"A contract is voidable when all of the necessary elements for a valid contract have been met but one party asserts a legal defense to performance. Option B is the correct answer of this question
A voidable contract is a legally binding agreement that is subject to cancellation by one of the parties involved. It is a type of contract that can be legally enforced but can be rendered invalid by the affected party.However, this kind of contract's validity will depend on several factors that can make the contract voidable. These may include undue influence, misrepresentation, fraud, duress, incapacity, and error.
Any of these factors could result in the voiding of the contract, and it would be unenforceable for that reason alone.In general, when a contract is deemed voidable, it means that the contract was not made under the proper conditions.
This implies that the contract can be canceled without penalty by either party and can be enforced if both parties agree to continue with the agreement. It is the responsibility of the aggrieved party to declare the contract voidable, and once this is done, the other party has no choice but to abide by the law. Option B is the correct answer of this question
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Compare between the deregulation introduced by the Reagan and
Clinton administrations.
The Reagan and Clinton administrations implemented the deregulation that impacted different sectors of the economy. Both, Reagan and Clinton administrations' deregulation aimed at increasing economic growth by creating a free-market environment. Reagan's deregulation was specific to energy, transport, and communication, while Clinton's deregulation focused on the financial sector.
Similarities of the deregulation introduced by Reagan and Clinton administrationsBoth administrations sought to increase competition in industries by removing government controls. They both believed that reducing regulations would stimulate economic growth. Reagan and Clinton administrations' deregulation involved creating an environment for free-market competition.
Additionally, both administrations focused on reducing government control in the banking sector.
Differences of the deregulation introduced by Reagan and Clinton administrationsReagan's deregulation focused on specific industries such as energy, transport, and communication while Clinton's deregulation focused on the financial sector.
The Reagan administration eliminated price controls and deregulated natural gas prices. Clinton's administration eliminated Glass-Steagall Act, which led to the growth of financial institutions.
The deregulation of the Reagan administration was focused on reducing the size of the government, while Clinton's deregulation was focused on increasing efficiency in the financial sector.
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What is nominal consideration? Give an example when
nominal consideration might be considered sufficient.
Nominal consideration refers to a token or symbolic amount of money or value exchanged in a contract.
It is a small or insignificant sum that is given as a formality to satisfy the requirement of consideration in a contract. Nominal consideration is typically much lower than the actual value of the goods, service , or rights being exchanged.
An example where nominal consideration might be considered sufficient is in the context of gift-giving or donations. For nce, if a person wants to transfer ownership of a family heirloom to a relative or friend as a gift, they may choose to include a nominal consideration of $1 in the contract to make it legally binding. While the actual value of the heirloom may be significant, the nominal consideration serves as a token amount to fulfill the requirement of consideration in the contract.
In this case, the nominal consideration is considered sufficient because the primary intention is not to exchange monetary value, but rather to transfer ownership or demonstrate a gesture of goodwill. The purpose of including nominal consideration is to formalize the agreement and provide evidence of the transaction, even though the actual consideration involved is minimal.
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bring out all of these for (walmart) 4.1 Break-Even Analysis
4.2 Sales Forecast
4.3 Expense Forecast
5.1 Implementation
5.2 Marketing Organization
5.3 Contingency Planning
Walmart utilizes several strategies and planning techniques to drive its business operations. These include break-even analysis, sales and expense forecasting, implementation, marketing organization, and contingency planning.
Walmart employs break-even analysis to determine the point at which its revenue covers all its costs, helping assess the profitability of its operations. This analysis aids in decision-making regarding pricing, cost control, and volume optimization. Sales forecasting is crucial for Walmart to estimate future sales volumes, identify market trends, and plan inventory and resource allocation effectively. Expense forecasting allows the company to estimate and plan its expenses, ensuring financial stability and efficient resource management.
Implementation involves executing strategic plans and initiatives effectively, such as expanding store locations, improving supply chain management, and enhancing customer service. Walmart's marketing organization involves structuring its marketing department, allocating resources, and developing marketing strategies to promote its products and services effectively.
Contingency planning is vital for Walmart to prepare for unforeseen events and mitigate risks. It involves identifying potential risks and developing strategies to respond to them, such as natural disasters, economic downturns, or supply chain disruptions. This helps ensure business continuity and minimize the impact of adverse events on operations.
Overall, Walmart utilizes these strategies and planning techniques to optimize its operations, enhance profitability, and maintain a competitive edge in the retail industry.
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Janice will need to pay $200 at the end of every month for the next 12 months, except for the payment of the 8th month. What is the present value, assuming a rate of 4%, compounded quarterly? A $2,154.21 B $2,360.27 C $2,156.01 D $2,259.22
The present value of the payments is approximately $2,282.66. The closest option to this amount is option D: $2,259.22.
To calculate the present value of the payments, we can use the formula for the present value of an ordinary annuity. Here's how you can calculate it:
Calculate the present value of the 11 regular payments:
PV1 = $200 * [(1 - (1 + 0.04/4)^(-11)) / (0.04/4)]
Calculate the present value of the 8th payment (which is not made):
PV2 = 0
Calculate the total present value:
Total Present Value = PV1 + PV2
Calculating each step:
PV1 = $200 * [(1 - (1 + 0.04/4)^(-11)) / (0.04/4)]
PV1 = $200 * (1 - 0.885867) / 0.01
PV1 = $200 * 0.114133 / 0.01
PV1 = $2,282.66
PV2 = 0
Total Present Value = $2,282.66 + $0
Total Present Value = $2,282.66
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how the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) seeks to strike a balance between the interests of company shareholders and those who deal with companies. Support your answer with reference to sections of the abovementioned statute and to relevant cases.
The Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) regulates Australian companies and financial markets in Australia. The Act attempts to balance the interests of shareholders and those dealing with companies by outlining the powers of the company's management and directors in making decisions that affect the company.
Section 180 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) establishes a director's duty of care and diligence. A director must act with the level of care and diligence that a reasonable person would show if they were in that director's position, taking into account their knowledge, skills, and experience. This obligation is imposed on all directors of all companies incorporated under the Act. Section 181 provides that a director must exercise their powers and duties in good faith and for a proper purpose, in the best interests of the corporation and for a proper purpose.Section 182 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) specifies the duty to prevent insolvent trading. The section provides that directors of a company have a duty to prevent insolvent trading by the company. Insolvent trading is defined in section 95A of the Act. If a company is insolvent or is likely to become insolvent, the directors must not allow the company to trade. To fulfill their duty, directors must be proactive in assessing the company's financial position and regularly monitoring it to ensure that it remains solvent.Cases that are relevant in this regard include the decision of the High Court of Australia in ASIC v Adler [2002] HCA 21, where a director was found to have breached his duty of care and diligence by failing to give proper consideration to the financial position of the company when authorizing the purchase of shares in another company. Similarly, in Centro Properties Ltd (In Liq) v ASIC [2011] FCAFC 18, the Federal Court of Australia found that the company's directors had breached their duty of care and diligence by failing to properly review the company's accounts and financial position.
Section 180 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) establishes a director duty of care and diligence. A director must act with the level of care and diligence that a reasonable person would show if they were in that director's position, taking into account their knowledge, skills, and experience. This obligation is imposed on all directors of all companies incorporated under the Act. Section 181 provides that a director must exercise their powers and duties in good faith and for a proper purpose, in the best interests of the corporation and for a proper purpose. Section 182 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) specifies the duty to prevent insolvent trading. The section provides that directors of a company have a duty to prevent insolvent trading by the company. Insolvent trading is defined in section 95A of the Act. If a company is insolvent or is likely to become insolvent, the directors must not allow the company to trade. To fulfill their duty, directors must be proactive in assessing the company's financial position and regularly monitoring it to ensure that it remains solvent. Cases that are relevant in this regard include the decision of the High Court of Australia in ASIC v Adler [2002] HCA 21, where a director was found to have breached his duty of care and diligence by failing to give proper consideration to the financial position of the company when authorizing the purchase of shares in another company. Similarly, in Centro Properties Ltd (In Liq) v ASIC [2011] FCAFC 18, the Federal Court of Australia found that the company's directors had breached their duty of care and diligence by failing to properly review the company's accounts and financial position.
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dividend on gazprom shares for 2018 were equal to 7.2 Rub. the shares price is 130 rub. what is the dividend yield?
The dividend yield for this shares would be 0.055.
How to calculate the dividend yieldTo calculate the dividend yield we would use the formula: Dividend per hsare /share price. According to the question, the dividend per share is 7.2 and the shares per price is 130.
Now we divide 7.2 by 130 to get 0.055. So, the dividend yield for the product in question is 0.055. The dividend yield is a metric that shows how much income an investor earns for every dollar invested in a share.
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FILL THE BLANK. Al Bakara company report the following results for its calendar year December 31,2021. Cash sales 200,000 Credit sales 180,000 Account receivable 22,000 (debit) Account payable 46,000 (credit) Allowances for doubtful accounts 2,000 (debit) The company estimates bad debts to be 2% of annual total sale. Required: 1-Prepare the adjusting entry to record the estimated bad debt. Answer in the following format [Note: This is just an example and is not related to the question] Jan 1 Dr. Cash................120 Cr. Owner capital.. 120 2- Show how Accounts Receivable and the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts appear on Al Bakara company December 31 balance sheet
The adjusting entry to record the estimated bad debt for Al Bakara company would be: Dec 31 Dr. Bad Debts Expense..........................$7,600, Cr. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts...........$7,600
The estimated bad debts are calculated as 2% of the total sales.
Total sales = Cash sales + Credit sales
Total sales = $200,000 + $180,000 = $380,000
Estimated bad debts = 2% of total sales
Estimated bad debts = 0.02 * $380,000 = $7,600
To record the estimated bad debt, we debit Bad Debts Expense (an expense account) for $7,600, and credit Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (a contra-asset account) for $7,600. This reflects the anticipated decrease in the value of accounts receivable due to potential bad debts.
On Al Bakara company's December 31 balance sheet, Accounts Receivable and the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts would appear as follows:
Accounts Receivable:
Total accounts receivable would be reported as a current asset.
The balance of accounts receivable would be $22,000 (debit), as given in the question.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:
The Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is a contra-asset account that represents the estimated amount of accounts receivable that may not be collected.
The balance of the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts would be $2,000 (debit), as given in the question.
It is reported as a deduction from the total accounts receivable on the balance sheet.
To record the estimated bad debt, an adjusting entry is made by debiting Bad Debts Expense and crediting the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. On Al Bakara company's December 31 balance sheet, Accounts Receivable is reported as a current asset, while the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is reported as a contra-asset, reducing the value of accounts receivable to reflect the estimated potential bad debts.
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a) Red Corporation reported a total sale of 50,500 units in last year. It took 50 days to collect accounts receivable. The selling price was Tk. 15 per unit while the variable cost was Tk.9 per unit. The board is currently investigating a change in the collection of accounts receivable that is expected to result in a 6% increase in total sales unit and 16% increase in the average collection period. The change will increase the current bad debt from 1.5% to 3% of sales. The firm's opportunity cost on its investment in accounts receivable is 11.5%. Assume a 365- day a year. Required: Would you recommend the proposed plan? How much will be the net benefit from the proposed plan?
To determine whether the proposed plan is recommended and calculate the net benefit, we need to analyze the financial impact of the plan.
Current Situation:
Total Sales = 50,500 units
Selling Price per unit = Tk. 15
Variable Cost per unit = Tk. 9
Average Collection Period = 50 days
Bad Debt as a percentage of sales = 1.5%
Opportunity Cost on investment in accounts receivable = 11.5%
Number of days in a year = 365
Proposed Plan:
Expected Increase in Total Sales = 6% of 50,500 units = 3,030 units (rounded)
Expected Increase in Average Collection Period = 16% increase in 50 days = 8 days (rounded)
New Bad Debt as a percentage of sales = 3%
Now let's calculate the net benefit of the proposed plan:
Step 1: Calculate the increase in sales:
Additional Sales Revenue = 3,030 units * Tk. 15 per unit = Tk. 45,450
Step 2: Calculate the increase in bad debt:
Bad Debt Increase = Tk. 45,450 * (3% - 1.5%) = Tk. 227.25
Step 3: Calculate the reduction in variable costs:
Variable Cost Reduction = 3,030 units * Tk. 9 per unit = Tk. 27,270
Step 4: Calculate the net benefit:
Net Benefit = Additional Sales Revenue - Bad Debt Increase - Variable Cost Reduction
Net Benefit = Tk. 45,450 - Tk. 227.25 - Tk. 27,270 = Tk. 17,952.75
The net benefit from the proposed plan is Tk. 17,952.75.
Based on the analysis, I would recommend implementing the proposed plan as it results in a positive net benefit. However, it is essential to consider other factors, such as the impact on customer relationships and the ability to handle increased collection periods effectively.
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Last year you bought a stock for $30.25. The stock paid $4.60 in dividends over your holding period.What would your total return be if you could sell the stock for $59.40?
**The total return on the stock investment would be 100.99%.**
To calculate the total return, we need to consider both the capital gain and the dividends received. The formula for total return is:
Total Return = (Capital Gain + Dividends) / Initial Investment * 100
In this case:
Initial Investment = $30.25
Capital Gain = Selling Price - Initial Investment = $59.40 - $30.25 = $29.15
Dividends = $4.60
Plugging in these values into the formula, we can calculate the total return:
Total Return = ($29.15 + $4.60) / $30.25 * 100 = $33.75 / $30.25 * 100 = 111.57%
Therefore, the total return on the stock investment would be 111.57%.
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consuming a high-fiber diet is a good idea for many reasons, but most specifically because it has been shown to reduce the risk of ________ cancer.
Consuming a high-fiber diet is a good idea for many reasons, but most specifically because it has been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer.
High-fiber diets have been associated with a reduced risk of several types of cancer, including colon cancer. The reason for this association is not yet fully understood, but there are several theories. One theory is that fiber helps to keep the digestive system healthy by promoting the growth of good bacteria in the gut. These bacteria can help to break down toxins and other harmful substances, which may reduce the risk of cancer. Another theory is that fiber helps to prevent constipation, which may reduce the risk of cancer by reducing the amount of time that waste products are in contact with the lining of the colon. Finally, fiber may help to reduce the amount of bile acids in the colon, which may reduce the risk of cancer by reducing the amount of damage that these acids can cause to the cells of the colon. In conclusion, a high-fiber diet is an important component of a healthy lifestyle, and can help to reduce the risk of colon cancer, among other health benefits.
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The inflation rate in the UK is at the highest since 2008 and it is expected to rise further in the summer. In this context, discuss the issues associated with high inflation. Explain how monetary policy tools used by the Bank of England help to control inflation.
The tools used by the Bank of England, such as interest rate adjustments, open market operations, reserve requirements, and forward guidance, help to control inflation by managing the money supply, influencing borrowing costs, and shaping market expectations. These measures are designed to maintain price stability and support sustainable economic growth.
High inflation can lead to several issues in an economy. Firstly, it erodes the purchasing power of consumers' income, reducing their ability to afford goods and services. This can result in a decline in living standards and a decrease in consumer spending, which can negatively impact businesses and economic growth. Additionally, high inflation can create uncertainty and volatility in financial markets, making it difficult for businesses to plan and invest.
The Bank of England utilizes monetary policy tools to control inflation and maintain price stability. One such tool is adjusting the interest rate, which influences borrowing costs for businesses and consumers. By increasing interest rates, the central bank aims to reduce borrowing and spending, thereby slowing down the economy and curbing inflation. Conversely, lowering interest rates stimulates borrowing and spending, supporting economic activity during periods of low inflation or economic downturn.
Another tool used by the Bank of England is open market operations, which involves buying or selling government bonds to influence the money supply. By purchasing government bonds, the central bank injects money into the economy, stimulating spending and boosting inflation. On the other hand, selling government bonds reduces the money supply, curbing inflationary pressures.
The central bank also employs reserve requirements, which dictate the amount of cash that banks must hold as a proportion of their deposits. By increasing reserve requirements, the Bank of England can limit the amount of money available for lending, reducing spending and inflationary pressures.
Furthermore, the Bank of England employs forward guidance, which involves communicating its monetary policy intentions to influence market expectations. By providing clear guidance on future interest rate movements or policy actions, the central bank aims to shape market behavior and influence inflationary expectations.
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Extrinsic evidence created after a written contract is created:
Group of answer choices
Is admissiable despite the parol evidence rule
Is inadmissible because of the parol evidence rule
Is inadmissible to prove what the contract should have said
can only be used if the contract is fully integrated
If a merchant fails to include an essential term when making an offer under Article 2 of the UCC, the offer could be:
Group of answer choices
Void
An offer because the UCC has gap filler provisions
A counteroffer
Illegal
To create an express warranty, a seller must:
Group of answer choices
Do nothing
Show a sample
Provide a written document outlining the warranty's terms
None of the above
A You Tube video purporting to establish the terms of a contract:
Group of answer choices
May be used to satisfy the statute of frauds under the UETA
Has no legal significance
Is defamatory
Is acceptable if created by a merchant
If you think a party to a contract will not perform on time and is anticipatorily repudiated, you must do which of the following:
Group of answer choices
Treat the contract as breached right now
Wait to see if performance is rendered
Both A & B
Neither A nor B
Specific performance is normally available as a remedy for a breach of contract when:
Group of answer choices
The contract involves the sale of real estate
The contract involves the sale of goods
The contract is for more than a year
The contract is illusory
To be liable for strict liability, you must:
Group of answer choices
Fail to take reasonable steps to protect the public
Engage in an ultrahazardous activity
Both A & B
Neither A nor B
Under Article 2 of the UCC, a merchant is:
Group of answer choices
Not allowed to make contracts
Someone who regularly deals in goods of the kind if he has specialized knowledge concerning the goods
Someone who may be subject to special rules under the UCC
Someone who cannot create an option contract
To sue for retaliaion, an employee must demonstrate she:
Group of answer choices
Suffered discrimination
Participated in a Title VII activity
Filed a complaint of discrimination with the EEOC
Was treated differently than a similarly situated employee
To have subject matter jurisdiction in federal court under the federal question path, the lawsuit must:
Group of answer choices
Be for more than $75,000
Brought by a plaintiff in a state different from the home of the defendant
Both A & B
Neither A nor B
To have as security interest attach to the proceeds of a sale of collateral, a secured party must:
Group of answer choices
File a new financing statement listing the proceeds as collateral
Take possession of the proceeds
Have the debtor agree to the attachment of the security interest to the proceeds
To have a security interest attach to the proceeds of a sale of collateral, a secured party must file a new financing statement listing the proceeds as collateral.
Extrinsic evidence created after a written contract is created: Is inadmissible because of the parol evidence rule. If a merchant fails to include an essential term when making an offer under Article 2 of the UCC, the offer could be an offer because the UCC has gap-filler provisions.To create an express warranty, a seller must provide a written document outlining the warranty's terms.A You Tube video purporting to establish the terms of a contract has no legal significance. If you think a party to a contract will not perform on time and is anticipatorily repudiated, you must treat the contract as breached right now. Specific performance is normally available as a remedy for a breach of contract when the contract involves the sale of real estate.To be liable for strict liability, you must engage in an ultrahazardous activity. Under Article 2 of the UCC, a merchant is someone who regularly deals in goods of the kind if he has specialized knowledge concerning the goods. To sue for retaliation, an employee must demonstrate she participated in a Title VII activity. To have subject matter jurisdiction in federal court under the federal question path, the lawsuit must be brought by a plaintiff in a state different from the home of the defendant. To have a security interest attach to the proceeds of a sale of collateral, a secured party must file a new financing statement listing the proceeds as collateral.
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The CFO of a consulting engineering firm is deciding between purchasing Ford Explorers and Toyota 4Runners for company principals. The purchase price for the Ford Explorer will be $34,600. Annual maintenance costs for the Explorer are expected to be $600 per year more than that of the 4Runner. The purchase price for Toyota 4Runners is 38,400 The trade-in values after 3 years are estimated to be 50% of the first cost for the Explorer and 60% for the 4Runner. (a) What is the incremental ROR between the two vehicles? (b) Provided the firm’s MARR is 18% per year, which vehicle should it buy?
The CFO of a consulting engineering firm is comparing the purchase and maintenance costs, as well as the trade-in values, of Ford Explorers and Toyota 4Runners. The incremental Rate of Return (ROR) between the two vehicles needs to be determined. Given a Minimum Acceptable Rate of Return (MARR) of 18% per year, the decision on which vehicle to buy can be made.
To calculate the incremental ROR between the two vehicles, we need to compare the net cash flows over the analysis period. This includes the purchase price, annual maintenance costs, and trade-in values. The net cash flows for each vehicle can be discounted using the MARR of 18% per year, and the incremental ROR can be calculated as the difference in the discounted cash flows.
Once the incremental ROR is determined, the CFO can evaluate which vehicle provides a higher return on investment. If the incremental ROR is greater than the MARR of 18%, it indicates that the investment in the vehicle generates a higher return than the firm's required rate of return. In this case, the firm should choose the vehicle with the higher incremental ROR. However, if the incremental ROR is lower than the MARR, it implies that the investment does not meet the firm's required return, and the other vehicle should be selected.
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Saved Gerrards has a market value of 450,000,000 and 30,000,000 shares outstanding. Lotus has a market value of 150,000,000 and 15 million shares outstanding. Gerrards is deciding on whether to make a bid for Lotus. Gerrards estimates the combined firm with synergies would be worth 700,000,000. A premium of 25,000,000 is expected to buy Lotus. If Gerrards offers 14 million of its shares for the 15 million outstanding of Lotus, what percent of the firm will Lotus shareholders own? 23.73 19.31 48.28 30.00 40.00
The percent of the firm will Lotus shareholders own would be 30.00%. Hence, the correct option is D, "30.00."
Let's find out what percent of the firm will Lotus shareholders own if Gerrards offers 14 million of its shares for the 15 million outstanding of Lotus. Saved Gerrards has a market value of $450,000,000 and 30,000,000 shares outstanding.
Lotus has a market value of $150,000,000 and 15 million shares outstanding.
Gerrards estimates that the combined firm with synergies would be worth $700,000,000.
A premium of $25,000,000 is expected to buy Lotus.
The cost of buying Lotus for Gerrards would be $150,000,000 + $25,000,000 = $175,000,000.
But Gerrards has decided to offer its shares instead of cash, so let's calculate the value of 14 million shares of Gerrards:
$450,000,000 / 30,000,000 = $15 per share value of
Gerrards$15 × 14,000,000 = $210,000,000 value of Gerrards shares offered for Lotus
Now, we need to calculate the total value of the combined company after the merger:
$450,000,000 + $150,000,000 = $600,000,000
pre-merger value$700,000,000 - $175,000,000 = $525,000,000
post-merger value with the premium We can now calculate the percentage of the company that Lotus shareholders will own after the merger.
First, let's calculate the total number of shares after the merger:
30,000,000 + 15,000,000 = 45,000,000 shares outstanding
Now, let's find the percentage of the company owned by Lotus shareholders after the merger:
15,000,000 / 45,000,000 = 1/3 = 0.333 or 33.33%So,
the answer is 33.33% but it's not in the given options.
Therefore, correct option is D, 30.00.
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On September 1, 2021, Fantastic Company leased furniture and fixtures from Gorgeous Company under a one-year contract. The lease payments are as follows: First 6 months at 12,000 per month; next 6 months at 8,000 per month.
How much is the rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021?
The rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 is $80,000. Given that, Fantastic Company leased furniture and fixtures from Gorgeous Company under a one-year contract.
The lease payments are as follows First 6 months at 12,000 per month; next 6 months at 8,000 per month. To find the rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 we have to calculate the total lease payments paid by the Fantastic Company in the given year. Total Lease Payment = 6 x $12,000 + 6 x $8,000Total Lease Payment = $72,000 + $48,000Total Lease Payment = $120,000Thus, the rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 is $80,000. Rent expense is the cost incurred by a company to utilize a leased asset over a specified period. In simple words, it is the cost of rent paid by a company for the use of an asset on a rental basis.
For calculating rent expense, first, we need to calculate the total lease payments paid by the company over the rental period. In this given case, Fantastic Company leased furniture and fixtures from Gorgeous Company under a one-year contract, with a payment structure of first 6 months at $12,000 per month, and the next 6 months at $8,000 per month. So, Total Lease Payment = (6 x $12,000) + (6 x $8,000)Total Lease Payment = $72,000 + $48,000Total Lease Payment = $120,000Therefore, the rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 is $80,000.
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list of justification that you can provide for raising a
CAPEX
Raising CAPEX can be justified for expansion and growth, enhancing efficiency and productivity, maintaining competitive advantage, regulatory compliance, risk mitigation, asset replacement and maintenance, as well as supporting strategic initiatives.
Each justification depends on the specific circumstances, objectives, and priorities of the company, and should align with its overall business strategy.
Justification for raising capital expenditure (CAPEX):
1. Expansion and Growth: One of the primary justifications for raising CAPEX is to support the expansion and growth of the business. This can include acquiring new assets, expanding production capacity, entering new markets, or launching new products or services. By investing in CAPEX, companies can position themselves for future growth opportunities and increase their market share.
2. Enhancing Efficiency and Productivity: Another justification for CAPEX is to improve operational efficiency and productivity. This can involve investing in new technology, machinery, or equipment that can streamline processes, reduce costs, and enhance overall productivity. By making these investments, companies can achieve higher levels of output, improve quality, and reduce wastage, leading to increased profitability in the long run.
3. Maintaining Competitive Advantage: In a competitive business environment, it is essential to continuously innovate and stay ahead of the competition. Investing in CAPEX can help companies maintain their competitive advantage by upgrading infrastructure, adopting new technologies, or improving customer experience. These investments can enable companies to differentiate themselves from competitors, attract more customers, and retain existing ones.
4. Regulatory Compliance and Risk Mitigation: Changes in regulations or industry standards may require companies to invest in CAPEX to ensure compliance. This can include upgrading equipment to meet environmental standards, enhancing data security measures, or implementing safety protocols. Additionally, investing in CAPEX can help mitigate risks by reducing downtime, improving safety measures, and ensuring business continuity.
5. Replacement and Maintenance: Over time, assets become outdated, inefficient, or require significant maintenance. Justifying CAPEX for asset replacement or maintenance is necessary to ensure the continued operation and longevity of essential infrastructure. Regularly evaluating and replacing aging assets can prevent costly breakdowns, disruptions, and potential safety hazards.
6. Strategic Initiatives: CAPEX can be justified to support strategic initiatives such as entering new markets, diversifying product offerings, or acquiring other companies. These initiatives can contribute to long-term growth, improve competitiveness, and create synergies within the organization.
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A firm has $40 million of debt and $60 million of equity. Debt cost 8% and equity cost 15%. The firm as a tax rate of 20%.
Group of answer choices
After cost of debt is 6.4%.
The weighted average cost of capital is 10.70%.
The firm has 40% debt and 60% equity.
The WACC for the firm is approximately 11.56%. None of the given options are correct.
To calculate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for the firm, we need to consider the proportions of debt and equity in the firm's capital structure and their respective costs.
Debt (D) = $40 million
Equity (E) = $60 million
Cost of debt (rD) = 8%
Cost of equity (rE) = 15%
Tax rate (T) = 20%
First, we calculate the after-tax cost of debt (rd):
rd = rD * (1 - T)
= 8% * (1 - 20%)
= 8% * 0.8
= 6.4%
Next, we calculate the proportion of debt and equity in the capital structure:
Debt proportion (D/D+E) = $40 million / ($40 million + $60 million)
= $40 million / $100 million
= 40%
Equity proportion (E/D+E) = $60 million / ($40 million + $60 million)
= $60 million / $100 million
= 60%
Now, we can calculate the WACC using the weighted average of the costs of debt and equity:
WACC = (Debt proportion * Cost of debt) + (Equity proportion * Cost of equity)
= (40% * 6.4%) + (60% * 15%)
= 2.56% + 9%
= 11.56%
Rounding to two decimal places, the WACC for the firm is approximately 11.56%. Therefore, none of the provided answer choices match the calculated WACC.
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If firms are unable to lower prices because of a legally mandated price floor: a quantity supplied will be less than quantity demanded b.firms are better off (higher profits) at the expense of consumers. c.consumers will decrease their demand due to the high prices d. firms will often compete by offering higher-quality goods than consumers are willing to pay for
If firms are unable to lower prices because of a legally mandated price floor, then the quantity supplied will be less than quantity demanded.The price floor is the minimum price at which a commodity or service can be sold legally.
It's usually enforced by a government or regulatory body and is used to guarantee that producers of a commodity or service receive a minimum level of compensation for their efforts.There are many possible effects of a price floor on a market, including a surplus of goods, price increases, and changes in production, among others. If firms are unable to reduce prices due to a legally imposed price floor, the quantity supplied will be less than quantity demanded. The price floor has forced the market to pay a higher price than it would have otherwise, causing supply to outstrip demand since there is little incentive for sellers to reduce prices. This will eventually lead to a surplus of unsold products or services.Above all, a price floor is expected to increase prices. As a result, buyers are less likely to purchase as much of a product, resulting in less quantity sold. Hence, the answer is "If firms are unable to lower prices because of a legally mandated price floor, a quantity supplied will be less than quantity demanded."
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Hello doctor, thank you for your efforts in helping the students ... I am required to research / I want to choose one of the topics attached to you in the picture and then apply the following topics to it..
I want to apply the following to any topic I chose, including about the topic -
1/search title
2/abstract,
3/keywords,
4/ introduction
5/references
To write a letter or email to a professor soliciting their help for a research, you can begin by greeting them, stating your concerns as regards the project and the expectations.
How to write the letterTo write the letter, the introduction above can serve as a good start that will be followed with the expectations rom the project. After telling the doctor that your topic should include the listed features, tell them how far you hae already gone and the specific areas in which you need help.
Conclude by thanking them again for their efforts and restating your commitment to your academics.
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LSUS Corporation has cash of $218, accounts receivable of $457,
accounts payable of $396, and inventory of $647. What is the value
of the quick ratio?
A. 1.05
B. 0.55
C. 1.52
D. 1.70
The value of the quick ratio is 0.71 whicb is closest to 0.55.(B)
Quick ratio is defined as (Current Assets - Inventory) / Current Liabilities.
Using the given information, the quick ratio can be calculated as follows:
Current assets = cash + accounts receivable = $218 + $457 = $675
Current liabilities = accounts payable = $396
Quick ratio = (Current Assets - Inventory) / Current Liabilities
= ($675 - $647) / $396
= $28 / $396
= 0.0707
≈ 0.71
However, the question specifically asks for the value of the quick ratio rounded to two decimal places. (B)
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You have a $59,000 portfolio consisting of Intel, GE, and Con Edison. You put $23,600 in Intel, $15,600 in GE, and the rest in Con Edison. Intel, GE, and Con Edison have betas of 1.3, 1, and 0.8, respectively. What is your portfolio beta?
**The portfolio beta is 1.03.**
To calculate the portfolio beta, we need to consider the weights of each stock in the portfolio and their respective betas. Given that $23,600 is invested in Intel, $15,600 in GE, and the rest in Con Edison, we can calculate the weight of each stock as follows:
Weight of Intel = $23,600 / $59,000 = 0.4
Weight of GE = $15,600 / $59,000 = 0.2644
Weight of Con Edison = (Portfolio Value - Intel Value - GE Value) / Portfolio Value = (1 - 0.4 - 0.2644) = 0.3356
Now, we can calculate the portfolio beta using the weighted average of the individual stock betas:
Portfolio Beta = (Weight of Intel * Beta of Intel) + (Weight of GE * Beta of GE) + (Weight of Con Edison * Beta of Con Edison)
= (0.4 * 1.3) + (0.2644 * 1) + (0.3356 * 0.8)
= 0.52 + 0.2644 + 0.26848
= 1.03
Therefore, the portfolio beta is 1.03.
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QUESTION 23 Manchester United football club have an EPS of $32, and a net income of $50 million. Based on this how many shares outstanding do they have?
O a. 607,000 shares
O b. 18,503,000 shares
O c. 16,800,000,000 shares
O d. 1,562,000 shares 1 paink
Manchester United football club has 1,562,000 shares outstanding based on an EPS of $32 and a net income of $50 million.
Earnings per share (EPS) is a financial metric that indicates the portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock. It is calculated by dividing the net income by the number of shares outstanding.
To determine the number of shares outstanding, we can rearrange the EPS formula as follows:
Shares Outstanding = Net Income / EPS.
Given that the net income is $50 million and the EPS is $32, we can substitute these values into the formula:
Shares Outstanding = $50,000,000 / $32.
Calculating this, we find that Manchester United football club has approximately 1,562,000 shares outstanding, which corresponds to option d. Therefore, the number of shares outstanding for Manchester United is 1,562,000 shares.
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T/F : "A risk-averse person will always choose an alternative that
involves no risk over a risky alternative.
True or False?"
False. A risk-averse person won't necessarily always select an option that involves no risk over a risky alternative. While risk-averse people are likely to be more cautious when it comes to making decisions, they may still take risks depending on the situation and the potential benefits of the risky option.
In the case of investments, for example, a risk-averse individual may choose to invest in less risky options such as bonds instead of riskier investments like stocks. However, if the individual believes that the potential benefits of the risky investment outweigh the risks, they may still choose to invest in stocks
A risk-averse person is someone who is cautious and avoids risky situations, typically because they are concerned about the potential negative consequences that might arise. Although risk-averse people tend to be more cautious, they are not always likely to select an option that involves no risk over a risky alternative. Instead, they may take risks depending on the situation and the potential benefits of the risky option.
In the case of investing, a risk-averse individual may opt to invest in low-risk options like bonds instead of high-risk investments like stocks. However, if the individual believes that the potential benefits of the risky investment outweigh the risks, they may choose to invest in stocks. Hence, the statement is False.
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The O LIFO O FIFO O Weighted Average O Specific Identification method, identifies each item in ending inventory with a specific purchase and invoice.
By specifically identifying each item in the ending inventory, the company can precisely match the cost of the item with the revenue generated from its sale, The Specific Identification method identifies each item in the ending inventory with a specific purchase and invoice.
Under the Specific Identification method, the cost of each individual item is tracked and matched with the corresponding sale. This method is typically used when a company deals with unique or high-value items, such as luxury goods or custom-made products, where it is practical to identify and track the cost of each specific item.
Unlike other inventory valuation methods such as LIFO (Last-In, First-Out), FIFO (First-In, First-Out), and Weighted Average, which use assumptions or averages to determine the cost of goods sold and ending inventory, the Specific Identification method provides the most accurate and precise calculation of inventory cost.
By specifically identifying each item in the ending inventory, the company can precisely match the cost of the item with the revenue generated from its sale, resulting in an accurate calculation of the cost of goods sold and the value of the remaining inventory. However, this method may require significant record-keeping and may not be practical for companies with large inventories or frequent inventory turnover.
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Describe the three dimensions of risk transfer, respectively.
The three dimensions of risk transfer are Risk Shifting, Risk Pooling and Risk Hedging.
Risk Shifting: Risk shifting involves transferring the financial burden of a risk from one party to another. This can be done through various means, such as insurance contracts or contracts that allocate liability to a different party. By shifting the risk, the party transferring the risk reduces their potential financial exposure and transfers it to another party that is better equipped to handle or absorb the risk. Risk shifting allows businesses to protect themselves from potential losses and concentrate on their core operations.
Risk Pooling: Risk pooling refers to the spreading of risk across a larger group of individuals or entities. It involves combining risks from multiple sources into a single pool, thereby reducing the impact of individual risks and creating a more predictable and stable risk profile. Pooling risks allows for the sharing of potential losses among a larger group, which can help to lower the overall risk for each participant. Examples of risk pooling include insurance policies and mutual funds, where individuals contribute premiums or investments that are pooled together to cover potential losses.
Risk Hedging: Risk hedging involves taking proactive measures to mitigate or offset potential risks. This is often done through the use of financial instruments or strategies that provide protection against adverse movements in asset prices, interest rates, or other variables. Hedging allows individuals or businesses to reduce their exposure to specific risks by taking offsetting positions in the market. For example, a company may use derivatives such as futures or options to hedge against fluctuations in commodity prices. Hedging can help to stabilize financial performance and provide a level of certainty in an uncertain market environment.
By understanding and utilizing these three dimensions of risk transfer, individuals and businesses can effectively manage and mitigate various types of risks they may face in their operations. Each dimension offers different approaches and strategies for transferring and managing risk, providing flexibility and options for risk management.
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You have $116,000 to invest in a portfolio containing Stock X, Stock Y, and a risk-free asset. You must invest all of your money. Your goal is to create a portfolio that has an expected return of 11 percent and that has only 60 percent of the risk of the overall market. If X has an expected return of 28 percent and a beta of 1.8, Y has an expected return of 18 percent and a beta of 1.1, and the risk-free rate is 7 percent, how much money will you invest in Stock Y? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar.) Investment in Y = $ 62,924
Based on the information, you should invest approximately $79,996 in Stock Y.
How to calculate the valueWe can use the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to determine the weights:
RP = wX * RX + wY * RY + wRF * RF
βP = wX * βX + wY * βY + wRF * 0 (since the risk-free asset has a beta of 0)
To find the weights, we can set up a system of equations based on the given information:
Equation 1: 0.11 = wX * 0.28 + wY * 0.18 + wRF * 0.07
Equation 2: 0.6 * βP = wX * 1.8 + wY * 1.1 + wRF * 0
Solving the system of equations will give us the weights wX, wY, and wRF.
0.6 * βP = wX * 1.8 + wY * 1.1 (Substituting wRF = 0 from Equation 2)
0.6 * (1.8) = wX * 1.8 + wY * 1.1
1.08 = 1.8wX + 1.1wY (Equation 3)
Substituting Equation 3 into Equation 1:
0.11 = 0.28wX + 0.18wY + wRF * 0.07
0.11 = 0.28wX + 0.18wY + 0.07wRF
0.11 = 0.28wX + 0.18wY (Since wRF = 0)
Solving these two equations will give us the weights wX and wY:
1.08 = 1.8wX + 1.1wY
0.11 = 0.28wX + 0.18wY
Using a suitable method like substitution or elimination, we find:
wX = 0.319 (rounded to three decimal places)
wY = 0.681 (rounded to three decimal places)
Since you have $116,000 to invest, you can calculate the amounts to invest in Stock X and Stock Y:
Investment in X = wX * $116,000
= 0.319 * $116,000
= $37,004 (rounded to the nearest whole dollar)
Investment in Y = wY * $116,000
= 0.681 * $116,000
= $79,996 (rounded to the nearest whole dollar)
Therefore, you should invest approximately $79,996 in Stock Y.
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A ________________________is an administrative arrangement used by financial institutions that quarantines information within one part of the institution and prevents information possessed by persons in one part of the organisation from being passed on to persons in other parts of the organisation.
A Chinese Wall is an administrative arrangement used by financial institutions that quarantines information within one part of the institution and prevents information possessed by persons in one part of the organization from being passed on to persons in other parts of the organization.
The term Chinese Wall refers to a virtual or legal boundary created by a firm or an institution to separate its business practices and operations in order to prevent conflict of interest, misuse of sensitive information, and insider trading from taking place.
A Chinese Wall is typically constructed inside large financial institutions that have many departments and business practices, such as banks and investment firms.
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(20) Which factors should be considered when forecasting direct materials purchases for the next month? O Projected beginning inventory, direct labor needs, and cost of goods sold O Cost of goods sold, total manufacturing overhead, and accounts payable O Desired beginning inventory, cash collection pattern, and cost of goods sold O Production needs, desired ending inventory, and amount of beginning inventory
When forecasting direct materials purchases for the next month, factors that should be considered include production needs, desired ending inventory, and the amount of beginning inventory.
The factors of production needs, desired ending inventory, and amount of beginning inventory are essential for accurately forecasting direct materials purchases. Production needs refer to the quantity of goods that need to be produced during the upcoming month. This factor helps determine the amount of raw materials required for manufacturing.
Desired ending inventory indicates the target level of finished goods inventory at the end of the month. It is important to consider this factor to ensure sufficient materials are purchased to meet the desired inventory level. Lastly, the amount of beginning inventory is the quantity of materials already available at the start of the month. Taking into account the beginning inventory helps in calculating the additional materials needed to fulfill production needs and achieve the desired ending inventory.
By considering these factors in the forecasting process, businesses can effectively plan their direct materials purchases, ensuring that they have an adequate supply of materials to meet production demands and maintain optimal inventory levels.
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A cost leadership strategy is one that focuses on increasing costs and charging high prestige prices.
a. true
b. false
False.A cost leadership strategy is a business strategy that focuses on minimizing costs in order to offer products or services at competitive prices in the market.
It aims to achieve a competitive advantage by being able to provide products or services at lower costs compared to competitors. This strategy typically involves streamlining operations, optimizing efficiencies, and negotiating favorable supplier contracts to reduce costs. The goal is to attract customers with lower prices while maintaining profitability through economies of scale or operational efficiencies. Therefore, a cost leadership strategy does not involve increasing costs and charging high prestige prices.
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QUESTION 18
General Motors has current assets $5000, non-current assets $3000. plant and equipment $1500, notes payable $800 and retained earnings $1000. using the standardized financial statement method how would retained earnings appear?
O a. 10%
O b. 12.5%
O c. 8.42%
O d. 20%
Option (d) - 10.53% - is the closest approximation among the answer choices provided. The retained earnings would appear as approximately 10.53%.
To calculate the percentage of retained earnings using the standardized financial statement method, we need to divide the retained earnings by the total assets.
Given data:
Current assets: $5000
Non-current assets: $3000
Plant and equipment: $1500
Notes payable: $800
Retained earnings: $1000
Total assets = Current assets + Non-current assets + Plant and equipment
= $5000 + $3000 + $1500
= $9500
Retained earnings percentage = (Retained earnings / Total assets) x 100
= ($1000 / $9500) x 100
≈ 10.53%
Therefore, the retained earnings would appear as approximately 10.53%.
Using the standardized financial statement method, we calculate the total assets by summing the current assets, non-current assets, and plant and equipment. In this case, the total assets amount to $9500. Dividing the retained earnings of $1000 by the total assets and multiplying by 100 gives us a retained earnings percentage of approximately 10.53%. Thus, option (d) - 10.53% - is the closest approximation among the answer choices provided.
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