Alternate view to the neoclassical view is the Post-Keynesian view is Post-Keynesians believe that the neoclassical view does not adequately account for the role of uncertainty in economic decision-making, the importance of historical and institutional factors, and the potential for instability in markets.
Post-Keynesians argue that economic agents do not have perfect information and face uncertain future outcomes, which can lead to irrational decision-making and result in market failures. They also stress the importance of historical and institutional factors, such as power relations and social norms, in shaping economic outcomes.
Additionally, Post-Keynesians believe that markets are not inherently stable and can experience periods of instability and crisis, contrary to the neoclassical view that markets naturally tend toward equilibrium. The Post-Keynesian view emphasizes the role of uncertainty, history, and institutional factors in shaping economic outcomes, as well as the potential for instability in markets, which are not fully accounted for in the neoclassical view.
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The Keynesian view is an alternate view to the neoclassical view. It considers that there is a role for government in managing the economy through fiscal and monetary policy.
What is neoclassical?Neoclassical is an art and design style that emerged in the mid-18th century and is based on the classical styles of ancient Greece and Rome. Neoclassical art and design sought to revive the aesthetic principles of antiquity and emphasized the use of symmetry, order, and balance in its works. This style was seen in art, architecture, and furniture, and often included motifs from classical mythology.
It assumes that markets are not always efficient and that people may not always act rationally. This view considers that the economy may not always be in equilibrium and that there may be periods of recession or depression. It also considers that individuals and companies may not always respond to economic changes in the same way, and that government intervention may be necessary to ensure economic stability. This view does not assume that the market is self-regulating and that it will always reach equilibrium.
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A) Why weight of water is converted to true volume. What are the three corrections that are considered?
The weight of water is converted to true volume because the volume of water can be affected by temperature, pressure, and dissolved impurities. The three corrections that are considered are thermal expansion correction, atmospheric pressure correction, and dissolved impurities correction.
The thermal expansion correction takes into account the fact that water expands or contracts with temperature changes. As the temperature of water increases, its volume increases, and vice versa. The correction factor is calculated based on the temperature of the water and the coefficient of thermal expansion of water.
The barometric or atmospheric pressure correction is applied because the pressure of the surrounding air can affect the volume of water. The correction factor is calculated based on the atmospheric pressure and the vapor pressure of water at the given temperature.
The dissolved impurities correction is applied because dissolved substances, such as salts or gases, can also affect the volume of water. The correction factor is calculated based on the concentration of dissolved substances in the water.
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In a different method of obtaining nickel, the process produces a mixture of the liquids nickel tetracarbonyl and iron pentacarbronyl.
The boiling point of nickel tetracarbonyl is 43°
the boiling point of iron pentacarbonyl is 103°
these two liquids mix together completely.
Describe the process used to separate these two liquids. (3 marks)
One possible process to separate nickel tetracarbonyl and iron pentacarbonyl is fractional distillation. Since the boiling points of the two liquids are different, the process can take advantage of this difference to separate the components.
Fractional distillation works by heating the mixture in a distillation apparatus, which causes the liquids to vaporize. The vapor is then condensed back into a liquid and collected. However, the composition of the vapor is not uniform, with more volatile components having a higher concentration.
By using a fractionating column, which contains many plates or packing material, the vapor is forced to condense and evaporate multiple times.
As the vapor travels up the column, the components with lower boiling points will vaporize and travel up more easily, while the components with higher boiling points will condense and fall back down more frequently. This process effectively separates the components based on their boiling points.
In the case of nickel tetracarbonyl and iron pentacarbonyl, the fractional distillation apparatus would be set up, and the mixture would be heated. As the vapor rises up the column, the nickel tetracarbonyl, with its lower boiling point, would vaporize and travel up the column more easily, while the iron pentacarbonyl would condense and fall back down more frequently.
The components can then be collected separately at the end of the apparatus, resulting in the separation of the two liquids.
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An unknown gas with a mass of 205 g occupies a volume of 20. 0 L at 273 K and 1. 00 atm. What is the molar mass of this compound?
The molar mass of the unknown gas is approximately 221.6 g/mol.
To find the molar mass of the unknown gas, we can use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, we need to convert the given values to their appropriate units:
mass (m) = 205 g
volume (V) = 20.0 L
pressure (P) = 1.00 atm
temperature (T) = 273 K
Next, we can rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for the number of moles:
n = PV / RT
Substituting the given values, we get:
n = (1.00 atm) x (20.0 L) / [(0.08206 L atm/mol K) x (273 K)]
n = 0.926 mol
Now we can calculate the molar mass of the unknown gas by dividing its mass by the number of moles:
molar mass = mass / n
molar mass = 205 g / 0.926 mol
molar mass = 221.6 g/mol
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A 4 L sample of gas at 30 degrees celcius and 1 atm is changed to 0 degrees celcius and 800torr. What is its new volume?
A 4 L sample of gas at 30 degrees celcius and 1 atm is changed to 0 degrees celcius and 800torr. 4.51 L is its new volume.
To solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas.
[tex]P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2[/tex]
where P1, V1, and T1 are the initial conditions, and P2, V2, and T2 are the final conditions.
Substituting the given values, we get:
[tex]\left(\frac{{1 , \text{atm} \cdot 4 , \text{L}}}{{303 , \text{K}}}\right) = \left(\frac{{0.8 , \text{atm} \cdot V2}}{{273 , \text{K}}}\right)[/tex]
Solving for V2, we get:
[tex]V2 = \frac{{1 , \text{atm} \cdot 4 , \text{L} \cdot 273 , \text{K}}}{{303 , \text{K} \cdot 0.8 , \text{atm}}} = 4.51 , \text{L}[/tex]
Therefore, the new volume of the gas is 4.51 L when the temperature is changed from 30 degrees Celsius to 0 degrees Celsius and the pressure is changed from 1 atm to 800 torr.
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____SO2 + ____O2 →____SO3.
How many grams of oxygen are needed to produce 16.7 g of sulfur trioxide, SO3?
The mass (in grams) of oxygen are needed to produce 16.7 g of sulfur trioxide, SO₃ is 3.34 grams
How do i determine the mass of oxygen needed?First, we shall determine the mole of sulfur trioxide, SO₃ produced. Details below:
Mass of sulfur trioxide, SO₃ = 16.7 grams Molar mass of sulfur trioxide, SO₃ = 80 g/mol Mole of sulfur trioxide, SO₃ =?Mole = mass / molar mass
Mole of sulfur trioxide, SO₃ = 16.7 / 80
Mole of sulfur trioxide, SO₃ = 0.209 mole
Next, we shall determine the mole of oxygen needed. Details below:
2SO₂ + O₂ -> 2SO₃
From the balanced equation above,
2 mole of SO₃ was produced from 1 moles of O₂
Therefore,
0.209 mole of SO₃ will be produce from = 0.209 / 2 = 0.1045 mole of O₂
Finally, we shall detemine the mass of oxygen, O₂ needed. Details below:
Molar mass of O₂ = 32 g/mol Mole of O₂ = 0.1045 moleMass of O₂ = ?Mole = mass / molar mass
0.1045 = Mass of O₂ / 32
Cross multiply
Mass of O₂ = 0.0888 × 32
Mass of O₂ = 0.178 grams
Thus, that the mass of oxygen, O₂ needed is 3.34 grams
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If 3grams of sodium reacts with 25 grams of sulfuric acid to form sodium sulfate and 1 gram of hydrogen and no sodium is left after the reaction but 9grams of acid remained unreacted how many grams of sodium sulfate were formed
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and sulfuric acid to form sodium sulfate and hydrogen gas is:
2Na + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2H2
From the given information, we can see that the reaction is limited by the amount of sodium available, since all of the sodium is used up in the reaction.
Therefore, we can use the amount of sodium to determine the amount of sulfuric acid that reacted and the amount of sodium sulfate that was formed.
1. Calculate the amount of sulfuric acid that reacted:
m(Sulfuric acid) = 25 g - 9 g = 16 g
n(Sulfuric acid) = m(Sulfuric acid) / M(Sulfuric acid) = 16 g / 98.08 g/mol = 0.163 mol
2. Calculate the amount of sodium sulfate formed:
Since the mole ratio of Na to Na2SO4 is 2:1, the number of moles of sodium used is:
n(Na) = m(Na) / M(Na) = 3 g / 22.99 g/mol = 0.1305 mol
The amount of sodium sulfate formed is also 0.1305 mol, since the mole ratio of Na to Na2SO4 is 2:1.
m(Na2SO4) = n(Na2SO4) x M(Na2SO4) = 0.1305 mol x 142.04 g/mol = 18.54 g
Therefore, 18.54 grams of sodium sulfate were formed in the reaction.
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832 J of energy is used to raise the temperature of an unknown metal from 65oC to 71oC. If the specific heat of the metal is 0. 466 J/g*C, what is the mass of the metal sample? g (five sig figs)
The formula for calculating the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance is:
q = m * c * ΔT
where q is the amount of energy, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
We can rearrange this formula to solve for the mass of the metal:
m = q / (c * ΔT)
Substituting the given values, we get:
m = 832 J / (0.466 J/g*C * (71oC - 65oC))
m = 832 J / (0.466 J/g*C * 6oC)
m = 832 J / 2.796 J/g
m = 297.1387678 g
Rounding to five significant figures, the mass of the metal sample is 297.14 g.
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27. Identify the particles that facilitate the electric conductivity of the following substances (1) Sodiun metal (ii) Sodium Chloride solution (iii) Molten Lead Bromide
The particles that facilitate the electric conductivity of the following substances. The current is able to flow through the molten lead bromide.
(i) Sodium metal: Sodium is a metal and conducts electricity due to the presence of mobile electrons in it. These electrons are free to move around and allow electric current to flow through the metal.
(ii) Sodium Chloride solution: Sodium chloride solution is a conductive solution because it contains the ions of both sodium and chloride, which are capable of carrying electric current. The positive sodium ions move towards the negative end of the electric field, while the negative chloride ions move towards the positive end of the field.
(iii) Molten Lead Bromide: Molten lead bromide is also a conductor of electricity because it contains the ions of both lead and bromide. The positively charged lead ions are attracted to the negative end of the electric field, while the negatively charged bromide ions are attracted to the positive end of the electric field. As a result, the current is able to flow through the molten lead bromide.
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PLEASE HELP!!!!
If the sun heats my car from a temperature of 293K to a temperature of 338K, what will the pressure inside my car be? Assume the pressure was initially 1 atm.
The pressure inside the car will be approximately 1.16 atm after the temperature increase.
In the solution to this question, we can assume that the temperature increase is isobaric (constant pressure), so we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the final pressure of the car:
PV=nRT
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
We know that the amount of gas in the car will remain constant, so we can write:
[tex]P_1V = nRT_1[/tex]
and
[tex]P_2V = nRT_2[/tex]
where [tex]P_1[/tex] and [tex]T_1[/tex] are the initial pressure and the temperature, whereas [tex]P_2[/tex] and [tex]T_2[/tex] are the final pressure and temperature of the car.
We are given that [tex]P_1[/tex]=1 atm, [tex]T_1[/tex]=293 K, and [tex]T_2[/tex] = 338 K. We need to find the pressure [tex]P_2[/tex]:
We can say that [tex]P_2 = (P_1 T_2/ T_1)[/tex];
= (1 atm)(338 K/293 K)
= 1.16 atm
So, the pressure inside the car will be approximately 1.16 atm after the temperature increase.
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What mass in grams of sucrose must be dissolved in 2000 grams of water to make a 0. 1m solution?
We need to dissolve 6.85 grams of sucrose in 2000 grams of water to make a 0.1 M solution.
To calculate the mass of sucrose needed to make a 0.1 molar solution in 2000 grams of water, we need to use the formula:
[tex]m = n *M * MW[/tex]
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of sucrose needed
Molarity (M) = 0.1 mol/L
volume of solution = 2000 grams of water ÷ density of water = 2000 mL
We need to calculate the number of moles of sucrose that would be present in 2000 mL of a 0.1 M solution:
moles of solute (n) = [tex]M * V = 0.1 mol/L *2.0 L = 0.2 moles[/tex]
Step 2: Calculate the mass of sucrose needed
Molecular weight of sucrose is 342.3 g/mol.
We can use the formula:
[tex]m = n * M * MW \\m = 0.2 moles *0.1 mol/L * 342.3 g/mol = 6.85 g[/tex]
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Research the history of DNA analysis in forensic science and create a timeline to show its evolution over the years
DNA analysis has revolutionized forensic science in the past few decades. It has become an indispensable tool for crime scene investigations, identifying suspects, and exonerating the innocent.
The history of DNA analysis dates back to 1984, when British geneticist Alec Jeffreys developed the technique of DNA fingerprinting. He used variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) to create a unique DNA profile for each individual.
In 1986, DNA analysis was first used in a cri-minal case, where it was used to exonerate a man who had been wrongly convicted of ra-pe and mu-rder. Since then, DNA analysis has been used in several high-profile cases, such as the OJ Simpson trial in 1995 and the identification of 9/11 victims in 2001.
The technique of DNA fingerprinting evolved over the years, with the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and short tandem repeats (STRs) in the 1990s. PCR enabled amplification of DNA samples, while STRs provided greater discrimination power in creating unique DNA profiles.
The first DNA database was established in the UK in 1995, followed by the US in 1998. Today, DNA databases are used worldwide for identifying suspects and matching DNA samples to cri-me scenes.
The latest advancements in DNA analysis include next-generation sequencing (NGS), which can analyze entire genomes, and mitochondrial DNA analysis, which can identify maternal lineage.
In conclusion, DNA analysis has come a long way since its inception in the 1980s. It has become an essential tool for forensic investigations and has contributed significantly to the justice system. The technique continues to evolve, and future advancements in DNA analysis will undoubtedly improve its effectiveness and accuracy.
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Consider these two entries from a fictional table of standard reduction potentials.
X3+ + 3e—>
X(s)
E° = -2. 43 V
Y3+ + 3e—>
Y(S)
E° = -0. 44 V
What is the standard potential of a galvanic (voltaic) cell where X is the anode and Y is the cathode?
Edell
=
V
The standard potential of the galvanic cell where X is the anode and Y is the cathode is 1.99 V.
The standard potential of a galvanic cell can be calculated by subtracting the reduction potential of the anode (X) from the reduction potential of the cathode (Y).
E°cell = E°cathode - E°anode
In this case, Y has a higher reduction potential than X, so Y will be the cathode and X will be the anode.
E°cell = E°Y - E°X
E°cell = (-0.44 V) - (-2.43 V)
E°cell = 1.99 V
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The volume of a sample of gas is 2. 8 L when the pressure is 749. 5 mm Hg and the temperature is 31. 2 C. What is the new temperature in degrees Celsius if the volume increases to 4. 3 L and the pressure increases to 776. 2 mm Hg?
a 120 C
b 280 C
c 480 C
d 210 C
The volume of a sample of gas is 2.8 L when the pressure is 749.5 mm Hg and the temperature is 31. 2°C. (c) 480°C is the new temperature in degrees Celsius if the volume increases to 4. 3 L and the pressure increases to 776.2 mm Hg
Using the combined gas law:
(P1V1) / (T1) = (P2V2) / (T2)
Where:
P1 = 749.5 mm Hg
V1 = 2.8 L
T1 = 31.2 + 273.15 = 304.35 K (temperature converted to Kelvin)
P2 = 776.2 mm Hg
V2 = 4.3 L
T2 = ?
Solving for T2:
T2 = (P2V2T1) / (P1V1)
T2 = (776.2 mmHg * 4.3 L * 304.35 K) / (749.5 mmHg * 2.8 L)
T2 ≈ 758 K
Converting T2 back to Celsius:
T2 = 758 K - 273.15 = 484.85°C ≈ 480°C
Therefore, the new temperature is approximately 480°C.
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In air, nitric oxide gas reacts with oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide,
which appears brown in color:
2 no(g) + o2(g) = 2no,(9)
what mass in grams of nitrogen dioxide would be produced by the
complete reaction of 0.551 grams of nitric oxide gas?
The complete reaction of 0.551 grams of nitric oxide gas would produce 0.846 grams of nitrogen dioxide.
The given chemical equation shows that 2 moles of nitric oxide (NO) gas reacts with 1 mole of oxygen (O2) gas to produce 2 moles of nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Therefore, the stoichiometric ratio of NO to NO2 is 2:2 or 1:1. This means that for every 1 mole of NO gas, 1 mole of NO2 gas is produced.
To determine the mass of NO2 produced from 0.551 grams of NO gas, we need to first convert the mass of NO into moles using its molar mass. The molar mass of NO is 30.01 g/mol (14.01 g/mol for N and 16.00 g/mol for O).
0.551 g of NO is equivalent to 0.551 g / 30.01 g/mol = 0.0184 moles of NO.
Since the stoichiometric ratio of NO to NO2 is 1:1, the number of moles of NO2 produced will also be 0.0184 moles.
The molar mass of NO2 is 46.01 g/mol (14.01 g/mol for N and 2 x 16.00 g/mol for 2 O atoms).
Therefore, the mass of NO2 produced will be:
0.0184 moles x 46.01 g/mol = 0.846 grams.
Hence, the complete reaction of 0.551 grams of nitric oxide gas would produce 0.846 grams of nitrogen dioxide.
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What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 2. 0 mol of solute in 6. 0 L of solvent?
The molarity of the solution is 0.33 M.
To calculate the molarity, you need to divide the moles of solute by the volume of the solvent in liters. In this case, you have 2.0 moles of solute and 6.0 liters of solvent. Using the formula M = moles/volume, you can find the molarity of the solution:
M = (2.0 moles) / (6.0 L)
M = 0.33 M
This means that the concentration of the solute in the solution is 0.33 moles per liter. Molarity is an important concept in chemistry as it helps in determining the concentration of a particular substance in a solution and is useful in various calculations and reactions.
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What volume of an hcl solution with a ph of 1. 3 can be neutralized by one dose of milk of magnesia?.
480 mL of the HCl solution with a pH of 1.3 can be neutralized by one dose of milk of magnesia assuming the concentration of magnesium hydroxide is 0.2 M.
To determine the volume of [tex]HCl[/tex] solution that can be neutralized by milk of magnesia, we need to know the concentration of the milk of magnesia.
Assuming milk of magnesia is a suspension of solid magnesium hydroxide in water, we need to know the concentration of magnesium hydroxide [tex](Mg(OH)2)[/tex] in the suspension.
Let's assume that the concentration of magnesium hydroxide in milk of magnesia is 0.2 M.
The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction between [tex]HCl[/tex] and[tex]Mg(OH)2[/tex]is:
[tex]2HCl + Mg(OH)2 - > MgCl2 + 2H2O[/tex]
From the equation, we can see that two moles of [tex]HCl[/tex] react with one mole of [tex]Mg(OH)2[/tex].
To determine the volume of [tex]HCl[/tex] solution, we need to calculate the number of moles of [tex]Mg(OH)2[/tex] in one dose of milk of magnesia:
0.2 M = 0.2 moles / liter
Let's assume one dose of milk of magnesia is 30 mL, or 0.03 L. Then the number of moles of [tex]Mg(OH)2[/tex] in one dose is:
0.2 moles / L x 0.03 L = 0.006 moles Mg(OH)2
Therefore, this amount of [tex]Mg(OH)2[/tex] would require:
2 x 0.006 = 0.012 moles of [tex]HCl[/tex] for complete neutralization
Now, let's calculate the volume of [tex]HCl[/tex] solution needed to provide 0.012 moles of [tex]HCl[/tex].
The volume of [tex]HCl[/tex] solution can be calculated using the balanced chemical equation and the molarity of the [tex]HCl[/tex] solution:
2 moles HCl / 1 mole [tex]Mg(OH)2[/tex] x 0.012 moles [tex]Mg(OH)2[/tex] / 1 = 0.024 moles HCl
[tex]pH = -log[H+]1.3 = -log[H+]\\[H+] = 5 x 10^-2 M[/tex]
Now we can calculate the volume of the HCl solution using the equation:
moles = concentration x volume
0.024 moles = [tex]5 x 10^-2 M x volume[/tex]
volume = 0.48 L or 480 mL
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A container of helium is at 40°C with a volume of 2. 55 L. What must the temperature be (in °C) raised to for the volume to be 4. 50 L?
A container of helium is at 40°C with a volume of 2. 55 L. The temperature must be 280.81°C raised to for the volume to be 4. 50 L.
Using the combined gas law, we can find the temperature change needed to achieve a volume of 4.50 L:
(P1V1/T1) = (P2V2/T2)
At the start, P1 = P2 since the pressure is constant. So we can simplify the equation:
(V1/T1) = (V2/T2)
Plugging in the given values, we get:
(2.55 L)/(313.15 K) = (4.50 L)/T2
Solving for T2, we get:
T2 = (4.50 L x 313.15 K) / 2.55 L
T2 = 553.81 K
Converting to Celsius, we get:
T2 = 280.81°C
Therefore, the temperature must be raised to 280.81°C for the volume to be 4.50 L.
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If an area has a very cold climate, it is most likely that the area
If an area has a very cold climate, it is most likely that the area experiences low temperatures throughout the year.
Cold climate regions are often characterized by sub-zero temperatures and limited precipitation, which can lead to dry and barren landscapes. These regions are typically found in the polar regions of the world, such as the Arctic and Antarctic, as well as in high-altitude mountain ranges.
The cold climate can have a significant impact on the environment, with many plants and animals adapted to survive in the harsh conditions. In cold climates, plants and animals often have adaptations that help them conserve heat and energy, such as thick fur coats, hibernation, or slow growth rates.
This means that the biodiversity in cold climate regions may be different than that found in more temperate regions.
Human communities that live in cold climate regions have also adapted to the extreme conditions, often relying on traditional techniques to survive. For example, the Inuit people of the Arctic have developed an intricate knowledge of the land and sea to hunt, fish, and gather food. They have also developed specialized tools and clothing to withstand the cold temperatures.
Overall, a cold climate can have a significant impact on the environment and the communities that rely on it. Understanding the unique challenges and adaptations of these regions is crucial for effective conservation and management.
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Ifa container of nitrogen and oxygen gas holds 2. 50 atm of N2 gas and 1. 50 atm of O2 gas, what
is the total pressure inside the container?
The total pressure inside the container is 4.00 atm. This is because the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the individual pressures of each gas present. In this case, we have 2.50 atm of N2 gas and 1.50 atm of O2 gas.
When these two values are added together, we get the total pressure of 4.00 atm. This total pressure is also known as the partial pressure of the gas mixture.
The partial pressure of the gas mixture is the sum of the individual partial pressures of each gas present. Since the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the individual pressures of each gas present, the total pressure in the container is 4.00 atm.
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What concentration of ethylene glycol is needed to raise the boiling point
of water to 105°C? (K⬇️b = 0. 51°C/m)
The concentration of ethylene glycol needed to raise the boiling point of water to 105°C is 9.8 mol/kg or 9.80 molal concentration.
To calculate the concentration of ethylene glycol needed to raise the boiling point of water to 105°C, we can use the following formula:
ΔTb = Kb x molality
Where ΔTb is the change in boiling point, Kb is the boiling point elevation constant for water (0.51°C/m), and molality is the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
First, we need to calculate the ΔTb, which is the difference between the boiling point of the solution (105°C) and the boiling point of pure water (100°C):
ΔTb = 105°C - 100°C = 5°C
Next, we can plug in the values and solve for the molality:
5°C = 0.51°C/m x molality
Therefore;
molality = 5°C / 0.51°C/m
= 9.8 mol/kg
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A 20. 0 g lead ball is heated in a Bunsen burner to 705 degrees celsius. It is then dropped into a 500. 0 g water bath. What is the initial temperature of the water if the final temperature is 35 degrees celsius? The C of lead is 0. 13 J/g degrees C.
[ Remember: Ch2o = 4. 18 J/g degrees celsius]
The initial temperature of the water is 25.8 °C. As a result, the lead ball loses heat rapidly when it is placed in the water bath, causing the water temperature to increase significantly.
What is Temperature?
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. It is a physical quantity that describes how hot or cold an object is. Temperature is usually measured using a thermometer and is commonly expressed in units such as degrees Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), or Kelvin (K).
The energy gained by the water can also be calculated using the formula:
Q = mcΔT
where Q is the energy gained (in joules), m is the mass of the water (in grams), c is the specific heat capacity of water (in J/g°C), and ΔT is the change in temperature of the water (in °C).
We can calculate Q as follows:
Q = (500.0 g)(4.184 J/g°C)(35°C - T)
where T is the initial temperature of the water.
Since the energy lost by the lead ball is equal to the energy gained by the water, we can set these two equations equal to each other and solve for T:
(20.0 g)(0.13 J/g°C)(705°C - T) = (500.0 g)(4.184 J/g°C)(35°C - T)
Simplifying and solving for T gives:
T = 25.8°C
Therefore, the initial temperature of the water is 25.8 °C.
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What volume (mL) of concentrated H3PO4 (14. 7 M) should be used to prepare 125 mL of a 3. 00 M H3PO4 solution?
You should use about 25.51 mL of concentrated H3PO4 to prepare 125 mL of a 3.00 M H3PO4 solution.
To prepare 125 mL of a 3.00 M H3PO4 solution using concentrated H3PO4 (14.7 M), you can use the dilution formula:
M1 × V1 = M2 × V2
Where M1 is the initial molarity (14.7 M), V1 is the volume of the concentrated solution needed, M2 is the final molarity (3.00 M), and V2 is the final volume (125 mL).
Rearrange the formula to solve for V1:
V1 = (M2 × V2) / M1
V1 = (3.00 M × 125 mL) / 14.7 M
V1 ≈ 25.51 mL
Therefore, you should use approximately 25.51 mL of concentrated H3PO4 to prepare 125 mL of a 3.00 M H3PO4 solution.
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15. The ionization potential ……………….. across the period from left to right whereas it as one moves from top to bottom.
(a) increases, decreases
(b) decreases, increases
(c) remains same
(d) None of these
When ammonium is added to water the temperature of the water decreases. Ammonium nitrates can be recovered by evaporating the water added Which explains those observations A the ammonium nitrates dissolved in water and process is endothermic B the ammonium nitrate reacts with the water and process is endothermic C the ammonium nitrates dissolved in water and process is exothermic D the ammonium nitrate reacts with the water and process is exothermic
Ammonium nitrates can be recovered by evaporating the water added explains that ammonium nitrates dissolved in water and process is endothermic. Thus, option A is correct.
When ammonium is added to water, the temperature of the water decreases. This is because the dissolution of ammonium in water is an endothermic process, meaning it requires energy in the form of heat to take place. When ammonium dissolves in water, it absorbs heat from the surroundings, which causes the temperature of the water to decrease.
Furthermore, ammonium nitrates can be recovered by evaporating the water that was added. This indicates that the ammonium nitrates dissolved in water and the process is endothermic. If the ammonium nitrate had reacted with the water, it would not be possible to recover it by evaporation.
Therefore, option A, "the ammonium nitrates dissolved in water and process is endothermic," is the correct explanation for the observations that when ammonium is added to water, the temperature decreases, and ammonium nitrates can be recovered by evaporating the water added.
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using wedge-dash notation to designate stereochemistry, draw (r)-3-aminobutan-1-ol.
To draw (R)-3-aminobutan-1-ol using wedge-dash notation, follow these steps: 1. Draw a four-carbon chain representing butan-1-ol. 2. Add an -OH group to the first carbon. 3. Add an -NH2 group to the third carbon.
To draw (R)-3-aminobutan-1-ol using wedge-dash notation to designate stereochemistry, we first need to determine the absolute configuration of the molecule. The priority of the substituents attached to the chiral center (the carbon with four different groups attached) must be determined according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) rules. The highest priority group is given a number 1, the second-highest priority group is given a number 2, and so on. For (R)-3-aminobutan-1-ol, the substituents attached to the chiral center are: - NH2 (amino group) - highest priority - OH (hydroxy group) - second-highest priority - CH3 (methyl group) - third-highest priority - H (hydrogen) - lowest priority To determine the absolute configuration, we need to look at the orientation of the substituents in three-dimensional space. If the lowest priority group is pointing away from us (into the page), we use the right-hand rule to determine the orientation of the remaining three groups. If the sequence of priorities goes clockwise, the configuration is (R); if it goes counterclockwise, the configuration is (S). In the case of (R)-3-aminobutan-1-ol, we can assign the following orientations: - NH2 (highest priority) - wedge - OH - dash - CH3 - wedge - H (lowest priority) - into the page Based on this, we can see that the sequence of priorities goes clockwise, indicating that the configuration is (R). Therefore, the wedge-dash notation for (R)-3-aminobutan-1-ol is: H NH2 | | C---C | | CH3 OH The NH2 and CH3 groups are represented by wedges, indicating that they are coming out of the page towards the viewer. The OH group is represented by a dash, indicating that it is going into the page away from the viewer. The H group is represented by a thin line, indicating that it is behind the plane of the paper.
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YALL HELP ASAP
1) If big molecules can't get absorbed in the small intestine, why aren't there other big molecules besides fiber, like complex carbohydrates, coming out in the poop of healthy people?
2) What's happening to the other big molecules like complex carbohydrates? How can we explain why the amount of complex carbohydrates could be decreasing as food travels through the digestive system?
WHATS THE ANSWER TO THESE PLS HELPME
1) The reason why other big molecules, such as complex carbohydrates, don't usually come out in the feces of healthy people is because they are broken down into smaller, absorbable units during the digestive process.
If big molecules can't get absorbed in the small intestine, why aren't there other big molecules besides fiber, like complex carbohydrates, coming out in the poop of healthy people:
Complex carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars like glucose through the action of enzymes such as amylase, which is present in saliva and pancreatic secretions. These simple sugars can then be absorbed by the small intestine and used by the body for energy. In contrast, fiber cannot be broken down by human digestive enzymes, so it remains undigested and is eliminated in the feces.
2) What's happening to the other big molecules like complex carbohydrates? How can we explain why the amount of complex carbohydrates could be decreasing as food travels through the digestive system?
As food travels through the digestive system, complex carbohydrates are gradually broken down into smaller, absorbable units. This process begins in the mouth with the action of salivary amylase, which starts breaking down the complex carbohydrates into smaller units. As the food continues to the stomach and then to the small intestine, more enzymes, like pancreatic amylase, are secreted to further break down the complex carbohydrates into simple sugars. These simple sugars are then absorbed by the small intestine and enter the bloodstream, where they can be used for energy or stored for later use. This is why the amount of complex carbohydrates decreases as food travels through the digestive system.
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Calculate the ph of the resulting solution when 85 mL of 0. 3 M nitric acid is mixed with 75 mL of 0. 2 magnesium hydroxide
2. Dragonflies can travel at speeds up to 35 miles perhour. How many meters per second is that? (1 mile = 1609 meters)
3. The Hyperion is the tallest redwood tree in the worldat 379. 7 feet. How many centimeters is that? (1 inch = 2. 54 cm)
4. How many atoms are in 2. 35 moles sulfur?
5. How many molecules are in 3. 45 moles sucrose?
Pls Help ASAP!
2. To convert miles per hour to meters per second, we need to divide by 2.237.
Thus, 35 miles per hour is equal to (35/2.237) meters per second.
Simplifying, we get:
= 15.646 m/s
3. To convert feet to centimeters, we need to multiply by 30.48.
Thus, 379.7 feet is equal to (379.7 x 30.48) centimeters.
Simplifying, we get:
= 1158.754 centimeters
4. To calculate the number of atoms in 2.35 moles of sulfur, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 x 10^23 atoms per mole.
Therefore, the number of atoms in 2.35 moles of sulfur is:
2.35 moles x 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mole = 1.41 x 10^24 atoms
5. To calculate the number of molecules in 3.45 moles of sucrose, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 x 10^23 molecules per mole.
Therefore, the number of molecules in 3.45 moles of sucrose is:
3.45 moles x 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mole = 2.08 x 10^24 molecules
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If 450 ml of water are added to 550 ml of a 0.75 m k2so4 solution, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be?
To determine the molarity of the diluted solution, we need to use the equation:
M1V1 = M2V2
where M1 is the initial molarity of the solution, V1 is the initial volume of the solution, M2 is the final molarity of the solution, and V2 is the final volume of the solution.
In this case, the initial solution is a 0.75 M K2SO4 solution with a volume of 550 mL, and water is added to make a final volume of 450 mL. We can write:
M1 = 0.75 M
V1 = 550 mL
V2 = 450 mL
We can solve for M2:
M1V1 = M2V2
0.75 M × 550 mL = M2 × 450 mL
M2 = (0.75 M × 550 mL) / 450 mL
M2 = 0.92 M
Therefore, the molarity of the diluted solution is 0.92 M.
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B) Express the answer to this multistep calculation using the appropriate number of significant figures: 87. 95 feet x 0. 277 feet +5. 02 feet - 1. 348 feet + 10. 0 feet.
The answer to the multistep calculation, expressed using the appropriate number of significant figures, is 24.3 feet.
In order to determine the appropriate number of significant figures in the answer, we need to follow the rules of significant figures for addition and subtraction.
When adding or subtracting numbers, the answer should be rounded to the same number of decimal places as the measurement with the least number of decimal places.
Here, the measurement with the least number of decimal places is 10.0 feet, which has one decimal place. Therefore, we should round the final answer to one decimal place as well.
Now, let's perform the calculation:
87.95 feet x 0.277 feet + 5.02 feet - 1.348 feet + 10.0 feet = 24.3108725 feet
Rounding to one decimal place, the final answer is:
24.3 feet
Therefore, the answer to the multistep calculation, expressed using the appropriate number of significant figures, is 24.3 feet.
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