Fama and French claim that after controlling for firm size and the ratio of firm's book value to market value, beta is relatively useless in predicting future stock returns. The right answer is e.
In 1992, Fama and French created the Fama and French Three-Factor Mod, an asset pricing model that builds on the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) by include size risk and value risk elements in addition to the market risk factor. This model takes into account the recurring outperformance of markets by value and small-cap stocks.
The model corrects for this tendency of outperforming, which is expected to improve its usefulness as a tool for assessing management performance. The size of the firms, book-to-market valuations, and excess return on the market are the three components of the Fama and French model.
The correct answer is option e.
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In 2019 the total amount of currency in circulation was C = $1,745.10 billion. Demand deposits in the U.S. banking system was about $1,524.80 billion. The total amount of bank reserves equaled R = $1,621.6 billion. The required reserve ratio at the time was rr = 10 percent. First, let's calculate the following: Currency-Deposit Ratio, c = 1.14 (Do not write this as a percentage, write it as a number with two decimals.) Excess Reserve - Deposit Ratio, er = (Do not write this as a percentage, write it as a number with two decimals.) Money multiplier, m = M1 Money Supply, M1 = Billion dollars
Given information:In 2019 the total amount of currency in circulation was C = $1,745.10 billion.Demand deposits in the U.S. banking system was about $1,524.80 billion.
The total amount of bank reserves equaled R = $1,621.6 billion.The required reserve ratio at the time was rr = 10 percent.Currency-deposit ratio,c = 1.14To calculate the excess reserve - deposit ratio, the formula is as follows:er = (R - rr × D) / DHere, R = $1,621.6 billion, rr = 10%, and D = $1,524.80 billion.er = (R - rr × D) / D= ($1,621.6 billion - 10% × $1,524.80 billion) / $1,524.80 billion= $161.96 billion / $1,524.80 billion= 0.11 or 11% (to two decimal places)To calculate the money multiplier, the formula is as follows:m = 1 / rrHere, rr = 10%.m = 1 / rr= 1 / 0.10= 10M1 Money Supply,M1 = C + Dwhere C = $1,745.10 billion and D = $1,524.80 billionM1 = $1,745.10 billion + $1,524.80 billion= $3,269.90 billionThus, the Currency-Deposit Ratio, c = 1.14.Excess Reserve - Deposit Ratio, er = 11%.Money multiplier, m = 10.M1 Money Supply, M1 = $3,269.90 billion.
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Currency-Deposit Ratio,c = 1.14, the Excess reserves is 3214.22 billion and the Money multiplier, m = 1.14. The currency deposit ratio or C-D ratio and the excess reserve deposit ratio or ER-D ratio are the ratios used to measure the amount of cash that a bank keeps on hand relative to the total amount of money that the bank has in demand deposits.
Currency-Deposit Ratio,c = (Currency in circulation) / (Demand deposits)C-D Ratio,
c = 1745.10 / 1524.80= 1.143 (rounded to two decimal places)
Hence, the Currency-Deposit Ratio,
c = 1.14.
Excess Reserve - Deposit Ratio,
er = (Excess reserves) / (Demand deposits)
As we know that, Excess reserves = Total reserves - Required reserves
Total reserves = Bank reserves R + Cash held by banks
Required reserves = (required reserve ratio) x (Demand deposits)
Required reserves rr = 10% or 0.1 (given)So, Required reserves
= 0.1 * 1524.80= 152.48 billion
Total reserves = R + C (currency in circulation)
= 1621.6 + 1745.10= 3366.70 billion
Excess reserves = Total reserves - Required reserves
= 3366.70 - 152.48= 3214.22 billion
Therefore, Er-D Ratio, er = 3214.22 / 1524.80= 2.11 (rounded to two decimal places)
Hence, the Excess Reserve - Deposit Ratio,
er = 2.11.Money multiplier, m = (Money supply) / (Monetary base)
Monetary base = Currency in circulation + Bank reserves
= C + R= 1745.10 + 1621.60= 3366.70 billion
M1 money supply is the narrowest definition of the money supply that includes all physical money, such as coins and currency in circulation as well as demand deposits.
Money multiplier, m = M1 / Monetary baseM1 Money supply, M1 = $3,850.50 billion
Money multiplier, m = M1 / Monetary base
= 3850.50 / 3366.70= 1.14 (rounded to two decimal places)
Hence, the Money multiplier, m = 1.14.
The C-D ratio is a measure of the cash reserves held by the banks relative to their demand deposits. It is calculated by dividing the currency in circulation by demand deposits. The ER-D ratio, on the other hand, measures the excess reserves held by the banks relative to their demand deposits. It is calculated by dividing the excess reserves by the demand deposits. The money multiplier is the number of times the monetary base (currency in circulation + bank reserves) is "multiplied" into the money supply. It is calculated by dividing the money supply by the monetary base.
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Which organization is responsible for investigating complaints of violations of the Canadian Human Rights Act? Select one: O a. the Canadian Labour Relations Board O b. the Canadian Human Rights Association O c. the Employment Equity Commission O d. the Canadian Human Rights Commission
The organization responsible for investigating complaints of violations of the Canadian Human Rights Act is the D. Canadian Human Rights Commission. The correct option is (d).
What is the Canadian Human Rights Commission?The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) is a national agency that is responsible for promoting equality, eliminating discrimination, and ensuring that everyone in Canada is treated fairly.
The commission is responsible for investigating and resolving complaints of discrimination based on grounds like race, ethnicity, gender, religion, age, and disability, among others.
The CHRC's mandate is to work towards the elimination of discrimination by promoting human rights in Canada. The Commission investigates complaints, facilitates settlements, and conducts public education programs to raise awareness about human rights issues.
Additionally, the Commission provides advice to individuals and organizations to prevent future discriminatory practices.
Hence, option d. is correct.
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discuss the interface between strategic management , corporate citizenship and sustainability (30)
module is based on governance and sustainability ( MBA level )
please provide references (Harvard referencing ) not older than 5 years
Answer: The interface between strategic management, corporate citizenship, and sustainability is a crucial aspect of contemporary business practices. Strategic management focuses on the long-term goals and direction of an organization, while corporate citizenship emphasizes the ethical and social responsibilities of businesses. Sustainability, on the other hand, involves integrating environmental, social, and economic factors to ensure long-term viability.
The integration of these concepts allows organizations to create value not only for shareholders but also for society and the environment. Strategic management plays a key role in driving sustainability initiatives by aligning business strategies with environmental and social goals. It involves setting objectives, formulating strategies, and implementing actions that consider the triple bottom line—people, planet, and profit.
Corporate citizenship complements strategic management by emphasizing the ethical and responsible behavior of businesses towards various stakeholders, including employees, customers, communities, and the environment. It involves actively contributing to society through philanthropy, volunteerism, sustainable practices, and responsible governance. By integrating corporate citizenship into strategic management, organizations can enhance their reputation, build trust, and create shared value for both the company and society.
Sustainability serves as a guiding principle that influences strategic decision-making and corporate citizenship practices. It requires organizations to assess their impact on the environment and society, and to develop strategies that promote long-term sustainability. This includes adopting environmentally friendly practices, implementing social initiatives, and incorporating sustainability considerations into product development and supply chain management. Sustainability provides a framework for organizations to navigate challenges such as climate change, resource scarcity, and social inequality while identifying opportunities for innovation and competitive advantage.
The interface between strategic management, corporate citizenship, and sustainability is essential for achieving long-term success in today's business landscape. Organizations that effectively integrate these concepts can drive innovation, enhance brand reputation, attract and retain talent, foster stakeholder engagement, and ultimately create sustainable value. By aligning strategic objectives with ethical and sustainable practices, organizations can contribute to a more equitable and environmentally conscious society.
References:
1. Freeman, R. E., Wicks, A. C., & Parmar, B. (2004). Stakeholder theory and “the corporate objective revisited”. Organization Science, 15(3), 364-369.
2. Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (2019). Creating shared value. Harvard Business Review, 97(1), 62-77.
3. Schaltegger, S., & Wagner, M. (2011). Sustainable entrepreneurship and sustainability innovation: Categories and interactions. Business Strategy and the Environment, 20(4), 222-237.
4. Sharma, S., & Vredenburg, H. (1998). Proactive corporate environmental strategy and the development of competitively valuable organizational capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 19(8), 729-753.
5. Werbach, A., & Chandler, C. (2011). Strategy for sustainability: A business manifesto. Harvard Business Press.
(Note: These references are provided as examples for further reading and may not be within the specified 5-year timeframe. Please refer to recent publications and academic journals for the most up-to-date sources in your research.)
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FINC 2022 expects to order 126,000 memory chips for inventory during the coming year, and it will use this inventory at a constant rate. Fixed ordering costs are $200 per order; the purchase price per chip is $25; and the firm's inventory carrying costs is equal to 20 percent of the purchase price. (Assume a 360-day year.) (10 marks)
The total annual inventory carrying cost for FINC 2022 is $630,000.
To calculate the total annual inventory carrying cost, we need to consider the purchase price per chip, the number of chips ordered, and the inventory carrying cost percentage.
The number of memory chips ordered is given as 126,000.
The purchase price per chip is $25.
The inventory carrying cost is equal to 20 percent of the purchase price.
To calculate the total annual inventory carrying cost, we can use the following formula:
Total Annual Inventory Carrying Cost = Purchase Price per Chip × Number of Chips Ordered × Inventory Carrying Cost Percentage
Substituting the given values:
Total Annual Inventory Carrying Cost = $25 × 126,000 × (20/100)
= $25 × 126,000 × 0.20
= $630,000
Therefore, the total annual inventory carrying cost for FINC 2022 is $630,000.
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If average household income increases by 50%, from $40,000 to $60,000 per year, the quantity of rooms demanded at the Peacock______ from 300 rooms per night to 350 rooms per night. Therefore, the income elasticity of demand is_______ , meaning that hotel rooms at the Peacock area normal good .
If average household income increases by 50%, from $40,000 to $60,000 per year, the quantity of rooms demanded at the Peacock increases from 300 rooms per night to 350 rooms per night.
Therefore, the income elasticity of demand is positive, meaning that hotel rooms at the Peacock area normal good.What is normal good?A normal good is a type of good that has a direct relationship between the income and the quantity demanded. It implies that the demand for the normal good increases as consumer income increases. An increase in income can increase the purchasing power of individuals, which leads to increased demand for normal goods.Income elasticity of demand (IED) is a metric used to calculate the effect of a change in the consumer’s income on the quantity of goods or services they purchase. A positive income elasticity of demand indicates that the quantity demanded increases as income rises, while a negative income elasticity of demand indicates that the quantity demanded decreases as income rises.According to the given question, the income elasticity of demand is positive, which means that the quantity of hotel rooms demanded at the Peacock increases as the income of households increases. Therefore, hotel rooms at the Peacock area normal good.
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If the average household income increases by 50%, from $40,000 to $60,000 per year, the quantity of rooms demanded at the Peacock increases from 300 rooms per night to 350 rooms per night.
Therefore, the income elasticity of demand is 1.25, meaning that hotel rooms in the Peacock area are normally good.
Income elasticity of demand ([tex]E_y[/tex]) measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a good or service to a change in consumer income. It's determined by the percentage change in the quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in income.
[tex]E_y[/tex] = (% change in quantity demanded) / (% change in income)
Calculation of Income Elasticity of Demand
In this case, the percentage change in income is 50% (since the average household income increased by 50%).
The percentage change in quantity demanded is
(350-300)/300 = 50/300
= 1/6
= 0.1667 or 16.67%.
Therefore, the income elasticity of demand can be calculated as:
[tex]E_y[/tex] = (% change in quantity demanded) / (% change in income)
[tex]E_y[/tex] = 16.67% / 50%
[tex]E_y[/tex] = 0.3333 or 1/3 or 33.33%
Therefore, the income elasticity of demand is 0.3333 or 1/3 or 33.33%.
As the value is greater than 1, hotel rooms in the Peacock area are normally good.
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You invest $75,000 into an account and withdraw all funds from the account when it reaches $125,000. For full years that funds are in the account, the fund earns an effective annual compound interest rate of 3%, while for fractions of years that the funds are in the account, the fund earns an annual simple interest rate of 4%. Find how long it takes for the funds to be withdrawn.
It takes 1.661 years for the funds to reach $125,000 and 37.5 years with simple interest to accumulate.
How long does it take for the funds to be withdrawn?Calculating the time to reach $125,000 with compound interest: The formula for compound interest is given by: A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Substituting given values:
$125,000 = $75,000(1 + 0.03/1)^(1*t)
(5/3) = (4/3)^(t)
Taking logarithm of both sides:
log(5/3) = t * log(4/3)
t = log(5/3) / log(4/3)
t ≈ 1.661 years
The formula for simple interest is given by: A = P(1 + rt).
Substituting values:
$125,000 = $50,000(1 + 0.04t)
2.5 = 1 + 0.04t
0.04t = 1.5
t = 1.5 / 0.04
t = 37.5 years.
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Construct a table showing the payoff from a long strangle when put options with strike prices $10 and call options with a strike price of $15 are used. (4 marks)
Describe a situation where you would use a long strangle option spread. (1 mark)
Describe a different option strategy that could be used for the same purpose, outlining a comparative advantage and disadvantage of this strategy compared with the long strangle. (2 marks)
Outline the theoretical circumstances under which you would make losses from this strategy. Outline the maximum theoretical profits and losses that could be made. (2 marks)
Discuss the role that leverage has plays in option strategies. (1 mark)
1. Payoff Table for a Long Strangle:
Strike Price of Put Option: $10
Strike Price of Call Option: $15
| Stock Price | Put Option Payoff | Call Option Payoff | Total Payoff |
|-------------|------------------|--------------------|--------------|
| Below $10 | $10 - Stock Price | $0 | $10 - Stock Price |
| $10 - $15 | $10 - Stock Price | Stock Price - $15 | Stock Price - $5 |
| Above $15 | $0 | Stock Price - $15 | Stock Price - $15 |
2. Situation for Using a Long Strangle Option Spread:
A long strangle option spread can be used when an investor expects a significant price movement in the underlying asset but is uncertain about the direction of the movement. It is typically employed in highly volatile markets or before major news announcements that can lead to substantial price swings.
3. Alternative Option Strategy: Long Straddle
An alternative option strategy that serves a similar purpose is the long straddle. In a long straddle, the investor simultaneously buys a call option and a put option with the same strike price and expiration date. The advantage of a long straddle is that it allows the investor to benefit from significant price movements in either direction. However, compared to a long strangle, the disadvantage is that it requires a higher initial investment due to purchasing both options.
4. Circumstances for Losses, Maximum Profits, and Maximum Losses:
Losses in a long strangle strategy occur if the price of the underlying asset remains within the range of the two strike prices (i.e., between $10 and $15 in this case) at expiration. The maximum potential loss is the total premium paid for both options.
The maximum theoretical profit for a long strangle is theoretically unlimited if the price of the underlying asset moves significantly in either direction beyond the breakeven points. However, the profit is limited to the difference between the stock price and the nearest strike price minus the total premium paid.
5. Role of Leverage in Option Strategies:
Leverage plays a significant role in option strategies. With options, investors can control a larger number of shares with a smaller upfront investment compared to buying or selling the underlying asset directly. This amplifies the potential returns and losses. Options allow for the use of leverage, as the investor's exposure to the underlying asset's price movement is magnified. It is important to note that leverage can increase both potential profits and losses, making options a high-risk investment strategy that requires careful consideration and risk management.
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Question 1 Which of the following is NOT a function of an Operations Manager? O Planning O Staffing O Budgeting O Controlling 1 pts
Budgeting is NOT a function of an Operations Manager.
The functions of an Operations Manager typically include planning, staffing, and controlling. Planning involves setting goals, determining strategies, and developing plans to achieve operational objectives. Staffing involves recruiting, selecting, and managing the workforce to ensure adequate staffing levels and the right skill sets. Controlling involves monitoring performance, measuring results, and taking corrective actions to ensure operations are on track.
Budgeting, on the other hand, is typically the responsibility of the finance or accounting department. While Operations Managers may collaborate with the finance department in the budgeting process by providing input and information about operational needs, the primary responsibility for budgeting lies with the finance function.
Among the given options, budgeting is not a function typically performed by an Operations Manager. The Operations Manager's primary focus is on planning, staffing, and controlling operations to achieve operational goals and objectives.
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Follies Bookstore, the only bookstore close to campus, had net income in 2015 of $90,000. Here are some of the financial ratios from the annual report. Profit Margin 12%, Return on Assets 20%, Debt to Asset Ratio 55% Please calculate the following (please show me the details): A) Total Asset Turnover B) ROE
The total asset turnover of this investment would be: 1.67x and the return on equity would be 0.44.
How to calculate the total asset turnoverTo calculate the total asset turnover, we would use the formula: Total Asset Turnover = Sales ÷ Total Assets. According to the question, sales is $750,000 and the total assests is $450,000. Now we will obtain the total asset turnover as follows:
Total Asset Turnover = $750,000 / $450,000
= 1.67
Also, for the return on equity, we will use the formula: Net income ÷ Stockholders' Equity
Return on Equity = $90,000 / $202,500
= 0.44
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The solow model 8 Production function Y=F(K, H, AL) = B (AL) 1-2- are given 03. There is only one product ic the mode Y, physical capita K human capital inputs. Physical and and labor is produced with human Capita d is worn OU Total by the ratio. physical capital revenue Se the C90 of OCCO Marion Qad in SU the inversed proportion Le occumulation Labor rate The of human capital 15 CO is as The given given as technology growth the variables Z k hl 9 + Define AL A) De fine the Stationary state equilibrium B) Find physical the effective human capital and effective balance capital VOUS the stationary state Vanes of product phsical capital c) Find the aod human growth Capitol income D) Find the colpito growth rates of per phsical capital and human capital and E) what 15 Convergence Show it theoretically For which values of there IS convergence. the frame work? with the help of graphics. parameters and B
A) Stationary state equilibrium: In the stationary state equilibrium, the per capita values of physical and human capital, as well as output and consumption, are constant over time. It is a situation where the economic growth rate equals zero, which means that the production and consumption functions are balanced.
B) Effective human capital and effective balance capital in the stationary state: The effective human capital in the stationary state is given by H* = (1 - a) (A/Z) (K/L) a (N/L) 1-a, where a is the share of human capital in total output. The effective balance capital in the stationary state is given by K* = (Z/δ) (N/L) K/L.
C) Physical and human growth capital income in the stationary state: The physical capital income is given by r* K*, where r* is the real interest rate in the stationary state. The human capital income is given by (1 - a) (A/Z) (K/L) a (N/L) 1-a.
D) Growth rates of physical capital and human capital: The growth rate of physical capital is given by δ - n - g, where δ is the depreciation rate of physical capital, n is the population growth rate, and g is the technological growth rate. The growth rate of human capital is given by (1 - a) g.
E) Convergence: In the Solow model, there is conditional convergence, which means that countries with similar levels of physical and human capital will converge to the same steady-state equilibrium. The speed of convergence is determined by the difference between the initial capital stock and the steady-state capital stock.
The parameters and variables used in the Solow model Arely = output K = physical capital H = human capital L = labor N = population AL = total factor productivity (technology)δ = depreciation rate of physical capital n = population growth rate g = technological growth rate a = share of human capital in total output A = technology level Z = scaling factor B = constant in the production function
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This is an online GRADED discussion activity. Directions are as follows: In previous weeks, we learned about numerous different economic concepts and many of them may be associated with assessing macroeconomic performance. - Give an example of a concept learned in this course that you think may be associated with strong macroeconomi performance. - Explain why this is the case. Use real-world examples and explanations. - Give an example of a concept learned in this course that you think may be associated with weak macroeconomic performance. - Explain why this is case. Use real-world examples and explanations.
Example of concept associated with strong macroeconomic performance: Investment
Investment is a concept learned in this course that is associated with strong macroeconomic performance. Increased investment leads to higher levels of capital accumulation, productivity growth, and overall economic expansion. When businesses invest in new equipment, technology, and infrastructure, it stimulates economic activity, creates jobs, and enhances the productive capacity of an economy. For example, China's rapid economic growth over the past few decades can be attributed to its high levels of investment in manufacturing, infrastructure, and research and development. This investment has propelled China's economy to become the second-largest in the world.
Example of concept associated with weak macroeconomic performance: Unemployment
Unemployment is a concept learned in this course that is associated with weak macroeconomic performance. High levels of unemployment indicate underutilization of resources, reduced consumer spending, and a decline in overall economic output. When a significant portion of the labor force is unemployed, it hampers economic growth and leads to social and economic hardships. For instance, during the global financial crisis in 2008, many countries experienced a surge in unemployment rates as businesses downsized or closed down. The resulting decline in consumer demand and income had a detrimental impact on economic performance. Governments often implement policies such as job creation programs and training initiatives to combat high unemployment and stimulate macroeconomic growth.
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Explain the object and purpose of workers’ compensation legislation in Canada and how those objectives are accomplished. If a worker is injured on the job and is not covered by workers’ compensation, what course of action need they take to secure a remedy?
The object and purpose of workers' compensation legislation in Canada are to provide benefits and support to workers who are injured or become ill as a result of their employment. The legislation aims to ensure that workers receive appropriate medical treatment, income replacement, vocational rehabilitation, and other necessary support. The primary objective is to provide a no-fault system where workers can receive benefits regardless of who is at fault for the injury or illness.
Workers' compensation legislation in Canada is designed to protect workers and provide them with financial and medical assistance if they suffer work-related injuries or illnesses. The system operates on the principle of no-fault, meaning that workers are entitled to benefits regardless of who caused the injury. The legislation also promotes timely reporting and investigation of workplace incidents to ensure that injured workers receive the support they need.
To accomplish these objectives, each Canadian province and territory has its own workers' compensation board or commission that administers the program. Employers are required to contribute to a fund managed by the board or commission, and in return, workers are covered by workers' compensation insurance.
If a worker is injured on the job and is not covered by workers' compensation, they should take the following course of action to secure a remedy:
Report the injury to their employer immediately and document the incident.
Seek legal advice from a workers' compensation lawyer to explore alternative options and potential remedies.
File a claim with the appropriate workers' compensation board or commission, even if the employer denies coverage. The worker may need to appeal the decision or seek a hearing to present their case.
If workers' compensation benefits are not available, the worker may pursue a civil lawsuit against the employer or third parties responsible for the injury.
It is important for workers to consult with legal professionals who specialize in workers' compensation laws to understand their rights and options for securing a remedy if they are not covered by workers' compensation.
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Ampomah Group is a large Ghanaian consumer products company with origin in Nkawkaw in the Eastern Region. The company primarily specializes in Shampoo, Diapers, Baby food and Cold medicine. Ampomah Group has business operations in over 50 cities in Ghana. The Company has been following the economic trends since 2020 and has found that after the COVID-19 pandemic, low-income households have been growing two times as quickly as other consumer segments. The preliminary report of the recent 2021 Population and Housing Census indicates a further extension of this trend in the next decade. Low income is defined as families with income at the poverty level or below. Ampomah Group has always had a premium product strategy. It sells its products in grocery stores, convenience stores, mass retailers, etc., but its products are always priced at the high-end of their respective categories. It has never targeted the low-income segment before and doesn’t have a low-income strategy, but given the growth of this segment, the Company is considering entering the low-income segment.
The Group CEO has three questions for you as an MBA graduate. You are free to use relevant diagrams/frameworks/figures in supporting your answers to the questions below
a. Should Ampomah Group have a low income strategy and why?
b. If it should have a low income strategy, what tactics should it deploy?
c. What are some of the risks that Ampomah Group may face?
a. Ampomah Group should consider implementing a low-income strategy due to the significant growth of the low-income segment and the potential market opportunities it presents. By targeting low-income households, Ampomah Group can tap into a previously untapped market segment, expand its customer base, and potentially increase its market share. Moreover, catering to the needs of low-income consumers aligns with the societal goal of providing affordable and accessible consumer products to a wider population.
b. To implement a low-income strategy, Ampomah Group can employ various tactics. Firstly, the company should focus on product affordability by introducing lower-priced product variants or smaller pack sizes to cater to the budget constraints of low-income consumers. Secondly, distribution channels should be expanded to reach remote areas and urban slums where low-income households are concentrated. Collaborating with local retailers or setting up small-scale distribution centers can help enhance accessibility. Lastly, Ampomah Group should invest in effective marketing and communication strategies to create awareness among the target market and emphasize the value and benefits of their products.
c. While entering the low-income segment presents opportunities, Ampomah Group may also face certain risks. One risk is the potential brand dilution if the company's premium image is compromised by offering lower-priced products. Maintaining a balance between affordability and quality is crucial to avoid negative perceptions. Additionally, competition from existing low-cost alternatives in the market may pose challenges. Ampomah Group needs to differentiate its products through unique value propositions or superior quality. Lastly, the company should consider potential supply chain complexities and cost implications associated with reaching remote areas or operating in low-income markets.
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help asap, my answer does not looks right
Enviro Company issues 9.50%, 10-year bonds with a par value of $410,000 and semiannual interest payments. On the issue date, the annual market rate for these bonds is 6.50%, which implies a selling pr
1. The issuer's cash proceeds from the issuance of these bonds, using the implied selling price of 127.375, would be $523,287.50.
2. The total amount of bond interest expense recognized over the life of these bonds is $389,500.
3. The bond interest expense recorded on the first interest payment date is $19,475.
1. Using the implied selling price of 127.375, the issuer's cash proceeds from the issuance of these bonds can be calculated by multiplying the par value of the bonds by the selling price as a percentage.
Cash proceeds = Par value * Selling price
Cash proceeds = $410,000 * 127.375%
Cash proceeds = $523,287.50
Therefore, the issuer's cash proceeds from the issuance of these bonds would be $523,287.50.
2. The total amount of bond interest expense recognized over the life of these bonds can be calculated by multiplying the par value of the bonds by the annual interest rate market rate.
Total bond interest expense = Par value * Annual interest rate
Total bond interest expense = $410,000 * 9.50%
Total bond interest expense = $38,950 per year
Since the bonds have a 10-year term, the total bond interest expense over the life of the bonds would be $38,950 * 10 = $389,500.
3. The amount of bond interest after semiannual interest expense recorded on the first interest payment date can be calculated by multiplying the par value of the bonds by half of the annual interest rate.
First interest payment bond interest expense = Par value * (Annual interest rate / 2)
First interest payment bond interest expense = $410,000 * (9.50% / 2)
First interest payment bond interest expense = $19,475
Therefore, the amount of bond interest expense recorded on the first interest payment date would be $19,475.
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Dorjibari is a renowned fashion house in Bangladesh. It has become one of the leading manufacturers & exporters of high fashion apparel & accessories for Men, Women & Kids. All the plants leveraging on cutting-edge technology that holds to the highest quality parameters while also being environment friendly. To ensure quality & service first they created fusion among east and western culture and set a new trend among teenager. They have a diverse product and varieties to customers across age groups, occasions and styles. During Corona Virus pandemic they have lost few potential employees. They also have downsized few low performing employees. Due to low sales order they also suspended bonus pay and increments of the employees. Promotions of few senior employees are also suspended. Now they are redesigning their performance appraisal, and compensation system to increase the organization's resilience and flexibility. Employers are rethinking the ways to lower cost and become more leffective in what rewards they deliver. Another consideration: For many knowledge workers, temporary work from home has become the new normal. What following strategies do you suggest for them?
Question: 1. What compensation strategy do you suggest for them? Discuss the compensation technique with logics.
In the current scenario, organizations are redesigning their performance appraisal and compensation system to increase their organization's resilience and flexibility. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, employers are rethinking the ways to lower costs and become more effective in what rewards they deliver.
As we know that Dorjibari has downsized few low-performing employees and lost potential employees during the Covid-19 pandemic. They have also suspended the bonus pay and increments of employees due to low sales orders. Hence, the following compensation strategies could be suggested for them. In such a situation, the following compensation strategy could be suggested for them, and that is Variable Pay. It is a strategic compensation strategy where employees receive the base pay, plus an extra amount of pay, which depends on their performance and the organization's profitability. Variable pay will be beneficial for the organization, as well as the employees, as it will help them remain motivated and engaged in their work. Variable Pay can be distributed as follows: Profit Sharing: A portion of the company's profits is distributed among employees as an extra amount of pay based on their performance. The company must have profit to provide profit sharing as a bonus. Hence, it will help the employees remain motivated and work hard to achieve better results. Performance-Based Pay: Employees receive extra pay based on their performance. It could be quarterly or annually. This payment mode will be based on the employee's KPIs or productivity. Hence, it will help the employees remain focused and increase their productivity. Benefits of Variable Pay: Variable Pay will increase employee productivity and engagement as they will be rewarded for their performance. It will help to retain top-performing employees. As the pay structure is performance-based, employees will focus on their work and put more effort into achieving better results. This will help the organization to achieve its goals and objectives easily. Conclusion: Thus, Variable pay is an excellent compensation strategy to be suggested for Dorjibari to motivate their employees to work hard and increase their productivity. Variable pay will provide a more significant pay scale to the employees, and they will put their effort to achieve better results, which will help the organization to increase their profit and achieve their objectives.
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ABC Company has not been able to attract a large pool of qualified candidates and has difficulties retaining its employees. Sally, the General Manager, has come to you for HR consulting advice. After a needs analysis, you determine that ABC does not have an Employer Branding message … no wonder ABC is having problems!
Sally heard about Employer Branding at a business conference but isn’t sold on the benefits of Employer Branding … to her, it’s just empty words on a poster.
Write an email memo (in the first person) to:
1. persuade Sally that Employer Branding can positively impact ABC Company;
2. give her advice about implementing a strong Employer Brand at ABC and;
3. suggest a strategy to sustain ABC’s Employer Brand using your general HR knowledge.
Dear Sally, Thank you for considering my HR consulting services to help address the challenges you are facing at ABC Company. After a thorough needs analysis, I understand that ABC has not been able to attract a large pool of qualified candidates and has difficulties retaining its employees.
The message should be communicated through various channels such as the company website, social media, job postings, and company events. It is essential that the message is authentic and reflective of the company’s internal culture.Sustaining ABC’s Employer Brand can be achieved by implementing the following strategy:Establish a strong Employee Value Proposition (EVP) that defines the unique benefits that employees receive from working at ABC. Encourage employees to be brand ambassadors by promoting the Employer Branding message through word of mouth. Implement an employee referral program that incentivizes employees to refer qualified candidates to open positions.
Monitor and measure the success of the Employer Branding message by tracking key metrics such as candidate quality, candidate volume, employee retention, and employee engagement. Thank you for considering my advice on Employer Branding. If you have any questions or would like to discuss further, please feel free to contact me at any time. I look forward to helping ABC Company achieve its HR goals. Sincerely, [Your Name]
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Explain how you would prevent and control Gumburo
disease on a Broiler Farm. (25 Marks)
It is very advised to get vaccinated. After depopulation, thorough decontamination of contaminated farmland has had mixed results. In broilers, vaccinations are typically given at 14 days of age and can be given by eye drops, drinking water, or SC routes at 1 to 21 days of age.
The best way to manage Gumboro is through vaccination, either through improved MDA in parent stock or through active immunity through direct vaccination of chicks.
This effect has made it crucial to completely regulate the Gumboro illness, including the amount of the virus in farms and the many strains that are now spreading. Utilizing vaccinations is the most efficient method for controlling the "virus population" in farms when it comes to IBD.
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Summarize the overall condition of the Italy's debt
markets (money markets and bond markets, size, primary and
secondary debt market activities, major players (issuers,
investors, intermediaries), etc
Italy's debt markets encompass both the money markets and bond markets. Here is a summary of the overall condition of Italy's debt markets:
1. Money Markets: Italy's money markets involve short-term debt instruments with maturities of one year or less.
2. Bond Markets: Italy's bond markets deal with long-term debt instruments, typically with maturities exceeding one year. Bonds issued by the Italian government, regional governments, municipalities, and corporate entities are traded in these markets.
3. Primary and Secondary Debt Market Activities: In the primary market, issuers raise funds by issuing new debt securities to investors through auctions, private placements, or syndication. Government bond auctions are regularly conducted in Italy.
4. Major Players:
Regional governments, municipalities, and corporate entities also issue debt securities. Prominent Italian companies such as Enel, Eni, Telecom Italia, and banks like UniCredit and Intesa Sanpaolo issue corporate bonds.
Overall, Italy's debt markets offer a range of investment opportunities for both issuers and investors.
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On April 5, purchased merchandise on account from Marin Company for $33,500, terms 2/10, net/30, FOB shipping point. 2. On April 6, paid freight costs of $910 on merchandise purchased from Marin. 3. On April 7, purchased equipment on account for $44,400. 4. On April 8, returned $6,000 of merchandise to Marin Company. 5. On April 15, paid the amount due to Marin Company in full. (a) Prepare the journal entries to record these transactions on the books of Martinez Co. under a perpetual inventory system. (List all debit entries befor no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter O for the amounts) No. Date Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit 1. 2. 3. Prepare the journal entries to record these transactions on the books of Martinez Co. under a perpetual inventory system. (List all debit entries befo no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter O for the amounts) No. Date Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Based on the information provided, here are the journal entries to record the transactions on the books of Martinez Co. under a perpetual inventory system:
No. 1:
Date: April 5
Account Titles and Explanation:
Merchandise Inventory (Debit) $33,500
Accounts Payable (Credit) $33,500
No. 2:
Date: April 6
Account Titles and Explanation:
Freight Expense (Debit) $910
Cash (Credit) $910
No. 3:
Date: April 7
Account Titles and Explanation:
Equipment (Debit) $44,400
Accounts Payable (Credit) $44,400
No. 4:
Date: April 8
Account Titles and Explanation:
Accounts Payable (Debit) $6,000
Merchandise Inventory (Credit) $6,000
No. 5:
Date: April 15
Account Titles and Explanation:
Accounts Payable (Debit) $27,390 [($33,500 - $6,000) - (2% of $27,500)]
Purchase Discounts (Debit) $510 [2% of $27,500]
Cash (Credit) $33,500
Note: The purchase discounts are calculated based on the terms of 2% of $27,500 (the amount eligible for the discount after deducting the returned merchandise).
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A 10% coupon bond with 6 years to maturity and $1,000 par value
is currently selling at $971.11. If market interest rate is 10%,
this bond is
Seleccione una:
under-priced by $30
underpriced by $28.89
If the market interest rate is 10% and the bond is currently selling below its par value, it means the bond is underpriced. However, to determine the exact amount of underpricing, we need to compare the bond's present value to its market price.
Using the present value formula for a bond:
Market Price = Coupon Payment / (1 + Market Interest Rate) + Coupon Payment / (1 + Market Interest Rate)² + ... + Coupon Payment / (1 + Market Interest Rate)⁶ + Par Value / (1 + Market Interest Rate)⁶
Substituting the given values:
$971.11 = $100 / (1 + 0.10) + $100 / (1 + 0.10)² + ... + $100 / (1 + 0.10)⁶ + $1,000 / (1 + 0.10)⁶
Calculating the sum of the present values:
$971.11 = $90.91 + $82.64 + $75.13 + $68.30 + $62.09 + $56.43 + $56.43 + $1,000 / (1 + 0.10)⁶
Simplifying the equation:
$971.11 = $494.83 + $456.33 + $419.07 + $383.70 + $350.64 + $319.76 + $290.96 + $564.47
Combining like terms:
$971.11 = $3,340.76 + $564.47
Adding the terms:
$971.11 = $3,905.23
Since $971.11 is less than $3,905.23, the bond is underpriced. The underpricing amount is calculated by subtracting the market price from the calculated present value:
Underpricing amount = $3,905.23 - $971.11 = $2,934.12
Therefore, the bond is underpriced by $2,934.12. None of the given options is correct.
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Find out M1 and M2. Currency in hands of public- 5400omr Time deposits- 3204omr Checking accounts- 3650omr Retail money funds- 4500omr
The values of M1 and M2 based on the given information are:
M1 = Currency in hands of the public = 5,400 OMR
M2 = M1 + Time deposits + Checking accounts + Retail money funds = 5,400 OMR + 3,204 OMR + 3,650 OMR + 4,500 OMR = 16,754 OMR
To determine the values of M1 and M2, we need to understand the components that make up these monetary aggregates.
M1 includes the most liquid forms of money that are readily accessible for transactions. It consists of:
Currency in hands of the public: 5,400 OMR
M2 is a broader measure of money supply that includes M1 along with certain other relatively liquid assets. It comprises:
Currency in hands of the public: 5,400 OMR
Time deposits: 3,204 OMR
Checking accounts: 3,650 OMR
Retail money funds: 4,500 OMR
Therefore, the values of M1 and M2 based on the given information are:
M1 = Currency in hands of the public = 5,400 OMR
M2 = M1 + Time deposits + Checking accounts + Retail money funds = 5,400 OMR + 3,204 OMR + 3,650 OMR + 4,500 OMR = 16,754 OMR.
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for stockholders, the economic impact of a 100% stock dividend is the same as a select one: a. two-for-one stock split b. three-for-one stock split c. four-for-one stock split d. none of the above
For stockholders, the economic impact of a 100% stock dividend is the same as a two-for-one stock split. Option a is correct.
This means that if a company declares a 100% stock dividend, the stockholders will receive twice the number of shares they previously held. For example, if a shareholder had 100 shares of a company's stock and a 100% stock dividend was declared, the shareholder would receive an additional 100 shares, bringing their total to 200 shares.
This is the same economic effect as a two-for-one stock split, which would also result in the shareholder having 200 shares. A three-for-one or four-for-one stock split would result in the shareholder having 300 or 400 shares respectively, which is not the same economic impact as a 100% stock dividend.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
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A collar is established by buying a share of stock for $58, buying a six-month put option with exercise price $50, and writing a six- month call option with exercise price $66. Based on the volatility of the stock, you calculate that for an exercise price of $50 and maturity of six months, M(dy) = 0.7506, whereas for the exercise price of $66, Md₁) = 0.6549.
Required: What will be the gain or loss on the collar if the stock price increases by $1? (Input the amount as a positive value. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 3 decimal places.)
Gain of .
The gain or loss on the collar if the stock price increases by $1 will be a net loss of $7.
The gain or loss on the collar can be calculated by considering the different components involved. In this scenario, the collar involves buying a stock for $58, buying a put option with an exercise price of $50, and writing a call option with an exercise price of $66.
If the stock price increases by $1, the value of the stock will increase by $1. However, the put option will expire worthless as its exercise price is lower than the current stock price. The call option will be exercised by the counterparty, resulting in a loss.
To calculate the exact gain or loss, we need to consider the net effect of these components. The gain on the stock will be $1, but the loss from the exercised call option will be the difference between the stock price and the call option exercise price.
The loss will be = $66 - $59
= $7.
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Homework: Ch 12 Homework B - Graded Question 6, EF12-20 (similar to) > HW Score: 0%, 0 of 44 points O Points: 0 of 4 Save The O'Brien, Parris, and Lepster partnership balance sheet reports capital of $40,000 for O'Brien, $100,000 for Parris, and $45,000 for Lepster. O'Brien is withdrawing from the firm. The partners have shared profits and losses in the ratio of 1/2 to O'Brien, 1/4 to Parris, and 1/4 to Lepster. The partnership agreement states that a withdrawing partner will receive cash equal to the book value of his partners' equity. Journalize the withdrawal of O'Brien. (Record debits first, then credits. Select the explanation on the last line of the journal entry table.)
The journal entry for O'Brien's withdrawal is : O'Brien's Capital Account (debit) $40,000 Cash (credit) $40,000 Explanation on the last line : O'Brien is withdrawing from the partnership accounting, and his capital account is debited to reduce his equity in the business. Cash is credited to reflect the payment made to O'Brien.
To journalize the withdrawal of O'Brien from the O'Brien, Parris, and Lepster partnership, we calculate the book value of O'Brien's equity and record the appropriate entries.
First, we determine the book value of O'Brien's equity. The partnership agreement states that a withdrawing partner will receive cash equal to the book value of his partners' equity.
O'Brien's share of the capital is $40,000, and the total capital of the partnership is $185,000 ($40,000 + $100,000 + $45,000). Therefore, O'Brien's share of the partners' equity is ($40,000 / $185,000) multiplied by the total partners' equity.
O'Brien's share of the partners' equity = ($40,000 / $185,000) × $185,000 = $40,000.
Now, we record the journal entry for O'Brien's withdrawal:
O'Brien's Capital Account (debit) $40,000Cash (credit) $40,000Explanation: O'Brien is withdrawing from the partnership, and his capital account is debited to reduce his equity in the business. Cash is credited to reflect the payment made to O'Brien.
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COMPUTE THE COST OF NOT TAKING THE FOLLOWING CASH DISCOUNTS (
ROUND 2 DECIMAL PLACES)
2/10 NET 40
2/15 NET 30
2/10 NET 45
3/10 NET 90
To compute the cost of not taking the cash discounts, we need to calculate the effective interest rate (EIR) associated with each discount term. The formula for EIR is:
EIR = [(Discount %) / (1 - Discount %)] × [(365 / (Full Credit Period - Discount Period))]
Let's calculate the cost of not taking the cash discounts for each term:
2/10 NET 40:
Discount % = 2%
Full Credit Period = 40 days
Discount Period = 10 days
EIR = [(2% / (1 - 2%)] × [(365 / (40 - 10))]
= (0.02 / 0.98) × (365 / 30)
≈ 0.0204 × 12.17
≈ 0.2487 or 24.87%
Therefore, the cost of not taking the 2/10 NET 40 cash discount is approximately 24.87%.
2/15 NET 30:
Discount % = 2%
Full Credit Period = 30 days
Discount Period = 15 days
EIR = [(2% / (1 - 2%)] × [(365 / (30 - 15))]
= (0.02 / 0.98) × (365 / 15)
≈ 0.0204 × 24.33
≈ 0.4969 or 49.69%
Therefore, the cost of not taking the 2/15 NET 30 cash discount is approximately 49.69%.
2/10 NET 45:
Discount % = 2%
Full Credit Period = 45 days
Discount Period = 10 days
EIR = [(2% / (1 - 2%)] × [(365 / (45 - 10))]
= (0.02 / 0.98) × (365 / 35)
≈ 0.0204 × 10.43
≈ 0.2132 or 21.32%
Therefore, the cost of not taking the 2/10 NET 45 cash discount is approximately 21.32%.
3/10 NET 90:
Discount % = 3%
Full Credit Period = 90 days
Discount Period = 10 days
EIR = [(3% / (1 - 3%)] × [(365 / (90 - 10))]
= (0.03 / 0.97) × (365 / 80)
≈ 0.0309 × 4.5625
≈ 0.1408 or 14.08%
Therefore, the cost of not taking the 3/10 NET 90 cash discount is approximately 14.08%.
In summary:
The cost of not taking the 2/10 NET 40 cash discount is approximately 24.87%.
The cost of not taking the 2/15 NET 30 cash discount is approximately 49.69%.
The cost of not taking the 2/10 NET 45 cash discount is approximately 21.32%.
The cost of not taking the 3/10 NET 90 cash discount is approximately 14.08%.
Please note that these values are approximate and rounded to two decimal places as requested.
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Its about medical tourism company
.
Section 1; DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN (also called R&D)
A. Development Status and Tasks
B. Difficulties and Risks
C. Product Improvement and New Products
D. Projected Development Costs
E. Proprietary Issues/Intellectual Property (patents, licenses, copyrights, brand names, trade secrets)
Medical tourism is the process of traveling outside the country to obtain medical care while still having a vacation. It has become a fast-growing sector of the global economy, with several companies providing medical travel services.
In the United States, for instance, the cost of healthcare is a major concern, and a lot of people are traveling overseas to get the medical care they require. Design and Development Plan (R&D) is an important part of a medical tourism company. It ensures that the company's strategies are relevant, effective, and efficient. The medical tourism company's development status refers to the current state of the company, including its objectives, priorities, and targets. Its tasks involve outlining the development plan, which details what the company must do to reach its objectives and the resources required for each task. The difficulties and risks of the medical tourism company refer to any challenges that the company may encounter during the development phase, such as financial, regulatory, or legal issues. These difficulties and risks must be identified and resolved before they cause serious problems for the company.
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Your portfolio consists of 100 shares of CSH and 50 shares of EJH, which you just bought at $20 and $30 per share, respectively. a. What fraction of your portfolio is invested in CSH? In EJH? b. If CSH increases to $24 and EJH decreases to $29, what is the return on your portfolio?
a. The fraction invested is approximately 43% .
b. Portfolio return value is 22%.
a. The total investment in the portfolio is $2,500 ($2,000 for CSH and $1,500 for EJH).
The fraction invested in CSH is 4/7 or approximately 57% ($2,000/$3,500).
so fraction invested = 100- fraction invested in CSH
=> 100-57
=> 43%
b. The total value of the portfolio is $3,050 ($2,400 for CSH and $1,450 for EJH).
The first part of the question asks to find the fraction of a portfolio invested in CSH and EJH. Here, the total investment in the portfolio is $2,500, which is the sum of $2,000 invested in CSH and $1,500 invested in EJH.
Therefore, the fraction of the portfolio invested in CSH is $2,000/$2,500 or 4/5, which is approximately 57%, while the fraction of the portfolio invested in EJH is $1,500/$2,500 or 3/5, which is approximately 43%.For the second part, the question states that CSH increases to $24 per share and EJH decreases to $29 per share.
This means the new value of the CSH shares is $24 × 100 = $2,400, while the new value of the EJH shares is $29 × 50 = $1,450. Therefore, the new value of the portfolio is $2,400 + $1,450 = $3,850.
The return on the portfolio is ($3,050 - $2,500)/$2,500 = 22%.
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case: Rolls-Royce limited
Rolls-Royce Limited, the British aeroengine manufacturer, suffered a loss of £58 million in 1979 on worldwide sales of £848 million. The company’s annual report for 1979 blamed the loss on the dramatic revaluation of the pound sterling against the dollar, from £1=$1.71 in early 1977 to £1= $2.12 by the end of 1979.
The most important reason for the loss was the effect of the continued weakness of the U.S. dollar against sterling. The large civil engines that Rolls-Royce produces are supplied to American air frames. Because of U.S. dominance in civil aviation, both as producer and customer, these engines are usually priced in U.S. dollars and escalated accordingly to U.S. indices….
A closer look at Rolls-Royce’s competitive position in the global market for jet engines reveals the position in the global market for jet engines reveals the sources of its dollar exposure. For the previous several years Rolls-Royce’s export sales had accounted for a stable 40% of total sales and had been directed at the U.S. market. This market is dominated by two U.S. competitors, Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Group (United Technologies) and General Electric’s aerospace division. As the clients of its mainstay engine, the RB 211, were U.S. aircraft manufacturers (Boeing’s 747 SP and 747,00 and lock-heed’s L1011), Rolls-Royce had little choice in the currency denomination of its export sales but to use the dollar.
Indeed, Rolls –Royce won some huge engine contracts in 1978 and 1979 that were fixed in dollar terms. Rolls-Royce’s operating costs, on the other hand, were almost exclusively incurred in sterling (wages, components, and debt servicing). There contracts were mostly pegged to an exchange rate of about $1.80 for the 1980, P.6) to be equivalent to as much as $200 million.
Moreover, according to that same Wall Street Journal article, "the more engines produced and sold under the previously negotiated contracts, the greater Rolls-Royce’s losses will be."
Questions
1: Describe the factors you would need to know the assess the economic impact on Rolls-Royce of the change in the dollar: sterling exchange rate.
2: Given these factors, how would you calculate Rolls-Royce’s economic exposure?
3: Explain that,"the more engines produced and sold under the previously negotiated contracts,the greater Rolls-Royce's losses will be"
this is a case study so you have to write these 3 answers according to the passage.. please write in details answers for this all 3 questions separately.
Rolls-Royce Limited, the British aeroengine manufacturer, suffered a loss of £58 million in 1979 on worldwide sales of £848 million. The company’s annual report for 1979 blamed the loss on the dramatic revaluation of the pound sterling against the dollar, from £1=$1.71 in early 1977 to £1= $2.12 by the end of 1979.(1) the factors you would need to know the assess the economic impact on Rolls-Royce of the change in the dollar: sterling exchange rate.(2)For every 1% change in the exchange rate, Rolls-Royce's profits would change by 2%.(3)the more engines produced and sold under the previously negotiated contracts,the greater Rolls-Royce's losses will be £0.3 million
1. Describe the factors you would need to know the assess the economic impact on Rolls-Royce of the change in the dollar: sterling exchange rate.
The following factors would need to be known in order to assess the economic impact on Rolls-Royce of the change in the dollar: sterling exchange rate:
The percentage change in the exchange rate. The proportion of Rolls-Royce's sales that are denominated in dollars. The proportion of Rolls-Royce's costs that are incurred in sterling. The impact of the change in the exchange rate on Rolls-Royce's profits.2. Given these factors, how would you calculate Rolls-Royce’s economic exposure:
Rolls-Royce's economic exposure can be calculated using the following formula:
Economic exposure = (Percentage change in exchange rate) * (Proportion of sales denominated in dollars) * (1 - Proportion of costs incurred in sterling)
For example, if the exchange rate between the dollar and the pound sterling changes by 10%, and 40% of Rolls-Royce's sales are denominated in dollars, and 60% of Rolls-Royce's costs are incurred in sterling, then Rolls-Royce's economic exposure would be:
Economic exposure = (10%) * (40%) * (1 - 60%) = 2%
This means that for every 1% change in the exchange rate, Rolls-Royce's profits would change by 2%.
3. Explain that,"the more engines produced and sold under the previously negotiated contracts,the greater Rolls-Royce's losses will be"
The more engines produced and sold under the previously negotiated contracts, the greater Rolls-Royce's losses will be because the company will be receiving fewer pounds sterling for each engine sold. This is because the exchange rate has changed, and the pound sterling is now worth less than it was when the contracts were negotiated.
For example, if Rolls-Royce sells an engine for $1 million, and the exchange rate is $1 = £1.71, then the company will receive £1.71 million for the engine. However, if the exchange rate changes to $1 = £2.12, then the company will only receive £1.41 million for the engine. This is a loss of £0.3 million.
The greater the number of engines produced and sold under the previously negotiated contracts, the greater the loss will be.
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Explain the stakeholder Analysis Method; Prioritizing,
Learning & Managing stakeholder & Learning About
Stakeholder.
Stakeholder analysis is a method used in project management and strategic planning to identify and understand the interests, influence, and importance of various stakeholders involved in a project or organization. It helps in effectively managing relationships and addressing their needs and concerns. There are three key components of stakeholder analysis: prioritizing stakeholders, learning about stakeholders, and managing stakeholders.
1. Prioritizing Stakeholders:
Prioritizing stakeholders involves assessing their level of influence and impact on the project or organization. It helps determine which stakeholders require more attention and resources. Factors considered for prioritization may include their power, legitimacy, urgency, and proximity to the project. High-priority stakeholders may include key decision-makers, major investors, influential community leaders, or regulatory authorities.
2. Learning About Stakeholders:
Learning about stakeholders involves gathering relevant information about their characteristics, interests, expectations, and concerns. This can be done through surveys, interviews, focus groups, or reviewing existing data. The goal is to gain insights into stakeholders' perspectives, needs, and potential risks they may pose to the project. Understanding their motivations, values, and potential conflicts can guide effective communication and engagement strategies.
3. Managing Stakeholders:
Managing stakeholders involves developing strategies to engage, communicate, and collaborate with them throughout the project lifecycle. It includes creating open channels of communication, establishing feedback mechanisms, and involving stakeholders in decision-making processes. Effective stakeholder management also involves addressing conflicts, managing expectations, and ensuring their concerns are appropriately considered in project planning and implementation.
Learning About Stakeholders:
Learning about stakeholders involves gathering relevant information about their characteristics, interests, expectations, and concerns. This can be done through surveys, interviews, focus groups, or reviewing existing data. The goal is to gain insights into stakeholders' perspectives, needs, and potential risks they may pose to the project. Understanding their motivations, values, and potential conflicts can guide effective communication and engagement strategies.
Overall, stakeholder analysis helps organizations and project teams to understand the interests, expectations, and influence of stakeholders, enabling them to make informed decisions, manage relationships, and mitigate risks. By prioritizing stakeholders, learning about their needs, and effectively managing their engagement, organizations can enhance project success, build stakeholder support, and achieve desired outcomes.
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4. You are contemplating buying a ranch on shortgrass prairie in eastern Colorado. The range condition is good. The range is flat and well-watered (no part of the pasture is over 2.4 km from water). Based on information and your clipping estimates, production of key species average 1300 lb/ac of dry matter per year. The ranch is 5500 ac in size, and you are planning a cow-calf operation. Show me your work, if you want to have credit. Question 1: How many 1000-lb cows can you have in your base herd? Question 2: If sheep were substituted for cattle, how many sheep can you have in your base herd. Question 3: How many cows (1000 lb) and how many yearlings (15-18 months) should you have in your herd in an average forage production year if 40% of your grazing capacity is used for yearlings (15-18 months)? Question 4: How many cows (1000 lb) and how many pronghorns (should you have in an average forage production year if 60% of your grazing capacity is used for pronghorn?
Question 5: If this range were used for only 6 months with yearlings, how many yearlings can you run?
The total number of AUMs required for a yearling would be 3. Therefore, the number of yearlings that can be run on the ranch for 6 months would be 1,846 yearlings.
Answer 1:
The total dry matter production on the ranch would be 1300 lb/ac x 5500 ac = 7,150,000 lb/year. To determine the carrying capacity for cows, we need to convert this to Animal Unit Months (AUMs). The standard AUM for a 1000-lb cow is 1 AUM/month, and one AUM is equivalent to 780 lb of air-dry forage. Therefore, the ranch can support 7,150,000 lb/year ÷ 780 lb/AUM = 9,166 AUMs per year. To determine the number of 1000-lb cows that can be supported, we divide the total AUMs by the AUMs required for one cow: 9,166 AUMs / 12 AUMs/cow = 764 cows.
Answer 2:
The standard AUM for a sheep is 0.20 AUM/month, and one AUM is equivalent to 780 lb of air-dry forage. Therefore, the ranch can support 7,150,000 lb/year ÷ 780 lb/AUM × 0.20 AUM/month/sheep = 1,845 sheep.
Answer 3:
If 40% of the grazing capacity is reserved for yearlings, then the remaining 60% is available for cows. So, the total number of AUMs available for cows is 60% of 9,166 AUMs = 5,500 AUMs. Let's assume that a 1000-lb cow requires 12 AUMs per year, and a yearling requires 6 AUMs per year. If we let X be the number of cows and Y be the number of yearlings, then we have two equations:
X + Y = 764 (the total number of animals)
12X + 6Y = 5,500 (the number of AUMs available for cows)
Solving these equations simultaneously, we get X = 480 cows and Y = 284 yearlings.
Answer 4:
If 60% of the grazing capacity is reserved for pronghorns, then the remaining 40% is available for cows. So, the total number of AUMs available for cows is 40% of 9,166 AUMs = 3,666 AUMs. Let's assume that a 1000-lb cow requires 12 AUMs per year, and a pronghorn requires 2.5 AUMs per year. If we let X be the number of cows and Y be the number of pronghorns, then we have two equations:
X + Y = 764 (the total number of animals)
12X + 2.5Y = 3,666 (the number of AUMs available for cows)
Solving these equations simultaneously, we get X = 394 cows and Y = 370 pronghorns.
Answer 5:
Assuming that each yearling requires 6 AUMs during a 6-month grazing season, the total number of AUMs required for a yearling would be 3. Therefore, the number of yearlings that can be run on the ranch for 6 months would be 7,150,000 lb/year ÷ 780 lb/AUM × 0.40 AUM/month/yearling × 6 months ÷ 3 AUM/yearling = 1,846 yearlings.
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