Explanation:
Immunity is the ability of an animal to resist infection.
There are two types of immunity in the body; INNATE OR INHERITED IMMUNITY AND ACQUIRED IMMUNITY. Inherited immunity it is the type of immunity that one is born with. It is passed from parent to offspring.
Acquired immunity is immunity to particular infections that is not inherited but has developed in the animal's life as it interacts with its environment. Acquired immunity can develop naturally in which case it is called NATURAL ACQUIRED IMMUNITY OR ARTIFICALLY.
ACTIVE IMMUNITY is the form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its OWN antibodies against infections. While PASSIVE IMMUNITY is the form of acquired immunity in which an individual is PROTECTED AGAINST INFECTION BY RECEIVING ANTIBODIES.
NATURAL ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
when attacked by the same pathogens again, they don't became seriously ill. this is because memory cells are able to recognise the antigens and stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against the pathogens. This is known as NATURAL ACTIVE ACQUIRED IMMUNITY. It develops when one recovers from an infection.
During pregnancy, the mother passes antibodies across the placenta to the foetus. At birth the baby gets antibodies from the mother through breast milk. This is natural passive acquired immunity.
What is the relationship between biodiversity and an ecosystem's ability to withstand change?
a. closely related
b. directly proportional
c. inversely proportional
d. there is no relationship
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Inversely proportional
the cause of shin splint is usually due to ____ .
The cause of shin splints is usually (or generally) due to Overuse.
What is a shin splint?A shin splint refers to a health problem associated with pain in the tibia/shin bone.
The tibia bone is very large and its pain is a serious problem, thereby shin splint would be treated immediately.
In conclusion, the cause of shin splints is usually (or generally) due to Overuse.
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Reviewing Meiosis:
1. How many cells are present and how many chromosomes are present in the cell at each stage?
start of Meiosis____
end of Meiosis 1_____
end of Meiosis 2____
Start of Meiosis = 1 cell 1 pair of chromosomes
End of Meiosis 1 = 2 cells crossed over chromosome (combined genes 1 in each cell = 2)
End of Meiosis 2 = 4 cells, 1 chromatid in each (4)
I hope it helps!
How do living organisms help the soil
Living organisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae are very important in the soil, they perform several functions, some of which include the following;
- Living organisms help break down dead plant parts, this helps to add more nutrients to the soil
- Living organisms dig up holes in the soil, this helps to maintain aeration in the soil.
- Living organisms play a major role on the production of humus
- Living organisms help to break large particles of rock
- Living organisms such as Rhizobium bacteria help in the fixing of nitrogen
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Living organisms help the soil in the following ways:
Return nutrients to the soil
Make the soil aerated and porous
How do living organisms help the soil?
Living organisms are found inhabiting the soil and in turn confer various benefits on the soil.
These benefits help the soil and make it more suitable for agricultural practices.
Living organisms such as earthworms make the soil porous for aeration when they burrow into the soil.
Microorganisms also degrade organic compounds and release the nutrients into the soil.
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. cholera is a bacterial infection of the small intestine. vaccination provides protection against cholera. the cholera vaccine is made up of a weakened form of the bacteria that causes cholera. the vaccine will stimulate production and elicit an immune response. if the infection occurs again, the body will produce an even greater attack on the bacteria because of .
The correct option are as follows:
cholera is a bacterial infection of the small intestine.
vaccination provides protection against cholera.
the cholera vaccine is made up of a weakened form of the bacteria that causes cholera.
the vaccine will stimulate production and elicit an immune response.
If the infection occurs again, the body will produce an even greater attack on the bacteria because of acquired immunity.By injecting a heat-killed, weakened organism or its component (antigen) into the body, vaccination aids in the development of immunity. Memory cells and antibodies are produced as a result.Memory cells aid in the development of immunological memory, which helps the immune system to respond to microorganisms that the body has previously encountered with greater strength and efficiency during a secondary immune response.Memory B cells and memory T cells aid in the development of immunological memory.learn more about cholera here: https://brainly.com/question/11346645
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In which of the following ways did Rome limit the consuls' power?
A. Consuls held unlimited power.
B. The consuls served for only one year terms.
C. Consuls were forced to leave Rome for four years following their terms as consul.
D. Consuls were chosen by lot.
Answer:i believe the answer was D
Explanation:i think it is
Can anyone tell me the Plant taxonomy Of any 10 flowers with 1 line explanation of each one
Plant taxonomy is the classification of a plant based on different levels (taxa) such as kingdom, division (phylum), class, order, family, genus, species.
What is taxonomy of ten flowers?The taxonomy of few flowers is as follows:
For Rose flower ; Kingdom : Plantae, Division: Magnoliophyta, Class: Magnoliopsida, Order: Rosales, Family: Rosacea, Subfamily: Rosoideae, and Genus: Rosa, Species: Rosa gallica and Rosa canina.For hibiscus flower: Kingdom: plantae, class: Magnoliopsida, Order: Malvales, Family: Malvaceae, Genus: Hibiscus L.For Buttercup ; Kingdom: Plantae ; Division: Magnoliophyta ; Class: Magnoliopsida ; Order: Ranunculales ; Family: Ranunculaceae,Genus: Ranunculus.For California Poppy: Kingdom: Plantae · Phylum: Spermatophyta · Subphylum: Angiospermae · Class: Dicotyledonae · Order: Papaverales, Family:Papaveraceae.For Daffodil: Domain: Eukaryota · Kingdom: Plantae · Phylum: Spermatophyta · Subphylum: Angiospermae · Class: Monocotyledonae.For sunflower: Kingdom; plante, Division;tracheophytes,Class;Magnoliopsida,Order; Asterales, Family:Asteraceae, Genus: Bellis L. – bellis, Species: Bellis perennis L.For tulip: Kingdom; Plantae, Phylum;Spermatophyta, Subphylum;Angiospermae, Class;Monocotyledonae, Phylum:Spermatophyta, Domain: Eukaryota. For balsam: Kingdom; Plantae, Division; Tracheophyta, Class; Pinopsida conifers,Order; Pinales pines, Family; Pinaceae pines, Genus Abies M., Species: Abies balsamea (L.).For lily: Kingdom; Plantae, Division Tracheophytes, Class; Magnoliopsida, Order;Liliales, Family; Liliaceae, Genus; Lilium.For coneflower: Kingdom; Plantae, Division; Tracheophyta, Class: Magnoliopsida, Order: Asterales, Family: Asteraceae, Genus; Echinacea, Species Echinacea purpurea (L.).Therefore, Plant taxonomy is the classification of a plant based on different levels (taxa) such as kingdom, division (phylum), class, order, family, genus, species.
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chlorophyll a molecules absorb ____ light
chlorophyll is a molecule that absorbs red and blue light
What is the chlorophyll?Chlorophyll is a green pigment located in the mesosomes of cyanobacteria and in chloroplasts of plants used in photosynthesis.
The chlorophyll is known to absorb red and blue wavelengths from the sun.
Therefore, chlorophyll is a molecule that absorbs red and blue light.
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Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder that is passed through generations and can be traced by using a pedigree.In the pedigree that is shown, which represents Irene's allele combination?
Answer:
XHXH
Explanation:
Hemophilia is an inherited genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to manufacture blood clots, which is a necessary step to prevent bleeding. Hemophilia A and B are both X-linked recessive illnesses, although females are not affected. X-linked recessive inheritance is a kind of inheritance in which a mutation in an X-chromosome gene causes the phenotype to be manifested in males who are hemizygous for the gene mutation because they have one X and one Y chromosome.
What is Bilogy and give the types of Bilogy?
Answer:
Biology is a branch of science that deals with living organisms and their vital processes.Three major branches of biology are 1. microbiology2.Zoology3.BotanyMicrobiology is the study of microscopic organisms.Zoology is the study of animals.Botany is the study of plants.Environmental factors can influence natural selection because they can increase or decrease and what can they increase or decrease in
Environmental factors can influence natural selection because they can increase or decrease and what can they increase or decrease in the amount of genetic variation in a population.
What is natural selection?Populations of living things adapt and change through a process called natural selection. A population's members are naturally varied, which means that they are all distinctive in some ways. Because of this variety, some people have characteristics that suit their surroundings more than others.
Four requirements must be met for natural selection to take place: reproduction, inheritance, variety in physical traits, and variation in the number of children produced by each person.
Reproduction:
A population must procreate to produce a new generation in order for natural selection to affect it. Over many generations, people who have the characteristics that are most compatible with their environment tend to breed more than people who don't.
Heredity:
Since the genes of the parents combine to form the DNA of their offspring, heredity and reproduction go hand in hand. Natural selection must operate if parents with favourable qualities pass those traits on to their kids.
Variation in Characteristics:
Only when individuals within a community differ in their personal features can natural selection take place. For instance, different people must have varied colors in order to research natural selection on color within a population. There wouldn't be any traits for nature to "select" over others in the absence of variety in traits.
Fitness Variation:
Compared to its popular notion, fitness has a more technical meaning. Fitness in the context of evolution refers to an organism's capacity for maximum survival and reproduction. Natural selection cannot take place in a population unless its individuals have varying levels of fitness. Some people must have characteristics that make it easier for them to survive and procreate more frequently than others. Otherwise, natural selection cannot act to increase the number of people with advantageous features and decrease the number of people with undesirable qualities.
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When HUMAN BEINGS drown in the ocean and cannot survive, animals such as WHALE and SHARK can. Explain why.
Answer:
Because a whale and a shark are water animals and have special gills for breathing under water and humans are land animals
Explanation:
Answer:
Whales And Sharks have biological features (Gills and etc.) that give them the ability to "breathe" underwater. Humans do not.
Explanation:
Humans don't have the biological features necessary to breathe underwater (without man-made equipment)
Scientists predict that the human population will continue to increase. Which
two events are likely to occur as a result?
A. The amount of water released into streams and rivers will
increase.
B. The amount of natural space will decrease as suburban areas
increase.
C. More people will move to the cities, increasing the amount of
natural space.
D. Air pollution will increase due to increased use of fossil fuels.
Answer:
Air pollution will increase due to increased use of fossil fuels and the amount of natural space will decrease as suburban areas increase.
Saturn is close to Polaris during some years
true or false
Saturn is not close to polaris
Polaris disappears into the horizon as seen from the equator, and is not visible from the south of the equator. Finding Polaris in the Northern Hemisphere indicates that you are aware of the direction north.
What is the importance of Polaris?Directly above Earth's North Pole is the Pole Star, or Polaris. Due to its location over the North Pole, the pole star is aligned with the earth's axis. As the sole star that is stationary, it is crucial for orientation.
It makes a fairly small circle over the course of a day since it is so close to the celestial equator. As a result, Polaris is a trustworthy indicator of north, since it always remains in nearly the same location in the sky.
Therefore, it is false that Saturn is close to Polaris during some years.
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PLEASE HELP. A stovetop burner on medium reaches 95°C. Which will also receive a flow of heat directly from the burner?
A. the surrounding air
B. a burner at the same temperature
C. a pan heated to 100°C
D. hotter water inside a pan
Answer:
Option C, a pan heated to 100°C
Explanation:
The pan on the burner will be in direct contact of the heat released by burner and hence the pan will receive the direct flow of heat from the burner.
However, the water is the pan will be heated by the heat transferred from the pan to the water in it. Water will not receive heat directly from the burner.
Hence, option C is correct
Use the model here to describe the transfer of matter and flow of energy from one trophic level to another within an ecosystem. All of the following must be addressed in your response to receive full credit:
a. Discuss the transfer of biomass when one organism eats another. Use your knowledge of digestion to discuss how food is broken down and used by the consumer.
b. Explain what happens to the energy that is not transferred from one organism to another.
c. Explain why there are typically fewer organisms at the top of an energy pyramid.
d. Use specific numbers and calculations to support your explanation.
The food chain and food web are used to transfer energy. Plants, who are the primary energy providers in the ecosystem, use their chloroplasts to collect sunlight, which is then partially converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
a)
When herbivores eat (are the primary consumers of) plants as food, this energy is transferred to the primary consumers in the food chain. This energy is stored in various organic products in plants. Then, the chemical energy contained in plant products is converted into kinetic energy, degrading the energy by turning it into heat. The secondary consumers come next. Further deterioration will occur when these herbivores are consumed by secondary consumers. Finally, energy will once more be destroyed when tertiary consumers eat the carnivores. As a result, the energy flow is only in one direction i.e., unidirectional.b)
Additionally, the energy flow in a food chain adheres to the 10% law.This law states that only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, with the remaining 90% being lost during the digestion process of the organism itself.c)
There are typically fewer organisms at the top of an energy pyramid because It has the least quantity of energy, the top level of an energy pyramid has the fewest organisms. Most ecosystems only have four trophic levels because there is eventually insufficient energy to maintain further trophic levels.d)
For instance, let us assume that a plant at the producer level produces 1000 Kcal of energy.When a primary producer eats this plant, it will only get 10% of the energy produced by the plant i.e., 1000/10 = 100 Kcal. the rest 90% will be used up by the plant itself for its metabolism.Further when a secondary consumer eats the primary consumer, it will only get 10% of the energy produced by the plant i.e., 100/10 = 10 Kcal.Lastly, as the tertiary consumer eats the secondary consumer, it will only get 10/10 = 1kcal.learn more about ecosystem here: https://brainly.com/question/842527
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The process of ________ helps to ensure that a scientist’s research is original, significant, logical, and thorough.
Answer: peer review
Explanation:
hope it helped :D
which of the following was a social cost associated with the devolpment of the internal combustion engine used in most cars?
Option:
A. People were able to use their horses for new tasks.
B. New jobs were created.
C. Blacksmiths needed to gain new skills to continue working.
D. Families were able to travel farther more easily.
Answer:
Blacksmiths needed to gain new skills to continue working. Thus, the correct option is C.
What engineer Nikolaus August Otto developed?Engineer Nikolaus August Otto developed the first four-stroke internal combustion engine and established the Otto cycle, a well-known theoretical cycle that governs the operation of explosive engines.
Otto's engine outperformed the steam engine in use at the time in a number of ways. One of them is their light weight, as steam engines need large water reservoirs and fuel to burn in order to heat the water, which in this case would be charcoal or firewood. In addition to being light, the internal combustion engine consumed little fuel, even benzene. Another factor was Otto cycle internal combustion engines' power, which also outperformed steam engines in terms of size ratio.
These benefits put pressure on the automotive sector to build vehicles with this kind of technology. Blacksmiths were compelled to learn new skills in order to use this new technology.
In addition to being light, the internal combustion engine consumed little fuel, even benzene. Another reason was Otto cycle internal combustion engines' power, which also outperformed steam engines in terms of size ratio.
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________ can reduce dopamanergic activity and manic episodes.
Exercise can reduce dopamanergic activity and manic episodes.
what is it like to be a bipolar person?Bipolar Disorder, intended for Manic-Depressive Illness, is an illness that can alter mood with repeated bouts of opinion and "mania". Either of the two types of crisis can predominate in the same person and its frequency is quite variable.
In this case, to help prevent a manic episode is necessary to avoid triggers such as caffeine, alcohol or drug use, and stress, most importante is exercise.
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Aero in aerobic and anaerobic respiration stands for?
Owater.
Ohydrogen.
O carbon.
O oxygen.
How many nuclei do neutrophils have?
Neutrophils have only one nucleus with between two to five lobes present in its cells.
What is a Neutrophil?These are granulocytes and comprise of majority of the white blood cells found in the body.
They however have only one nucleus but are multi lobed in their structural composition thereby making it the most appropriate choice.
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Question 13 of 25 skin stem cells can only produce other skin cells. what does this indicate about skin stem cells?
Answer:
That they are unipotent
Why socialist government turn authoritarian
The reason why socialist governments often turn authoritarian are:
Having too much power eventually corrupts the holder. When resistance builds, they try to suppress it because they feel socialism is the best way.Why does socialism sometimes become authoritarianism?Socialist governments tend to have too much power vested in the Executive in order to properly plan the economy. As a result, they often get corrupted because their power is inhibited.
When this corruption leads to inefficiency, authoritarianism is introduced to ensure that the citizens cannot overthrow the government which wants to keep power.
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What were the two achievements of the first women’s rights convention at Seneca Falls?
The women’s rights convention at Seneca Falls was the first largest convocation of women of its kind in the United States of America.
What is the women convention?The women convention was the first largest convocation of women of its kind in the United States of America. The subject of discussion was the right of women.
The two main achievements of the convocation were;
1) The launching of the women's suffrage movement
2) The fact that women were later allowed to vote
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Development refers to the increase in size of an individual
true
false
Answer: true
Explanation: Growth refers to change in size, like weight or length. Development refers to changes in physical, social, emotional, and intellectual abilities.
Which structures are involved in creating insulin inside pancreatic cells and to liver cells
Answer:
i have no idea ....................
Answer:
I think the answer is pancreatic isletsAxial skeleton (how many bones and what?)
Axial skeleton is composed of 80 bones in the body system.
What is Axial skeleton?
These are bones which are found in the central core of the body and examples include skull, vertebrae etc.
The axial skeleton comprises of 80 bones which perform various types of functions in the body.
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Students are modeling mRNA during the process of protein synthesis. Which answer choice correctly describes the model of the mRNA strand being transcribed?
The mRNA strand is complementary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine.
What is RNA?This is referred to as ribonucleic acid with its base adenine being paired with uracil.
The mRNA strand which is known as messenger RNA is complementary to the DNA template strand and carries protein information from the DNA to cytoplasm for appropriate translation.
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During early research in nuclear energy, why were scientists surprised that the products from splitting a uranium
nucleus had less mass than the reactants?
O They expected that the large release of energy of would cause an increase in mass.
• Up to that time, only chemical changes were known to form less mass than they started with.
O All known changes always started and ended with the same amount of mass.
• Other known nuclear changes resulted in the same mass of products as reactants
Answer:
I think the answer is C. All known changes always started and ended with the same amount of mass.
Explanation:
I hope this helps!
what does the immune system protect the body against
Answer:
The immune system defends our body against invaders, such as viruses, bacteria, and foreign bodies.
Explanation:
They protect against harmful germs, parasites (such as worms), or cells (such as cancer).
