Answer:
The main factors aimed at securing judicial independence
The previous section has briefly explained why judicial independence is important for maintaining judges' impartiality and the rule of law. This section now focuses on how judicial independence can be guaranteed in its fundamental aspects (external, internal, institutional and individual independence). Various mechanisms are possible, and a range of examples are provided to encourage debate and develop critical thinking.
Judicial independence is a multifaceted concept. There are different institutional, legal and operational arrangements that in abstracto are designed to ensure judicial independence, and they can work differently depending on the historical, political, legal and social context in which the judiciary operates. Therefore, there is not an ideal model of implementing judicial independence in the sense that one-size-fits-all. Judicial independence is - in more concrete terms - the result of a combination of different conditions, measures, checks and balances, that can vary from one country to another. Every country has to find its own balance.
In some countries, for example, judicial independence is basically secured through a self-governing body or council (composed mainly of judges) which is in charge of all the decisions concerning judges' recruitment/nomination, career, transfer and discipline. This occurs, for example, in France, Italy, Mongolia, Nigeria, Poland, Romania, Spain, and Ukraine. In other countries, such as Kenya, South Africa, India, Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, India, Kenya, South Africa, the United States, there is no equivalent body, and judicial independence is thereby secured through various other mechanisms. Therefore, what is deemed to be an essential measure in some countries may be not considered as such in others. This reveals rather different views on the institutional means needed to protect judicial independence.
The process of defining the institutional requirements of judicial independence has by no means come to an end. For example, the oldest institution of the British constitutional system, the office of Lord Chancellor, has been recently redesigned in an effort to bring about a clearer separation between the branches of the State, and to enhance the independence of the judiciary (see the UK Constitutional Reform Act, 2005; Shetreet and Turenne, 2013).
The protection of judicial independence is usually considered as including various aspects that operate on different levels: external and internal independence, and institutional and individual independence. External independence refers to the independence of the judiciary from the political branches (Executive and Legislative power), as well as any other nonjudicial actor. Although there must, of necessity, be some relations between the judiciary and the political powers (especially the Executive), as stated in the Commentary on the Bangalore Principles "such relations must not interfere with the judiciary's liberty in adjudicating individual disputes and in upholding the law and values of the Constitution" (2007, para. 26). Internal independence focuses on guarantees aimed at protecting individual judges from undue pressure from within the judiciary: from other judges and, above all, from high ranking judges. High ranking judges may, for example, exert supervising power over courts' administration (depending on the organization of the judicial system), but they must not - in any way - influence the substance of judges' decision-making.
Institutional independence pertains to the institutional and legal arrangements designed ex ante by the State to shield judges from undue pressure and influence. From this point of view, the most important factors concern the way in which judges are recruited, evaluated, and disciplined, the governance of the judiciary and courts' administration.
Judicial independence is a complex idea. To ensure judicial independence, many institutional, legal, and operational measures have been put in place.
What trends in judicial independence, United Kingdom?How judicial independence can be ensured in its essential facets, including individual, institutional, internal, and external independence. A variety of processes are feasible, and a variety of examples are given to promote discussion and foster critical thinking.
As a result, there isn't a perfect approach for adopting judicial independence that works for everyone. In more concrete words, the outcome of a mixture of many requirements, restrictions, and checks and balances, which can differ from one nation to another, is judicial independence.
However, how well these arrangements function will vary depending on the historical, political, legal, and social context in which the judiciary is employed.
Therefore, The preservation of the rule of law and the impartiality of judges depends on independence.
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Which of the following is a negative externality?
•Government recycling centers
•Noise pollution
•Public libraries
•wi-fi at a shopping canter
Answer:
noise pollution
Explanation:
more dangerous for the environment
Answer:
B. noise pollution
seems to be the most negative, especially to the outside.
Which of the following methods to save for education may not be available for use at a private or out-of-state school?
•Money market account
•Pre-paid plan
•529 plan
•Roth IRA
Answer:
Pre-paid plan
Explanation:
A pre-paid plan is a type of 529 plan which avails an individual or account holder (sponsor) to make payment in advance with respect to educational expenses that would be incurred by a student (beneficiary) in the future. This plan is mainly sponsored by state agencies or the state itself.
Basically, it is often considered to be an effective way to manage and save for the future educational expenses of a student (beneficiary).
Hence, pre-paid plan is a method to save for education but may not be available for use at a private or out-of-state school
Answer:
Pre-paid Plan
Explanation:
The guy above is correct
Help plz thank you give out 20 points and if answered correctly get brainest
Answer:
look below
Explanation:
7 - true
8 - C
9- B
10 - C
첫 번째는 1896 년, 다른 하나는 i dunno.The first is 1896, the other is i dont know
great britain was once covered with old-growth forests but as civilization increased forest loss increased. what is the reason for this?
Answer:
D all of these
Explanation:
edgen 2021
In a certain region, many of the residents are employed by the oil industry. Economists in the region investigated the difference between the salaries of those who work in oil-field jobs and those who work in non-oil-field jobs. Salaries were recorded for a random sample of 84 workers from the 1,200 oil-field workers and a random sample of 72 workers from the 50,000 non-oil-field workers in the region. A 95 percent confidence interval for μO−μN, where μO is the mean salary of all jobs of oil-field workers and μN is the mean salary of all jobs of non-oil-field workers, will be constructed. Have the conditions for inference with a confidence interval been met?
A: Yes, all conditions have been met.
B: No, the data were not collected using a random method.
C: No, the size of at least one of the samples is greater than 10 percent of the population.
D: No, the sample sizes are not large enough to assume the distribution of the difference in sample means is normal.
E: No, the sample sizes are not the same.
Answer:
The answer is A: Yes, all conditions have been met.
Random: Stated
Independent: None of the samples are greater then 10 percent of total population
Normal: n>30 so its assumed to be normal.
Sample sizes don't have to be the same unless it is a Matched pair test.
Explanation:
20 POINTS
Suppose a researcher wants to use a confidence interval to estimate an unknown population proportion p. Which of the following is not a correct statement?
The endpoints of the interval can vary with each new sample.
The endpoints of the interval can vary with each new sample.
A
The probability that p is in the interval is equal to the level of confidence for the interval.
The probability that p is in the interval is equal to the level of confidence for the interval.
B
Whether the interval captures p is not known with certainty.
Whether the interval captures p is not known with certainty.
C
The population proportion p is fixed, but the sample proportion pˆ can vary from sample to sample.
The population proportion p is fixed, but the sample proportion p hat can vary from sample to sample.
D
The interval either does or does not capture p.
Answer:
The probability that p is in the interval is equal to the level of confidence for the interval.
Explanation:
This is not a correct statement. The level of confidence is not equal to the probability that p is in the interval.
The p-value, which assesses the compatibility between the data and the hypothesis being tested, is only possible if the statistical model that was used to calculate it was accurate. The p-value is the likelihood that the observed data will be true if the null hypothesis is true. Thus, option A is correct.
What confidence interval in population proportion p?The results are statistically significant if the confidence interval does not include the value of no difference. As a result, confidence intervals offer the same details as a p-value.
The confidence interval's width and the p value are inversely connected;the smaller the interval, the smaller the p value. The confidence interval, however, provides important details regarding the anticipated size of the effect under investigation and the accuracy of the estimate.
Therefore, The probability that p is in the interval is equal to the level of confidence for the interval.
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Jenny is trying to describe a wave. Which example would be the best description?
a toy car hitting a wall and bouncing back
a toy car rear-ending a toy car that then rear-ends another toy car
two toy cars driving parallel to each other at the same speed
two toy cars driving away from each other at the same speed
Answer:
a toy car rear-ending a toy car that then rear-ends another toy car
Explanation:
all waves carry energy, and the cars bumping into each other transfers energy from one car the the next. it is like a transverse wave, the wave will go perpendicular like a spring moving up and down, dominos tipping over, or a car hitting another car.
A wave can be typified here by a toy car rear-ending a toy car that then rear-ends another toy car.
What is a wave?A wave is a disturbance in a medium that transfers energy. We have to note that waves have a maximum disturbance called an amplitude. We can see an example of a wave when we cause a spring to vibrate.
A typical example of a wave in this case is a toy car rear-ending a toy car that then rear-ends another toy car.
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who are the prophet prophesied about Jesus?
Answer:
çok garip bı soru isa zaten bı peygamber
Below is a portion of a dictionary entry for the word “type”. Match the entry to the correct dictionary component.
1600-1680 - England
Answer:
Origin is the anwser
Explanation:
i took the test on edg.2020
A dictionary entry for the word “type”. Match the entry to the correct dictionary component of origin.
What does Origin mean?The Origin of a thing is known to be the beginning point of which that thing was started.
Conclusively, Note that the word origin can still be seen as ethnic background and it is said to be a portion of a dictionary entry for the word “type”.
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A right cone has a slant height of 17 feet and the diameter of the base is 16 feet what is the height, h of the cone?
Answer:
C
Explanation:
What role does potential energy play in earthquakes
Answer:
The energy in seismic waves that cause the ground to shake Heat energy associated with friction on the fault slip surface Gravitational potential energy (the energy stored when lifting something off the ground, for example) may change as a result of the earthquake Elastic potential energy, as in the recoil energy of a stretched spring.
Explanation:
Down's syndrome is one organic cause of an intellectual disability.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
T
F
The answer is T. The statement is true.
Down's syndrome is an organic cause of an intellectual disability: True.
What is an intellectual disability?An intellectual disability can be defined as a type of psychological condition which causes a living organism (humans) to experience significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.
Based on scientific information and medical records, we can infer and draw a logical conclusion that an organic cause of an intellectual disability is typically down's syndrome.
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Hormone release stops when the stimulus that triggered it, like thirst or high blood sugar, is
satisfied. This is called a
Answer:
This is called a "negative feedback system".
Explanation:
Could someone please help me write a grabber for a DBQ? The question is why was china’s one child policy a good idea?
Answer:
yes i think so ca uhm its a
Explanation:
2. Which of the following , are part of the Texas economy?
I. Oil & Gas
II. Cattle
III. Agriculture,
IV. Cotton
V. Timber
PLEASE HELP
Answer:
OIL & GASCATTLECOTTONi hope it helped
A man who was outside in the rain without an umbrella or hat didn’t get a single hair on his head wet. Why?
Answer:
he doesn't have hair so it can't get wet
Explanation:
individual health is influenced by
Answer:
yo hablo español porfavor pasame la actividad en español para yudarte
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Right on edge 2021
- Define a physical and a chemical change. Give one example of each.
Explanation:
Physical change is a change which doesn't create new substance
example: evaporation of alcohol
Chemical change is a change which create new substamce
example: rusting of iron because it creates iron oxide
Answer: Physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition. Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance. (Searched them up) A example of a physical change would be digesting food. A example of a physical change would’ve breaking glass
Explanation:
Click this link to view O*NET'S Wages and Employment section for Construction Carpenters. A
what is the projected growth for this career between 2019-2029?
O average
O little or no change
x faster than average
O slower than average
Answer:
B or average!!!
Explanation:
just did it edg 2021
Answer:
for me it was slower then average
Explanation:
Over the holiday break, Dee Riva visited the Coke® factory in Atlanta. There is a room with a large container that pumped Coca-Cola into the container before it got bottled. Dee asked her tour guide how fast the Coke was pumped into the container. She decided to hang around and ask every tour guide how fast the pump was running. She wanted to earn some extra credit for her calculus class. The table below shows her results. Notice that the tours did not come by on a regular interval.
Answer:
A. rate at t=0 R(0) = 1.2 rate at t=12 R(12) = 1.4 for maximum amount let say that just after t=0 rate became 1.4 and stayed 1.4 for whole 12 minutes max. amount of coke = 12 * 1.4 = 16.8 gallons B. u
Explanation:
Help plz:(
Natalie budgets $146 for yoga training. She buys a yoga mat for $10 and pays $9 per yoga class. Which inequality represents the number of classes, c, that Natalie can take and stay within her budget?
3. How many pounds of water could be raised in temperature 20°F by the 90% efficient burning of 30
cubic feet of natural gas?
Answer:
[tex]Raise = 1391.85\mu F[/tex]
Explanation:
Given
[tex]Temperature = 20^{\circ} F[/tex]
[tex]Gas = 30ft^3[/tex]
[tex]Efficiency = 90\%[/tex]
Required
Determine the pounds of water
[tex]1031BTU = 1ft^3[/tex] of water
[tex]1\mu F = 20BTU[/tex] - The energy to raise 1 pound of water by 20F
The raise in pounds is then calculated as:
[tex]Raise = Efficiency * Energy * Volume(gas) * cubic\ of\ water[/tex]
This gives:
[tex]Raise = 90\%* \frac{1\mu F}{20BTU} * 30ft^3 * \frac{1031BTU}{1ft^3}[/tex]
[tex]Raise = 90\%* \frac{1\mu F}{20BTU} * 30 * \frac{1031BTU}{1}[/tex]
[tex]Raise = 90\%* \frac{1\mu F}{20} * 30 * \frac{1031}{1}[/tex]
[tex]Raise = 90\%* \frac{1\mu F}{20} * 30 * 1031[/tex]
[tex]Raise = 90\%* \frac{1\mu F}{20} * 30930[/tex]
[tex]Raise = 90\%* 1\mu F * 1546.5[/tex]
[tex]Raise = 1\mu F * 1391.85[/tex]
[tex]Raise = 1391.85\mu F[/tex]
Which of the following best describes the difference between software and hardware?
Software is the material produced by the computer like a business letter; hardware is the information in the computer.
Hardware is the equipment; software is the programs.
Software is the part of the computer that you can touch; hardware is the instructions given to the computer.
Hardware is the outside of the computer; software is the material on the inside of a computer.
Answer:
Option 2: Hardware is the equipment; software is the programs
a) Identify ONE internal development that led to the collapse of the Qing Empire in the early twentieth
century.
Answer:
The main internal causes of the fall of the Qing Dynasty were political corruption and governmental incompetence. Explanation:
Political corruption and bureaucratic ineptitude were the major internal reasons of the Qing Dynasty's demise.
Collapse of the Qing Empire:Political corruption, peasant revolt, and bureaucratic inefficiency were the key internal reasons of the Qing Dynasty's demise.
Pressure from Western countries, as well as advancements in ships and cannons, were some of the external factors.
Also contributing to the dynasty's demise were terrible harvests, conflict, rebellions, overpopulation, economic calamities, and foreign imperialism.
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Which of the following is an example of checks and balances, as
established by the Constitution?
Answer:
Congress modifies an executive order.
Explanation:
:3
What is an example of a footloose industry?
Answer Today
Step 1: Write a four-paragraph essay describing how you would make a difference as mayor. Write about a service/project you would provide to your county if you were mayor. Make sure to include how this project will be funded and how the leaders of the project will be chosen. By describing leadership for your project you must also mention how your government is organized (commission only, commission/administrator/manager, or commission and executive) and why this is the best system for your county. Lastly, explain how home rule helps make your city a great place to live. In a county, laws are made by the local government. Home rule allows cities to make laws for services without needing the state's approval. For example, if your city leaders believe one-way streets help
with traffic flow downtown, they will adopt laws to make their streets one way downtown. Another city might not have the same belief, and that is just fine. It is a local decision being made locally.
Begin your essay with, “If I were elected mayor…”.
Trait theorists are generally more interested in __________ rather than __________.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A. assessing abnormal behavior. . . explaining why behavior occurs
B. explaining why behavior occurs . . . predicting behavioral patterns
C. assessing abnormal behavior . . . describing patterns of behavior
D. describing patterns of behavior . . . explaining why behavior occurs
It should be noted that trait theorists are generally more interested in explaining why behavior occurs rather than predicting behavioral patterns.
Trait theorists can be regarded as theory which focus on the behavior and how it occurred.Therefore it is more on behavioral patterns.
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Answer:
its B
Explanation:
Edge 2023
Definition of generate
Answer:
generate is cause (something, especially an emotion or situation) to arise or come about.
Explanation:
Answer:
cause (something, especially an emotion or situation) to arise or come about.
"changes that are likely to generate controversy"
Explanation:
other words that are similar to generate
The story of Noah's Ark and the Flood Narrative in the Epic of Gilgamesh provide a clear example of a literary parallel. How does this literary parallel shed insight into the meaning of the biblical flood story? What can you determine about Israel's awareness of God and of humanity's relationship to God from this story?
