Part 4 - Natural Selection and Adaptations
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Item 3
A scientist studied a snail population that had a variation of shell colors. The number of each differently colored snail shell was recorded. The graph shows the data the scientist collected.
Over time, the rocks on which the snails lived became covered with dark-colored seaweed.
Which graph best represents the range of colors in the snail population that resulted from natural selection after the dark-colored seaweed covered the rocks?
Answers
There are different types of natural selection. When one of the extremes phenotypes is being favored, directional selection is going on. Meanwhile, balancing selection increases the proportion of intermediate phenotype.
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Since I do not have the graphs, I will set different potential scenarios
Let us assume the snails shell has three phenotypes: light brown, brown, and dark brown.Light brown and dark brown are the extreme phenotypesLet us also assume that seaweed is brown-colored.Scenario 1: More light brown individuals than brown and dark brown
Probably after the dark-colored seaweed covered the rocks, snails needed to camouflage to avoid predation. So they must have suffered a change in color from light brown to dark brown.
Since this new trait is beneficial, natural selection favored it.
So animals change from being light brown to dark brown.
The type of natural selection acting here is directional selection.
A population that is under the effects of directional selection, experiences an increase in the proportion of individuals expressing an extreme phenotype, different from the original one.
In these cases, interactions between living organisms and the environment modify in the same direction.
So, the most abundant individuals turned from being light brown to being dark brown.
After dark-colored seaweed covered the rocks, the number of dark brown individuals increased, and the light brown individuals decreased.
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Scenario 2: More brown individuals than light brown and dark brown
This is the same situation as before. In this case, there were more brown individuals than snails expressing extreme phenotypes.
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Scenario 3:
Now let us assume three different phenotypes: Yellow, brown and greyYellow and Grey are the extreme phenotypesSeaweed is brown-colored.Let us suppose that the original number of individuals was higher for one of the extreme traits, either yellow or grey.
After the seaweed-covered rocks, snails needed to camouflage to avoid predation, so they changed their color from yellow or grey to brown.
In this scenario, the intermediate phenotype is being favored by natural selection over the extreme phenotypes.
Balancing selection -or Stabilizing selection-, decreases the number of individuals expressing the extreme phenotype and favors individuals that exhibit medium-range characteristics. These are the ones that get to survive. Selective pressure is against h0m0zyg0tes.
In this case, the number of individuals expressing yellow or grey shells decreases, while individuals with brown color increase.
In the attached files you will find graphs for the three scenarios.
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Related Questions
need help, will mark brainliest.
Answers
Answer:
Key Points
Biological macromolecules are important cellular components and perform a wide array of functions necessary for the survival and growth of living organisms.
The four major classes of biological macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Activity A:
Get the Gizmo ready:
• Click Reset
• Select the FOREST tab.
Trees
Question: What role do trees play in the forest?
1. Form hypothesis: Where do you think trees get the nutrients they need to grow?
2. Predict: Based on your hypothesis, how will the tree population change if ALL other organisms (deer,
bears, and mushrooms) are removed from the forest?
3. Analyze: Remove ALL organisms except trees. Click Advance year a few times and select the DATA
tab. Was your prediction correct? Explain what you found.
4. Draw conclusions: Substances that contain carbon and are produced by living things are called
organic. Examples of organic materials are sugar, blood, protein, and fat. Other materials, like water.
Answers
Answer:
Form hypothesis: Where do you think trees get the nutrients they need to grow?
I think the trees get the nutrients from the soil and sunlight
Predict: Based on your hypothesis, how will the tree population change if ALL other organisms (deer, bears, and mushrooms) are removed from the forest?
I think they will increase dramatically because there is nothing affecting them badly.
Analyze: Remove ALL organisms except trees. Click Advance year a few times and select the DATA tab. Was your prediction correct? Explain what you found.
Yes my hypothesis was correct without the other organisms affecting the trees growth the tree population increased.
Draw conclusions: Substances that contain carbon and are produced by living things are called organic. Examples of organic materials are sugar, blood, protein, and fat. Other materials, like water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and ammonia, are called inorganic.Some living things, called producers, can produce the organic materials they need (like food) from inorganic matter. All other organisms are consumers; they consume organic matter since they cannot make it themselves.
Do your results show you that trees are producers or consumers? Explain.
Trees are producers because they make it by using the sun's light.
Analyze: Click the FOREST tab. Click the plus (+) button for mushrooms several times. Click Advance year a few times. Select the DATA tab. How did adding mushrooms affect trees?
adding the mushrooms didn’t affect the trees.
Extend: The mushrooms thrived without hurting trees. How could this happen? Try for two possible explanations. Write your ideas in the space below.
The mushrooms are decomposers; they thrive off of dead things including the trees so they do not harm the trees at all.
Explanation:
The trees in the forest controls the flow of water on the land.
When heavy rainfall occurs the trees help in trapping the water in the soil which reduces the chances of flood. These trees also provide habitat as well as food for living organisms that lives in the forests.
The trees get the nutrients they need to grow from the soil with the help of their roots. Decomposers present in the soil feed on dead bodies which turn into nitrogenous substances that is used by the trees for making amino acids.
The tree population increases if all other organisms such deer, bears, and mushrooms are removed from the forest because these organisms feed on the trees so increase occur in the tree population.
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The genetic material of an organism is made up of?
Answers
Answer: DNA
Explanation:
The genome is the entire genetic material of an organism. It is found in the nucleus of a cell, and is composed of a chemical called DNA .
The genetic material of an organism is made up of DNA and RNA.
What do you mean by genetic material?
"Genetic Material is defined as any material of plant, animal, microbial or other origin that carries genetic information and that passes it from one generation to the next. The information contained controls reproduction, development, behavior, etc."
Who discovered genetic material?
"Friedrich Miescher discovered genetic material."
What does genetic material produce?
"Genetic material produces most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins."
What do you mean by DNA?
"DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person's body has the same DNA."
What do you mean by RNA?
"Ribonucleic acid or RNA is a linear molecule composed of four types of smaller molecules called ribonucleotide bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U)."
What are main differences between DNA and RNA?
There are two differences that distinguish DNA from RNA:
RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine.To know more about Genetic material here
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Which one is the correct answer?
Answers
Answer: D
Explanation: The moon is about a quarter of the size of the earth
Answer:
at first i was going to say C but now iam sure the answer is D
An atom with 7 protons, 6 neutrons, and 7 electrons has an atomic mass of
Answers
Answer:
It has an atomic mass of 13amu (amu is just the atomic mass unit)
Explanation:
I hope this helps!!
1. Where might you find involuntary muscle?
In your arms
In your mouth
In your toes
In your stomach
Answers
Answer:
please mark brainliest!
Explanation:
Other involuntary muscles help digest food and are found in your stomach and intestines.
Answer:
D. in your stomach
Explanation:
Trust me i got it right its your stomach because when your stomach rumbles you don't control it, it just happens when your hungry, just and example.
Why are glucose molecules able to dissolve in our blood but lipids are not? List the type of chemical bonds
Its an emergency
I need it right now
Answers
Answer:
Glucose is small (6 carbons) and dissolves easily in water because it has a number of polar OH groups attached to its carbons. Now lipids, they are constructed of long chains of carbon and hydrogen called fatty acids. These chains are not polar and lipids do not dissolve or mix well with water for this reason.
Explanation:
In this case the blood is not too much thicker than the water my friend XD.
can you hear the moon
Answers
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
In a Lake or sea breeze, the cool dense air forms over which of these? ill give brainliest
A.The water
B.The land
C.Both
D. Which ever is closer
Answers
Answer:
Sea breezes occur during hot summer days views of the unequal heating rates of land and water during the day the land surface heats up faster than the water surface therefore the air above the land is warmer than the air above the ocean now recalled that warmer air is lighter than the cool air . sorry water
HELP ME AGAIN PLZ I'M EXTRA STRUGGLIN ON THIS BIOLOGY
Answers
wait u go to the school i go to...but u must be in the high school cause my grade dont do biology unless your in 8th
Explanation:
GIVING BRAINLIEST AND FIVE STARS AND THANKS! TO BEST ANSWER! HAVE A GREAT DAY! thank you!
An organism which must obtain its food from other organisms is called a:
parasite
spore
fern
moss
Answers
when something is frozen does it increase or decrease in density?
Answers
Answer:
Water expands when it freezes making it less dense than the water from which it freezes. In fact, its volume is a little over 9% greater (or density ca.
Answer:
Depends on what is freezing. Generally it increases density.
Explanation:
water when frozen has a lower density. but generally freezing increases density because it packs the molecules tighter
A relationship between living things that depend on the same
resources at the same place and at the same time is called
Answers
Answer:
competition
Explanation:
i searched it up
Answer:
Competition
Explanation:
Competition is a relationship between living things that depend on the same resources. The resources may be food, water, or anything else they both need. Competition occurs whenever the two species try to get the same resources in the same place and at the same time.
help me plsssssssss ty
Answers
Answer:
Number 3, Desert
Explanation:
Answer:
Desert
Explanation: It's always hot in the day and freezing at night.
Someone please help me I’ll give you a Brainly is please help me please help me I need help so much
Answers
Answer:
ok want u need hlep u need some hlep
Explanation:
I REALLY NEED HELP PLEASE AND THANK YOU!!! I WILL LOVE YOU FOREVERRR!!!
Please write a 1 page explanation of Mitosis, how it occurs, where it occurs, why it occurs, we will discuss it tomorrow. Make sure you cover all of the phases and describe what occurs in each.
Answers
Answer: Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one cell (the mother) divides to produce two new cells (the daughters) that are genetically identical to itself. In the context of the cell cycle, mitosis is the part of the division process in which the DNA of the cell's nucleus is split into two equal sets of chromosomes.
The great majority of the cell divisions that happen in your body involve mitosis. During development and growth, mitosis populates an organism’s body with cells, and throughout an organism’s life, it replaces old, worn-out cells with new ones. For single-celled eukaryotes like yeast, mitotic divisions are actually a form of reproduction, adding new individuals to the population.
In all of these cases, the “goal” of mitosis is to make sure that each daughter cell gets a perfect, full set of chromosomes. Cells with too few or too many chromosomes usually don’t function well: they may not survive, or they may even cause cancer. So, when cells undergo mitosis, they don’t just divide their DNA at random and toss it into piles for the two daughter cells. Instead, they split up their duplicated chromosomes in a carefully organized series of steps.
Answer:
no
Explanation:
1 page is excessively long
Which of the following is not a reason that nonnative species are reared outside their native ecosystems?
a. They are commercially important.
b. They are used to replace native species.
C. They are used for restocking programs.
d. None of the above
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
All of the given reasons are reasons that nonnative species are reared outside their native ecosystems. The correct option is D.
What are nonnative species?Non-native species are animals, plants, and other organisms that do not develop natively in a region but are instead introduced through intentional or unintentional human activity.
Non-native species, unlike invasive species, do not necessarily threaten or threaten the existence of other species within the ecosystem.
Native plants and animals may go extinct as a result of invasive species, which can also decrease biodiversity, compete with native species for scarce resources, and disrupt habitats.
Ecosystems along the coast and in the Great Lakes may be severely disrupted, with significant negative economic effects.
They are employed in restocking efforts, to replace native species, and for commercial purposes.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Which nitrogenous bases are considered pyrimidines?
Answers
Answer:
Cytosine and thymine are the two major pyrimidine bases in DNA and base pair (see Watson–Crick Pairing) with guanine and adenine (see Purine Bases), respectively. In RNA, uracil replaces thymine and base pairs with adenine.
A doctor studies cells from the spinal Fluid from a very sick baby. After analyzing
the lipid content in the cells, the doctor finds a very high concentration of a fatty
toxic substance called GM2 ganglioside. This toxic substance is normally broken down in
healthy cells. She suspects that this baby has a genetic disorder affecting one
particular organelle involved in recycling and breaking down larger molecules
2 Which organelle or cellular structure might not be able to perform its job and have defective proteins as a result
of this genetic disorder? Explain your answer below.
Answers
Answer:
Lysosomes
Explanation:
Lysosomes are membrane bound organelles that contain digestive enzymes that are used to break down large molecules such as carbohydrate, protein and lipids. They also contain degradative enzymes that are used to degrade dead cells.
The genetic disorder must have affected the development of lysosomes (which makes it have defective enzymes/proteins) in the baby's cells which is the reason she is unable to break down the fatty toxic substance.
NOTE: Most enzymes are proteins and were used interchangeably in the second part of the question
Which organisms in an ecosystem are most likely to be affected by bioaccumulations of toxins? Explain.
Answers
Answer:
It is usually the top of the food chain species because it is the one that receives the most of whatever is bioaccumulating.
Explanation:
Science Plzzzzzzzzz!!
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Answer:
Answer
The answer is option D
Identify A child jumps on a trampoline. The
trampoline bounces her up. Why don't the
forces cancel each other?
Answers
Answer:
Because the fabric of the trampoline absorbs the energy and pushes back with twice the force because of its elasticity. Thus letting the child fly through the air, only to realize, she must come back down.
Explanation:
Answer:
Becuase of the elasticity of the trampoline
Explanation:
Which of the following sustainable practices utilizes the MOST technology?
A. hydroponic farming
B. precision agriculture
C. urban greenhouse
D. aquafarming
Answers
Answer:
hydroponic farming
Explanation:
Just did the assignment.
Hydroponic farming is a method that substitutes a solution of nutrient-rich water for soil, among other methods. It is considered a more sustainable option because they use fewer resources. Thus, option A is correct.
What is Hydroponic farming?Since hydroponic farming uses 90% less water than conventional farming, it is usually seen as being more environmentally friendly.
Additionally, hydroponic gardening produces more fruits, vegetables, and herbs in less time. Thirdly, because the greens are grown locally, there is no environmental impact.
The foundation of hydroponic farming is a method that substitutes a solution of nutrient-rich water for soil, among other methods.
Compared to traditional agriculture, it is considered ore sustainable option because they use fewer resources.
Therefore, Hydroponic farming sustainable practices most utilizes in technology.
Learn more about, Hydroponic farming here:
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Which organelle provides support for the cell and may also help the cell move?
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome
Answers
In the text area below describe the function of the cell wall
Answers
Answer:
The main functions of the cell wall are to provide structure, support, and protection for the cell
The cell wall is an outer protective membrane in many cells including plants, fungi, algae, and bacteria. ... The main functions of the cell wall are to provide structure, support, and protection for the cell. The cell wall in plants is composed mainly of cellulose and contains three layers in many plants.
What factor has the greatest impact on an enzyme?
Answers
Answer: Higher Classifications: Protein
Explanation:
Collectively, these are the most important properties of the enzyme. There are several factors that affect the speed of an enzyme's action, such as the concentration of the enzyme, the concentration of the substrate, temperature, hydrogen ion concentration (pH), and the presence of inhibitors.
3 aboictic factors and there roles in the ecosystem
Answers
Answer:
The abiotic factors in an ecosystem include all the nonliving elements of the ecosystem. Air, soil or substrate, water, light, salinity and temperature all impact the living elements of an ecosystem. I WISH I HELP
If you were in a bubble planet for 3 years what would you need to reproduce? What are things you would need to survive ?
Answers
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
i would need food and water
The light skin color helps this species of lizard blend in with its bright
environment. What advantage does having a dark dewlap have in a bright environment
A• A dark dewlap mimics other species to help it survive
B• A dark dewlap is easier to get a mates attention
C• A dark dewlap helps to attract insects for feeding
D• a dark dewlap does not have any advantages
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
A dark dewlap is not an advantage because it's easier for predators to see it. It would be an advantage though if there are lots of dark colored rocks.
Which factor causes the shape of a fatty acid to be straight? A. Having double bonds between atoms of carbon and oxygen B. Having only single bonds between carbon atoms C. The total number of carbon-to-carbon double bonds D. The total number of carbon-to-hydrogen single bonds
Answers
Answer:
i believe the answer is A or D
Explain:
i dont know which one it is though :(
