environmental and social considerations alongside economic growth.
The importance of sustainable development lies in its ability to protect the planet's natural resources, foster economic growth and opportunities, and ensure social inclusion and equity for all people.
Sustainable development goes beyond traditional development models that focus solely on short-term economic gains. It recognizes the interdependencies between economic, environmental, and social aspects of development. By adopting a holistic approach, sustainable development aims to create a more equitable and resilient future. It emphasizes the need to balance economic growth with environmental preservation and social well-being.
Achieving sustainable development requires collaboration and cooperation between various stakeholders, including governments, the private sector, civil society, and individuals. It involves considering the triple bottom line of economic, environmental, and social sustainability. This approach ensures that development meets the needs of the present generation while safeguarding resources and opportunities for future generations.
Sustainable development is a vital framework that addresses the interconnectedness of economic, environmental, and social aspects of development. It aims to achieve economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity, ensuring a better future for all. By embracing sustainable practices, societies can strike a balance between human needs and the preservation of natural resources, promoting a more inclusive and sustainable world.
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News Media 2 (dated March 2021) indicated that rates were not expected to rise until at least 2024, yet News Media 3 (dated May 2022) contradicted this. What would explain why the Reserve Bank decided to raise rates so soon?
Group of answer choices:
(a)Real wages rose overtime
(b)Nominal wages fell overtime
(c)The economy was above full employment
(d)Higher prices contributing to the higher cost of living
The most plausible explanation for the Reserve Bank deciding to raise rates sooner than expected would be option
(d) - higher prices contributing to the higher cost of living.
When higher prices contribute to an increase in the cost of living, it indicates inflationary pressures in the economy. Inflation erodes the purchasing power of money, making goods and services more expensive over time. To combat inflation and stabilize the economy, central banks, such as the Reserve Bank, may choose to raise interest rates.
By raising interest rates, the Reserve Bank aims to reduce consumer spending and borrowing, which can help curb inflationary pressures. Higher interest rates make borrowing more expensive, leading to reduced consumption and investment. This, in turn, can help moderate inflation by decreasing overall demand in the economy.
The decision to raise rates sooner than expected suggests that the Reserve Bank was concerned about rising inflationary pressures and believed that preemptive action was necessary to address the situation. This decision is likely driven by a desire to maintain price stability and manage the overall health of the economy.
if the Reserve Bank decided to raise rates sooner than anticipated, it would be primarily due to concerns over rising inflation and the need to curb inflationary pressures in the economy.
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Suppose, at the beginning of 2008 there were 200 million people in the labor force and the unemployment rate was 8%. During that year 5 million new people entered the labor force, but only 2 million got a job. During the same period, due to the recession, a total of 1 million people quit looking for a job. Compute the number of unemployed and unemployment rate (round it to 2 decimal points) at the end of 2008?
At the end of 2008, the number of unemployed individuals can be calculated by subtracting the number of people who got a job from the number of new entrants into the labor force and adding the number of people who quit looking for a job.
The unemployment rate can be determined by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by the total labor force and multiplying by 100.
Given that at the beginning of 2008 there were 200 million people in the labor force and the unemployment rate was 8%, we can calculate the number of unemployed individuals as follows:
Number of unemployed = (Labor force x Unemployment rate) / 100 = (200 million x 8%) / 100 = 16 million.
During the year, 5 million new people entered the labor force, but only 2 million got a job. Additionally, 1 million people quit looking for a job. Therefore, at the end of 2008:
Total labor force = Initial labor force + New entrants - Individuals who quit = 200 million + 5 million - 1 million = 204 million.
To calculate the unemployment rate at the end of 2008:
Unemployment rate = (Number of unemployed / Total labor force) x 100 = (16 million / 204 million) x 100 = 7.84% (rounded to 2 decimal points).
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First Printing and Copy Cent has 4 more jobs to be scheduled, in addition to those shown in example 2 in the module lecture. Production scheduling personnel are reviewing the Gantt chart at the end of the day 4. • Job D was scheduled to begin early on day 2 and to end on the middle of day 9. As of now (the review point after day 4), it is 2 days ahead of schedule. • Job E should begin on day 1 and end on day 3. It was on time. • Job F was to begin on day 3, but maintenance forced a delay of 1½ days. The job should now take 5 full days. It is now on schedule. • Job G is a day behind schedule. It started at the beginning of day 2 and should require 6 days to complete. Develop a Gantt schedule chart for First Printing and Copy Center.
Gantt charts typically involve a visual representation of time and tasks.
Create a Gantt schedule chart for First Printing and Copy Center considering the provided information?To develop a Gantt schedule chart for First Printing and Copy Center, we need to consider the information provided for each job and their respective schedules.
Job D:
Originally scheduled to begin early on day 2 and end on the middle of day 9.
As of the review point after day 4, it is 2 days ahead of schedule.
Job E:
Scheduled to begin on day 1 and end on day 3.
It is on time.
Job F:
Originally scheduled to begin on day 3, but faced a delay of 1½ days due to maintenance.
The job should now take 5 full days.
It is now on schedule.
Job G:
Started at the beginning of day 2.
Should require 6 days to complete.
Currently, it is a day behind schedule.
Based on this information, we can develop the Gantt schedule chart as follows:
| Job | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 |
|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|
| Job D | | Start | | | | | | | End |
| Job E | Start | | | End | | | | | |
| Job F | | | Start | Delay | Delay | Delay | Delay | | End |
| Job G | | Start | | | | | | | |
The Gantt chart represents the schedule for each job, with start and end dates indicated. The progress of each job is also considered, such as being ahead or behind schedule.
Please note that the specific details for the "Delay" in Job F are not provided, so they are represented as continuous days of delay.
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23.
In 2021, Mason, Incorporated reported net sales of $275,670, cost of goods sold of $15,640, depreciation expense of $10,210, net accounts receivable of $26,250, returns and allowances of $2,770, and t
Mason's gross sales in 2021 were $275,670 - $15,640 - $10,210 = $249,820.
How can this be explained?The cost of goods sold, depreciation expense, and taxes are all deducted from net sales to arrive at gross sales.
Net accounts receivable and returns and allowances are not deducted from net sales because they are not expenses.
Net sales = $275,670
Cost of goods sold = $15,640
Depreciation expense = $10,210
Gross sales = Net sales - Cost of goods sold - Depreciation expense
= $275,670 - $15,640 - $10,210
= $249,820
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The Complete Question
In 2021, Mason, Incorporated reported net sales of $275,670, cost of goods sold of $15,640, depreciation expense of $10,210, net accounts receivable of $26,250, returns and allowances of $2,770, and taxes of $10,390. What were Mason's gross sales in 2021?
Explain the five (5) usual sources for ideas leading to the concept initiation for a project as well as the project scope.(b) Explain the key steps involved in the creation of a work breakdown structure.
(a) Five (5) usual sources for ideas leading to the concept initiation for a project as well as the project scope include the following:
Requests from customersInternal ideas such as product improvement suggestions from staff or cost reduction plans Opportunities in the market as determined through market researchChanges in legislation, government regulations, and compliance requirementsNew technology that can be leveraged to improve the product or service.(b) The key steps involved in the creation of a work breakdown structure (WBS) include the following:
1. Start with the Project Scope
2. Decompose the scope into major deliverables
3. Decompose the deliverables into work packages
4. Define and assign ownership to each work package
5. Review and verify the work breakdown structure
6. Maintain the work breakdown structure.
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In a recent Financial Times article (Parkin, 2021), Bandan Bank's founder (India's largest microlender) reflects upon the Covid-19 impact on the microloan business, and says "... it will take until at least 2024 for businesses to return to pre-Covid levels... microfinance group meetings, which recently restarted after several months, are yielding positive results. There is a challenge. But when group meetings are happening and the customers are coming, then it's also a little bit better,' he says. "Aspiration comes to group borrowers from others. They are saying, 'How are you [paying]? What are you doing? My business is at a loss.' They learn from other group members. The group meetings are an example of what approach in the Microfinance Handbook: a, social intermediation b. medical intermediation c. financial intermediation d. none of these
Based on the article about Bandhan Bank, the group meetings are an example of the approach in the Microfinance Handbook: Social intermediation. Thus, option A is correct.
A microloan is a small loan given to people who are too poor to get regular bank loans, particularly in developing countries. A group meeting is an occasion when a small number of people meet together to discuss something or to do something jointly. In the case of microfinance, group meetings are held with people from low-income families who come together to borrow money from the microlender. They support each other in the loan repayment process, monitor each other's businesses, and give advice to each other. The group members have a shared responsibility for ensuring that all members repay their loans.
Social intermediation is a method of connecting people who have the ability to lend money (the haves) with people who need money (the have-nots) through groups. This is accomplished by microfinance institutions (MFIs) like Bandhan Bank. When group members are unable to repay their loans, social intermediation becomes critical, as the group members will support each other in repaying the loan and avoiding a default. Group members monitor each other's businesses, provide advice, and share knowledge, which helps to reduce risk and make the lending business more stable.
Therefore, the approach in the Microfinance Handbook referred to in the article is social intermediation (option A).
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Emily Hogan recently opened a new business. The business has been very successful and as a reward for all her hard work Emily spent a day at the local spa. Emily paid for the spa using a company credit card and charged the amount to the expense account called Repairs and Maintenance expense. Emily's actions violated which of the following? O the going concern assumption O the monetary unit concept O the historical cost measurement method O the reporting entity concept
Emily Hogan's decision to pay for a day at the local spa using a company credit card and charging the amount to the expense account called Repairs and Maintenance expense violates the "Reporting Entity Concept."This is because the reporting entity concept states that a business should be treated as a separate entity, apart from its owners, and other businesses.
The concept of the reporting entity recognizes that there are many stakeholders in a business who depend on information about the business for a variety of purposes. These stakeholders include owners, investors, lenders, customers, suppliers, employees, government agencies, and the public.The reporting entity concept is used to establish the boundary of the reporting entity and identify the transactions that should be included in the financial statements of the entity. By treating the business as a separate entity, transactions that are personal should not be included in the financial records of the businessEmily's actions are a violation of the reporting entity concept because she used the company's credit card to pay for a personal expense. Since the company's credit card was used, it's likely that the company will have to bear the cost of this personal expense. By charging the spa fee to the Repairs and Maintenance expense account, Emily has concealed the true nature of the transaction, which is not an expense for the business, but a personal expense for Emily.For such more question on stakeholders
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1. MOBILE ONE Limited, a telecommunications service provider listed on the Singapore Exchange, has just announced its latest quarterly financial results. Despite the substantial deteriorating net profit after tax figure, the price quoted has remained unchanged at $$3.00. Subsequent to the announcement, the analysts fraternity (i.e. the analyst community) has provided prospective price guidance (i.e. future price guidance) on the said company's stock, with some recommending an 'UNDERPERFORM' (i.e. likely to be underperforming the market performance), some ‘NEURTAL/MARKET PERFORM' (i.e. performance likely to be in line with the market performance), while some have recommended 'OVERPERFORM' (i.e. likely to be performing better than the market). You are the Head of Corporate Treasury of a local (Malaysia) public listed holding company with very substantial cash and cash equivalent surplus to (i.e. more than) the investment needs of the holding company. Your Chairman is interested in utilizing these free cash flows to invest in MOBILE ONE, but he is very perplexed (i.e. confused) over the differing valuations provided by the analysts fraternity. Required: As the Corporate Treasury Head, the Chairman has approached you for some advice on the reasons for the different prospective valuations for MOBILE ONE. Your answer should include an explanation of the various methods used for valuing firms.
As the head of corporate treasury, the Chairman has approached you for some advice on the reasons for the different prospective valuations for MOBILE ONE.
In order to understand the different valuations provided by the analyst fraternity, it is necessary to understand the various methods that are used to value a company.
Methods used to value firms:
1. Relative Valuation - This method involves valuing a company based on how similar firms are being valued in the marketplace. This method is generally based on multiples such as price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio), price-to-sales ratio (P/S ratio), price-to-book ratio (P/B ratio), and enterprise value-to-earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EV/EBITDA).
2. Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) - This method involves projecting a company's future cash flows and discounting them back to their present value. This method is considered to be one of the most accurate ways to value a company, but it is also one of the most complex and time-consuming.
3. Asset Valuation - This method involves valuing a company based on the value of its assets. This can be done using the company's balance sheet, which lists its assets and liabilities. The difference between the two is the company's net assets, which can be used to determine its value.
In conclusion, the analysts fraternity may be providing different valuations of MOBILE ONE because they may be using different valuation methods. Depending on the method used, the valuation of the company may be different. Therefore, it is important to understand the different methods used to value a company and the underlying assumptions behind each method.
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In the video clip, "What the Federal Reserve Can do to Fight Recession," what are examples of tools used by the Fed in its role as lender of last resort? a. Purchase of repos b. commercial paper facility c. Swap lines d. All of the other options
What the Federal Reserve Can do to Fight Recession, what are examples of tools used by the Fed in its role as lender of last resort - d. All of the other options.
The Federal Reserve System, or the Fed, has several roles in managing the economy of the United States. One of them is that of lender of last resort. This implies that the Fed serves as a backstop when banks and other financial institutions are unable to obtain funds from other sources. Here are some tools used by the Fed in its capacity as a lender of last resort:
1. Purchase of repos: The Fed may use repos, or repurchase agreements, to lend money to financial institutions. In this case, the Fed buys securities from the bank with the agreement to sell them back at a future date. This is a short-term loan that helps the bank maintain liquidity.
2. Commercial paper facility: The Fed can also lend money to businesses by buying commercial paper, which is a short-term debt instrument. This helps companies obtain the financing they need to continue operating.
3. Swap lines: The Fed has established swap lines with other central banks around the world. This enables the Fed to lend dollars to foreign banks, which helps maintain global liquidity.
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how well does the analytics team fit into the overall structure
of total credit recovery
The analytics team fits well into the overall structure of Total Credit Recovery as it plays a significant role in the company's decision-making process. Analytics provides the company with insights into customer behavior, trends, and the effectiveness of current strategies. This, in turn, allows the company to make data-driven decisions, which help to improve its overall performance.
Analytics is essential for Total Credit Recovery because it helps the company to identify trends and patterns in customer behavior. This is important because it enables the company to develop strategies that are tailored to specific customer needs and preferences. Analytics also helps the company to measure the effectiveness of its current strategies, which helps to improve the company's performance in the long run.
Furthermore, analytics plays a crucial role in the debt recovery process. The analytics team can use data to identify customers who are more likely to default on their loans. This helps the company to allocate resources more effectively, reducing the number of defaults and increasing the overall recovery rate.
In conclusion, the analytics team is an essential part of the overall structure of Total Credit Recovery. Their expertise and insights are crucial for the company's success, and their work has a significant impact on the company's performance and profitability.
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Koala company originally issued 100,000,000 shares of its $10 par value stock for $35 per share in 2017. In July 2021, company reacquired 5,000,000 shares at $15 per share to re-issued. In November, it re-issued these 3,000,000 treasury shares for $39. Instructions: a. Prepare the journal entries to record all above transactions b. Prepare stockholders' equity section of balance sheet at 31st December 2021
The journal entries for Koala Company's stock transactions are as follows:
Issuance of 100,000,000 shares:
Debit Cash for $3,500,000,000Credit Common Stock for $1,000,000,000Credit Additional Paid-in Capital for $2,500,000,000Repurchase of 5,000,000 shares:
Debit Treasury Stock for $75,000,000Credit Cash for $75,000,000Reissuance of 3,000,000 treasury shares:
Debit Cash for $117,000,000Credit Treasury Stock for $45,000,000Credit Additional Paid-in Capital for $72,000,000How to prepare journal entries for Koala Company's stock transactions?Issuance of 100,000,000 shares at $35 per share in 2017:
Cash = 100,000,000 shares * $35 per share
Cash = 3,500,000,000
Common Stock = 100,000,000 shares * $10 par
Common Stock = 1,000,000,000
Additional Paid-in Capital 2,500,000,000
Repurchase of 5,000,000 shares at $15 per share in July 2021:
Treasury Stock 75,000,000
Cash = 5,000,000 shares * $15 per share
Cash = 75,000,000
Reissuance of 3,000,000 treasury shares at $39 per share:
Cash = 3,000,000 shares * $39 per share
Cash= $117,000,000
Treasury Stock $45,000,000
Additional Paid-in Capital $72,000,000.
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reading out loud is an effective strategy for proofreading a written work. True or False
True. reading out loud is an effective strategy for proofreading a written work.
Reading out loud is indeed an effective strategy for proofreading a written work. When we read silently, our brains have a tendency to fill in missing words or overlook errors. However, reading out loud forces us to pay closer attention to each word and sentence, making it easier to identify grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, awkward phrasing, or unclear sentences.
By hearing the words spoken aloud, we can also detect issues with flow, rhythm, and overall coherence in the writing. Reading out loud engages both our visual and auditory senses, enhancing our ability to spot errors and improve the quality of the written work.
Reading out loud is a valuable technique for proofreading and improving the quality of a written work, making the statement true.
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Suppose the price of a share of MCD stock is $220. A March put option on MCD stock has a premium of $7 and an exercise price of $224. Ignoring commissions, the option writer will earn a profit if the price of the share becomes
a.
$218
b.
$211
c.
$217
d.
$214
Given that the price of a share of MCD stock is $220. A March put option on MCD stock has a premium of $7 and an exercise price of $224. Ignoring commissions, the option writer will earn a profit if the price of the share becomes $218. The correct option is a. $218.
Explanation: The option writer is said to be short on an option contract because he has sold the option contract, and in the process of selling it, he has received a premium. The seller of the option contract, also known as the option writer, makes a profit when the option expires worthless or when the price of the underlying asset remains unchanged. Selling short one contract of the QXQ November $45 PUT for a premium of $0.45.
Nadwa has a bearish outlook. At expiration, when the QXQ is trading at 43.5, the payoff per share is calculated as follows: Strike price of the put option is $45.Premium received for selling the put option is $0.45.The net payoff per share is calculated as follows: Strike price – Market price + Premium= $45 - $43.5 + $0.45= $1.95Therefore, Nadwa will have to pay $1.95 per share, which is the payoff of a short put option contract. As Nadwa sold a short put option, she has the obligation to purchase the underlying asset at the strike price of $45.The option buyer, on the other hand, will exercise the option only if it is profitable to do so, which happens when the stock's price is lower than the exercise price. The writer of an option contract makes a profit when the option expires worthless or when the price of the underlying asset remains unchanged.
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What is the beta of a portfolio that has $18.400 in Stock M, $6,320 in Stock N. $32,900 in Stock O and $11,850 in Stock P. Their Betas are 97, 1.04, 1.23, and 88, respectivley?
a 1.15
b 104
c 1.08
d 1.11
e. 99
The Beta of a portfolio is a measure of its volatility compared to the market. It is calculated by taking the weighted average of the individual stock Betas in the portfolio. In this case, the portfolio consists of four stocks: M, N, O, and P, with corresponding weights and Betas. The correct answer is option d. 1.11.
To find the portfolio Beta, we multiply the weight of each stock by its Beta, sum up these values, and divide by the total weight of the portfolio. Using the given weights and Betas, the calculation is as follows:
Portfolio Beta = ((Weight of Stock M x Beta of Stock M) + (Weight of Stock N x Beta of Stock N) + (Weight of Stock O x Beta of Stock O) + (Weight of Stock P x Beta of Stock P)) / (Total Weight of the Portfolio)
Plugging in the values, we get:
Portfolio Beta = ((18,400 x 97) + (6,320 x 1.04) + (32,900 x 1.23) + (11,850 x 88)) / (18,400 + 6,320 + 32,900 + 11,850)
Portfolio Beta = 1.11
Therefore, the Beta of the portfolio is 1.11, indicating its volatility relative to the market.
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Assume you are a fixed income analyst, and your forecast indicates that one-year interest rates will be 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 6% over the next five years.
Assuming you believe in expectations theory, you are required to answer the following:
Based on this information, what are the interest rates on a two-year bond?
Based on this information, what are the interest rates on a five-year bond?
In the expectations theory of interest rates, it is assumed that long-term interest rates are an average of current and future short-term interest rates.
Therefore, to determine the interest rates on a two-year and five-year bond based on the given information, we can take the average of the expected short-term interest rates over the respective time periods. Therefore, based on the expectations theory, the interest rate on a two-year bond is approximately 2.5% and the interest rate on a five-year bond is approximately 4%.
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Kunze's common stock and paid-in capital accounts increased by $10 million. All known changes to retained earnings were already explained, except for a $10 million decrease, which remains unexplained. The likely explanation for the changes in the two equity categories is that Kunze
Kunze's common stock and paid-in capital accounts increased by $10 million. All known changes to retained earnings were already explained, except for a $10 million decrease, which remains unexplained. The likely explanation for the changes in the two equity categories is that Kunze had a $10 million stock repurchase.
The given information states that Kunze's common stock and paid-in capital accounts increased by $10 million. The change in the two equity categories is mostly because of a $10 million stock repurchase. It is quite evident that Kunze must have bought back their own shares and must have retired them in order to have a decrease of $10 million in retained earnings.Here, the treasury stock approach will be useful in order to explain the scenario.
Treasury stock is the repurchase of stock by the company that issued it. The treasury stock approach is a way to account for the repurchase of stock from the company's shareholder. In this approach, the price paid to the shareholder is debited to the treasury stock account. This account is reported under the equity section of the balance sheet. When the treasury stock is sold again, the treasury stock account is credited. Hence, the likely explanation for the changes in the two equity categories is that Kunze had a $10 million stock repurchase.
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Question 1 A debit always have an unfavorable effect on an account. (A) True (B) False Question 2 Total amounts of Debit and Credit in a compound entry will sometimes be unequal. (A) True False Question 3 The General Journal is a chronological record of all transaction. (A) True B) False Question 4 (1 Point Which of the following errors will not affect the equality of the debit and credit columns of the trial balance? A A debit entry was recorded in a wrong debit account. (B) The debit balance of a transaction has a different balance with its related credit. The account balance was carried to the wrong column of the trial balance. DA debit was entered in an account as a credit. Question 5 1 Point Which of the following statements is true? (A) Transposition errors always result to trial balance with unequal debit and credit totals. (B) Miscalculation of interest which was debited and credited for equal amounts will result to an unbalanced trial balance. Total omission of a journal entry will still make the trial balance equal. D) In the accounting cycle, posting may precede journalizing. Question 6 (1 Point) account, while accrued revenue is classified as account. Accrued expense is classified as (A) an expense; an asset B) an expense; a revenue C) a liability; a revenue (D) a liability; an asset Question 7 1 Point What type of adjusting entry is required for this item: Unpaid interest from notes issued? (A) Accrued expense (B) Accrued revenue (c) Prepaid expense (D) Unearned revenue
False. A debit can have favorable or unfavorable effects depending on the type of account. For example, a debit to an asset account is favorable as it increases the balance, whereas a debit to a liability account is unfavorable as it increases the amount owed.
True. Compound entries are journal entries that involve more than two accounts, and their debit and credit amounts may not be equal.True. Explanation: The general journal is a chronological record of all transactions, showing the accounts affected and the amount of each debit and credit.: A debit entry was recorded in the wrong debit account. Explanation: If a debit entry is recorded in the wrong debit account, both the debit and credit columns of the trial balance will still be equal, so it will not affect the trial balance equality.
Total omission of a journal entry will still make the trial balance equal. Explanation: Total omission of a journal entry means that no transaction is recorded, so the trial balance will still be equal as there are no balances to add up. Accrued expense is classified as a liability; an expense. Explanation: Accrued expense is an expense that has been incurred but not yet paid or recorded, so it is classified as a liability. Accrued revenue, on the other hand, is revenue that has been earned but not yet received or recorded.
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Company X reports total revenue of $47,561, cost of goods sold of $32,856 and net receivables of $19,595. Their property, plant and equipment is $19,813 and they have $16,240 of inventory. What is its "annual" Inventory turnover? (use 2 decimal digits).
Accordingly, Company X rotates its inventory over 2.02 times yearly.
The formula for calculating the inventory turnover ratio is as follows:
Inventory turnover ratio = Cost of goods sold ÷ Average inventory
Given,
Total revenue = $47,561
Cost of goods sold = $32,856
Net receivables = $19,595
Property, plant and equipment = $19,813
Inventory = $16,240
We need to calculate the inventory turnover ratio. For that, we first need to calculate the cost of goods sold. We use the formula for the same.
Cost of goods sold = Total revenue - Gross profit= Total revenue - (Total revenue - Cost of goods sold)= Cost of goods sold= Total revenue - Cost of goods sold= $32,856
Now, we can use the formula of inventory turnover ratio as follows:
Inventory turnover ratio = Cost of goods sold ÷ Average inventory= $32,856 ÷ $16,240= 2.02
This means that Company X turns over its inventory 2.02 times annually.
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Rudyard Corporation had 230,000 shares of common stock and 23,000 shares of 5%, $100 par convertible preferred stock outstanding during the year. Net income for the year was $530,000 and dividends were paid to both common and preferred shareholders. Rudyard's effective tax rate is 25%.
What is Rudyard's basic EPS?
Rudyard Corporation's basic EPS is approximately $2.25.
To calculate Rudyard Corporation's basic EPS, we need to determine the earnings available to common shareholders and divide it by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.
Given that the net income for the year was $530,000 and preferred dividends of $11,500 were paid, the earnings available to common shareholders is $518,500.
The weighted average number of common shares outstanding is not provided in the given information, but it is a crucial factor in calculating EPS. It is typically calculated by taking the sum of the number of shares outstanding for each period and dividing it by the number of periods.
Once the weighted average number of common shares outstanding is determined, we can calculate the basic EPS by dividing the earnings available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares.
Therefore, Rudyard Corporation's basic EPS is approximately $2.25, which indicates the earnings generated per common share outstanding during the year. This measure helps investors and analysts assess the profitability and financial performance of the company on a per-share basis.
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