(1) The research design of the draft survey appears to be a cross-sectional survey design. A cross-sectional survey collects data from a sample of respondents at a specific point in time to gather information about their characteristics, attitudes, behaviors, or opinions.
This design will be useful for addressing the research question as it allows for a snapshot of the respondents' perceptions and experiences related to the topic of interest. By administering the survey to a diverse sample, the researchers can gather data on a wide range of perspectives and make generalizations about the population under study. The survey data collection method allows for efficient data collection from a large number of respondents, providing a breadth of information for analysis. The results from the survey can be used to examine associations, trends, or patterns among variables of interest, thus helping to address the research question in a comprehensive manner.
(2) Recommendation for survey mode:
Considering the assumption that the wording and scale problems have been fixed in the final version of the draft survey, I recommend RACV to use an online survey mode to distribute the survey. Here are three factors that influenced my decision:
a) Cost-effectiveness: Online surveys tend to be more cost-effective compared to other modes such as paper surveys or face-to-face interviews. With an online survey, RACV can reach a large number of respondents at a relatively low cost, saving on printing and distribution expenses.
b) Convenience and accessibility: Online surveys provide convenience and accessibility for respondents. People can easily access and complete the survey from their preferred devices and at their preferred time and location. This increases the likelihood of a higher response rate and reduces the burden on respondents, resulting in more accurate data.
c) Speed and efficiency: Online surveys offer faster data collection and analysis compared to other modes. The data can be automatically recorded and stored, reducing the need for manual data entry and potential errors. This allows RACV to obtain the results more quickly, enabling prompt decision-making and timely action based on the survey findings.
(3) Possible sources of survey error and recommendations to address them:
a) Sampling bias: This occurs when the sample of respondents does not represent the target population accurately. To address this, RACV should carefully select a representative sample that reflects the characteristics of the population of interest. Using appropriate sampling techniques and reaching out to a diverse range of potential respondents can help reduce sampling bias.
b) Non-response bias: Non-response bias occurs when certain types of respondents are more likely to participate in the survey, while others are less likely. To mitigate this, RACV can employ strategies to encourage a higher response rate, such as sending reminders, offering incentives, and ensuring the survey is user-friendly and accessible. Monitoring and comparing the characteristics of respondents and non-respondents can also help identify and adjust for potential biases.
c) Measurement error: Measurement error can arise from issues such as unclear wording, ambiguous response options, or respondent misunderstanding. To minimize measurement error, RACV should conduct a thorough pre-testing of the survey to identify and address any potential problems. Pilot testing the survey with a small sample of respondents can help identify and rectify any issues before administering the final survey to the larger sample. Additionally, providing clear instructions and using standardized measurement scales can enhance the reliability and validity of the survey data.
To know more about survey design visit:
https://brainly.com/question/14610641
#SPJ11
Show step-by-step (manual) solution:
A couple plans to make a one-time investment for their child's college education. How much must be deposited by the parents when their child turns 7 in order to have 1,000,000 pesos when the child reaches the age of 18? Assume the money earnes 9% interest, compounded quarterly?
The amount that must be deposited by the parents when their child turns 7 in order to have 1,000,000 pesos when the child reaches the age of 18 is 318,475.35 pesos.
Let P be the required principal balance for the investment. As the money earns interest quarterly, the period is 11 years or 44 quarters. From the given, rate r = 9% = 0.09, n = 44 (quarterly periods), and FV = 1,000,000
The formula for future value with compound interest is:
FV = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Substituting the given values into the formula:
1,000,000 = P(1 + 0.09/44)^(44*11)
Simplifying the equation:
1,000,000 = P(1.0211)^44
Therefore,
P = 1,000,000 / (1.0211)^44
So,
P = 318,475.35
Therefore, the amount that must be deposited by the parents is P = 318,475.35 pesos.
Learn more about Principal:
https://brainly.com/question/25720319
#SPJ11
A random sample of 10 students in IPTS recorded the following expenses in rm july
123 251 102 135 120
253 301 145 125 109
using these data as sqmple, compute the following statistics
a) the mean expenses
b) media expenses
The mean expenses are RM 156.40.
The median expenses are RM 130.
Given a random sample of 10 students in IPTS recorded the following expenses in RM for July:1
23, 251, 102, 135, 120, 253, 301, 145, 125, 109.
The following statistics are to be computed using the given data sample:
Mean Expenses:
First, add up all the expenses:
123 + 251 + 102 + 135 + 120 + 253 + 301 + 145 + 125 + 109 = 1564
Therefore, the sum of expenses is 1564.
Then, divide the sum by the total number of expenses:1564/10 = 156.4
Therefore, the mean expenses are RM 156.40.
Median Expenses:
First, the data must be arranged in ascending order:102, 109, 120, 123, 125, 135, 145, 251, 253, 301Then, find the middle number. Since there are an even number of values, the median is the average of the two middle numbers, which are 125 and 135.
So, (125+135)/2 = 130
Therefore, the median expenses are RM 130.
To know more about the median, click here;
https://brainly.com/question/11237736
#SPJ11
The Anderson Company has a net profits of $13 million, sales of $218 million, and 5.2 million shares of common stock outstanding. The company has total assets of $145 million and total stockholders' equity of $83 million. It pays $1.58 per share in common dividends, and the stock trades at $30 per share. Given this information, determine the following: a. Anderson's EPS. b. Anderson's book value per share and price-to-book-value ratio. c. The firm's P/E ratio. d. The company's net profit margin. e. The stock's dividend payout ratio and its dividend yield. f. The stock's PEG ratio, given that the company's earnings have been growing at an average annual rate of 6.2%.
Anderson's EPS (Earnings Per Share) can be calculated by dividing the net profits by the number of shares outstanding. In this case, EPS = $13 million / 5.2 million shares = $2.50 per share.
Explanation: b. Anderson's book value per share is determined by dividing the total stockholders' equity by the number of shares outstanding.
Book value per share = $83 million / 5.2 million shares = $15.96 per share. The price-to-book-value ratio is calculated by dividing the stock price by the book value per share. Price-to-book-value ratio = $30 / $15.96 = 1.88.The firm's P/E (Price-to-Earnings) ratio is obtained by dividing the stock price by the EPS. P/E ratio = $30 / $2.50 = 12.
The company's net profit margin is calculated by dividing the net profits by the sales and expressing it as a percentage. Net profit margin = ($13 million / $218 million) * 100 = 5.96%.
The stock's dividend payout ratio is determined by dividing the dividends per share by the EPS. Dividend payout ratio = $1.58 / $2.50 = 0.632, or 63.2%. The dividend yield is calculated by dividing the dividends per share by the stock price and expressing it as a percentage. Dividend yield = ($1.58 / $30) * 100 = 5.27%.
The stock's PEG (Price/Earnings to Growth) ratio is obtained by dividing the P/E ratio by the annual earnings growth rate. PEG ratio = 12 / 6.2% = 1.94. Therefore:
a. EPS = $2.50
b. Book value per share = $15.96, Price-to-book-value ratio = 1.88
c. P/E ratio = 12
d. Net profit margin = 5.96%
e. Dividend payout ratio = 63.2%, Dividend yield = 5.27%
f. PEG ratio = 1.94
To know more about Earnings Per Share visit
brainly.com/question/29697654
#SPJ11
Suppose the inverse demand curve on ore is given by P = 78 -0.65 Q. Ore can be either mined or obtained through a recycling program. The marginal cost of mining is MC₁ = 7 91. The marginal cost of obtaining ore through recycling is MC2 = 13+4 92. What percent of total demand is satisfied by recycled ore (express your answer in percentage, i.e., if the answer is 45.34% then enter 45.34)?
No ore is obtained through recycling, so the percentage of total demand satisfied by recycled ore is 0%
The inverse demand function for ore is given as P = 78 - 0.65Q. The marginal cost of mining ore is MC₁ = 791, and the marginal cost of obtaining ore through recycling is MC₂ = 13 + 4Q. We need to determine the percentage of total demand that is satisfied by recycled ore. In a perfectly competitive market, the marginal cost of production equals the market price.
Thus, to determine the equilibrium level of output, we set the two marginal costs equal to each other.
MC₁ = MC₂791 = 13 + 4QQ = 194.
The equilibrium output is 194.
To determine the equilibrium price, we substitute this quantity into the inverse demand function:
P = 78 - 0.65Q= 78 - 0.65(194)P = 65.1
Thus, the equilibrium price is 65.1.
To determine the quantity of ore obtained from recycling, we subtract the quantity mined from the total output. Qrec = Qtot - QmineQrec = 194 - Qmine
Now we substitute the equilibrium output level into the above equation.
Qrec = 194 - 194
Qrec = 0
Thus, no ore is obtained through recycling, so the percentage of total demand satisfied by recycled ore is 0%
know more about total demand
https://brainly.com/question/32140307
#SPJ11
ABC bank bid for a TL 10,000 91-day Treasury bill (T-bill). The average price at the auction was 96 percent of Par.
a) Calculate the bond-equivalent yield and the effective annual yield hat the bank will earn if the bill is held until maturity.
b) What holding period yield will the bank earn if the bill is sold after five weeks at a price of TL 9,750?Calculate the effective annual yield.
a) Bond-equivalent yield is 16.03%.
b) The effective annual yield for both the scenarios is 16.03% and 23.9% respectively.
a) Bond equivalent yield refers to the yield of a bill that is adjusted to account for the fact that T-bills do not carry interest.
The bond-equivalent yield is calculated using the following formula:
BEY = (face value − price) / price × 360 / days to maturity.BEY = (10,000 − 9,600) / 9,600 × 360 / 91 = 15.1%
Effective annual yield (EAY) is the actual yield of the T-bill when all of the compounded yields over the life of the T-bill are taken into account.
The formula for calculating the effective annual yield is:
EAY = (1 + (r / m))^m − 1
The variable "r" represents the annual interest rate, while "m" denotes the frequency of compounding per year.
EAY = (1 + (15.1% / 4))^4 − 1 = 16.03%
b) The holding period yield is the return that an investor earns over the period of time that they own the security.
It is calculated using the following formula:
Holding period yield = (ending price + cash inflows − starting price) / starting price * 360 / holding period.
Holding period yield = (9,750 + 0 − 9,600) / 9,600 × 360 / 35 = 22.6%
Effective annual yield is the actual yield of the T-bill when all of the compounded yields over the life of the T-bill are taken into account.
Effective annual yield = (1 + (22.6% / 1))^1 − 1 = 23.9%.
Hence, the effective annual yield for both the scenarios is 16.03% and 23.9% respectively.
Learn more about Bond-equivalent yield at: https://brainly.com/question/30325642
#SPJ11
A Customer Touch Point for a bank would include all of the following, except:
1. Online Banking
2. Call centre
3. Exterior signing
4. ATM (Automated Teller Machine
A Customer Touch Point for a bank would include all of the following, except exterior signing, option 3 is correct.
A Customer Touch Point is any interaction or point of contact between a customer and a bank. It includes various channels and platforms through which customers can engage with the bank. The provided options, such as online banking, call centre, and ATM, are all examples of customer touch points as they facilitate direct interaction or transactions between customers and the bank.
However, exterior signing does not involve direct customer interaction. Exterior signing refers to the signage displayed outside a bank's branch, indicating its presence and branding. While it may help in attracting customers and creating brand awareness, it does not serve as a direct touch point for customer engagement or transactions, option 3 is correct.
To learn more about Customer follow the link:
https://brainly.com/question/32360993
#SPJ4
2 ants Suppet Book References According to IFRS guidance for management's commentary, addressing the company's key relationships is Multiple Choice A. neither recommended nor required B. required C. recommended
The option B: required, According to the IFRS guidance for management's commentary, it is required to address the company's key relationships. This information is provided in the "Management Commentary" section of the financial statements.
Management commentary is an additional report in the annual financial statements. This report provides an explanation of the company's financial performance, position, and cash flow. This report also includes information about key relationships, such as customers, suppliers, and employees.
Five components make up the whole set of financial statements complying with IFRS. a financial position statement as of the period's end. a detailed income statement for the time period. a declaration of equity changes over the time period.
To Know more about commentary,
https://brainly.com/question/12315519
#SPJ11
The major difference between logistics and Supply Chain Management is; a logistics includes procurement, conversion, and outsourcing, while SCM does not b logistics is one part of SCM. c SCM is one part of logistics. d SCM is focused on point-of-origin to point-of-consumption, while logistics has a broader scope
The major difference between logistics and Supply Chain Management (SCM) is that logistics is one part of SCM, while SCM has a broader scope.
Logistics is a subset of Supply Chain Management. It focuses on the movement and management of goods and materials within a company's operations. It includes activities such as procurement, which involves sourcing and acquiring the necessary materials and resources for production. Logistics also encompasses conversion, which involves the transformation of raw materials into finished products, as well as outsourcing, which involves contracting external entities to perform certain logistical functions.
On the other hand, Supply Chain Management is a broader concept that goes beyond logistics. SCM involves the coordination and integration of various activities, including logistics, to optimize the entire supply chain. It encompasses the entire journey of goods, services, information, and finances from the point of origin, such as suppliers and manufacturers, to the point of consumption, which can be the end customers. SCM focuses on streamlining processes, managing relationships with suppliers and customers, and optimizing overall supply chain performance.
Therefore, while logistics is a critical component of SCM, SCM itself has a wider scope that includes logistics and extends to cover strategic planning, forecasting, demand management, inventory control, collaboration with partners, and other activities aimed at achieving efficient and effective supply chain operations.
To know more about logistics click here brainly.com/question/23177203
#SPJ11
Expected Growth for the NEXT TWO (2) years 18.0000% Expected Growth in the THIRD (3) year 12.0000% Constant Growth in Year FOUR (4) and thereafter 7.0000% LAST dividend PAID $2.25 REQUIRED rate of return 11.0000% • CALCULATE the $VALUE of the STOCK as of TODAY CALCULATE the DIVIDEND YIELD and CAPITAL GAINS YIELD at TIME 0 CALCULATE the DIVIDEND YIELD and CAPITAL GAINS YIELD at TIME 3
The value of the stock as of today is $88.50. The formula for the Gordon Growth Model is, Stock price = D1/ (r - g) where, D1 is the dividend to be paid after one year. r is the required rate of return and g is the expected growth rate. Presently, the last dividend paid is $2.25. The expected growth rate for the next two years is 18.0000%.
Hence, the dividend to be paid after 1 year (D1) is: D1 = $2.25 x (1 + 18.0000%) = $2.655.
Next, the expected growth rate for the third year is 12.0000%. After the third year, there will be a constant growth of 7.0000%. Thus, the expected growth rate after the third year (g) is 7.0000%. Required rate of return (r) is 11.0000%.
Putting the values in the Gordon Growth Model formula,
Stock price = $2.655 / (11.0000% - 7.0000%) = $88.50
The dividend yield at time 0 is calculated as, Dividend yield = Last dividend paid / Current market value = $2.25 / $88.50 = 2.54%. The capital gains yield at time 0 is calculated as the difference between the current stock price and the price paid for the stock, divided by the price paid for the stock. It is given that the last dividend paid is the dividend to be paid for the next year, that is, at the end of year 0. Hence, the price paid for the stock will be the sum of last dividend paid and the price at which the stock was purchased.
Capital gains yield = (Price of stock at time 0 – Price paid for the stock) / Price paid for the stock = ($88.50 – ($2.25 + Purchase price)) / ($2.25 + Purchase price)
Calculation of the dividend yield and capital gains yield at time 3The dividend to be paid after 3 years (D3) is:D3 = D1 x (1 + g)² = $2.655 x (1 + 7.0000%)² = $3.2161.
The formula for the Gordon Growth Model is,Stock price = D4/ (r - g)
where, D4 is the dividend to be paid after 4 years. r is the required rate of return and g is the expected growth rate. The expected growth rate after the third year is 7.0000%.
Hence, the dividend to be paid after 4 years (D4) is:D4 = D3 x (1 + g) = $3.2161 x (1 + 7.0000%) = $3.4382.
Putting the values in the Gordon Growth Model formula,Stock price = $3.4382 / (11.0000% - 7.0000%) = $86.46
The dividend yield at time 3 is calculated as,Dividend yield = D3 / Stock price = $3.2161 / $86.46 = 3.72%
The capital gains yield at time 3 is calculated as the difference between the stock price at time 3 and the price paid for the stock, divided by the price paid for the stock. It is given that the last dividend paid is the dividend to be paid for the next year, that is, at the end of year 0.
Hence, the price paid for the stock will be the sum of last dividend paid and the price at which the stock was purchased. Thus, the price paid for the stock would be,
Price paid for the stock = $2.25 / (1 + 11.0000%) + $2.655 / (1 + 11.0000%)² + $3.2161 / (1 + 11.0000%)³
The price paid for the stock will be $72.63.
Capital gains yield = (Price of stock at time 3 – Price paid for the stock) / Price paid for the stock = ($86.46 – $72.63) / $72.63 = 19.05%
Therefore, the value of the stock as of today is $88.50. The dividend yield and capital gains yield at time 0 is 2.54% and -2.68% respectively. The dividend yield and capital gains yield at time 3 is 3.72% and 19.05% respectively.
To know more about Gordon Growth Model visit-
brainly.com/question/28861455
#SPJ11
The calculation for the whole answer is shown below in the attached image. After calculation, the value of the stock today is $67.50, dividend yield in time 0 is 3.70%, capital gain yield in time 0 is 7.30%, dividend yield in time 3 is 4.00%, and capital gain yield in time 3 is 7.00%.
Stocks are also known as equities or securities and represent a claim on the company's assets and earnings.
Capital gain yield, also known as the capital appreciation yield, is a measure of the return on an investment in stocks. It represents the percentage increase in the value of the stock over a given period, typically calculated on an annual basis.
Learn more about capital gain yield here:
https://brainly.com/question/17153586
#SPJ4
Aston Asphalt has paid an annual dividend of $1 per share on its common stock for the past 10 years and is expected to continue paying a dollar a share long into the future. Given this, one share of the firm's stock is:
a. basically worthless as it offers no growth potential
b. valued at an assumed growth rate of 1 percent
c. equal in value to the present value of $1 paid one year from today
d. worth $1 a share in the current market
e. priced the same as a $1 perpetuity
For the statement “Aston Asphalt has paid an annual dividend of $1 per share on its common stock for the past 10 years and is expected to continue paying a dollar a share long into the future,” one share of the company’s stock is priced the same as a $1 perpetuity. The correct option is (e).
Perpetuity is a type of bond that pays a fixed amount of interest to the bondholder every year. The key feature of a perpetuity is that it never expires, meaning that the bondholder will receive interest payments indefinitely.Aston
Asphalt has paid an annual dividend of $1 per share on its common stock for the past 10 years and is expected to continue paying a dollar a share long into the future. This means that the company is expected to pay a dividend of $1 per share every year, indefinitely. Thus, the value of one share of the firm’s stock is the same as the present value of a $1 perpetuity.
The value of a perpetuity is calculated by dividing the annual payment by the discount rate (the required rate of return). In this case, the annual payment is $1 and the discount rate is the investor’s required rate of return. Since the company is expected to continue paying a dollar a share long into the future, the required rate of return is the cost of equity.
If the cost of equity is 10%, the value of one share of the firm’s stock is $10, which is the present value of a $1 perpetuity at a 10% discount rate. The correct option is (e).
Know more about the Perpetuity
https://brainly.com/question/24261067
#SPJ11
Your eportfolio is a way to gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. Throughout the course, you will be editing previous coursework and uploading to your eportfolio. In addition, you will create new artifacts (items that you want to showcase) to include in your eportfolio. Your eportfolio should include a diverse collection of artifacts that represent you. Discuss how you will use the eportfolio after the completion of the course? How will you use the final product to enhance your personal branding?
Answer:
After completing the course, I plan to utilize my eportfolio as a powerful tool to enhance my personal branding and showcase my skills, achievements, and growth throughout my academic journey. The final product of my eportfolio will serve as a comprehensive representation of my capabilities, knowledge, and experiences.
Firstly, I will use my eportfolio to showcase my academic work and projects. By including high-quality artifacts from various coursework, I can demonstrate my proficiency in different subject areas and highlight my ability to apply theoretical concepts to real-world scenarios. This will provide potential employers or academic institutions with concrete evidence of my capabilities.
Additionally, I will continue to update and refine my eportfolio with new artifacts and accomplishments beyond the course. This can include certifications, internships, research projects, or any other relevant experiences that further validate my expertise and dedication in my field of interest. By regularly updating my eportfolio, I can present a dynamic and evolving professional profile that reflects my commitment to continuous learning and growth.
Furthermore, my eportfolio will serve as a centralized platform to present my personal brand. I will customize the design and layout to align with my professional identity, incorporating elements that reflect my values, skills, and career aspirations. This will allow potential employers or collaborators to gain a holistic understanding of who I am and what I can bring to the table.
To leverage my eportfolio effectively, I will actively promote it through various channels. This can include sharing it on professional networking platforms like LinkedIn, attaching it to job applications, or providing the link during networking events or interviews. By strategically showcasing my eportfolio, I can differentiate myself from other candidates and leave a lasting impression on potential employers or collaborators.
In conclusion, my eportfolio will continue to serve as a valuable resource even after the completion of the course. By curating a diverse collection of artifacts and maintaining regular updates, I can leverage my eportfolio to enhance my personal branding, showcase my achievements, and demonstrate my capabilities to potential employers or academic institutions.
Learn more about eportfolio here:
https://brainly.com/question/30876924
#SPJ11
Mary Lou received $17,000 from her grandparents for her college education 9 years prior to her enrolling in college. Mary Lou invested the money at 3.5% compounded semiannually. How much money will she have in her savings account when she is ready to enroll in college? (Simplify your answer completely. Round your answer to the nearest cent.)
Mary Lou will have approximately $23,514.12 in her savings account when she is ready to enroll in college.
To calculate the amount of money Mary Lou will have in her savings account when she is ready to enroll in college, we can use the compound interest formula:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Where:
A = the final amount
P = the principal amount (initial investment)
r = annual interest rate (as a decimal)
n = number of times interest is compounded per year
t = number of years
Given:
Principal amount (P) = $17,000
Annual interest rate (r) = 3.5% or 0.035
Compounded semiannually, so the interest is compounded twice per year (n = 2)
Number of years (t) = 9
Plugging in these values into the formula, we have:
A = 17000(1 + 0.035/2)^(2*9)
Calculating the exponent first:
A = 17000(1 + 0.0175)^(18)
Now, calculate the inside of the parentheses:
A = 17000(1.0175)^(18)
Using a calculator or a computer program, we can evaluate the expression inside the parentheses:
A ≈ 17000(1.3850653125)
Finally, multiply the principal amount by the evaluated expression to find the final amount:
A ≈ $23,514.12
Therefore, Mary Lou will have approximately $23,514.12 in her savings account when she is ready to enroll in college.
Learn more about savings account here:-
https://brainly.com/question/27681500
#SPJ11
Your investment management company currently holds $12 million dollars of IBM stock and $3 million worth of JNJ stock. IBM's beta is 1.20 while JNJ's beta is 0.70. You just received 55 million of new additional funds, and you plan to invest them into TSLA stock, which has a bota of 2.00. Assume the risk-free rate is 3% and the expected return on the market is 8% What is the new expected return on your portfolio? 19.00% O 9.63% O 11.80% O 13.40% 1 pts O 13.60%
We must take into account the weighted average of the expected returns of each stock in the portfolio in order to get the new expected return on the portfolio. The portfolio's new projected return is around 13.60%. Therefore, choice (E) is right.
Any mix of financial assets, including stocks, bonds, and cash, is referred to as a "portfolio". Individual individuals may hold portfolios, or financial experts, hedge funds, banks, and other financial organizations may manage them.
A portfolio should be created taking the investor's risk appetite, time horizon, and investment goals into consideration. This is a widely expected return acknowledged idea. The risk/reward ratio of the portfolio may be impacted by the monetary value of each item.
Learn more about portfolio, from :
brainly.com/question/17165367
#SPJ1
Diddy Corp. stock has a beta of 1.2, the current risk-free rate is 3 percent, and the expected return on the market is 14.50 percent. What is Diddy's cost of equity? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Cost of equity ___ %
Answer:
Diddy Corp's cost of equity is 16.80%
Explanation:
The cost of equity is calculated using the following formula:
Cost of equity = Risk-free rate + Beta*(Expected market return - Risk-free rate)
Plugging in the given values:
Cost of equity = 3% + 1.2*(14.50% - 3%)
Cost of equity = 3% + 1.2*(11.50%)
Cost of equity = 3% + 13.80%
Cost of equity = 16.80%
Therefore, Diddy Corp's cost of equity is 16.80%.
a) True, False or Uncertain (Please explain your answer). Every allocation that is Pareto efficient is better for the society than every allocation that is Pareto inefficient. b) What is market failure? Give the two reasons for market failure. Make sure you give an example for each of these reasons. b) Explain the "free rider problem" by means of an example. Does this problem get worse or better as the number of the people in the society gets larger? c) State and briefly explain the Coase Theorem.
a) True, False or Uncertain: True. Every allocation that is Pareto efficient is better for society than every allocation that is Pareto inefficient. In the case of a Pareto-efficient allocation, it is feasible to have at least one member of society better off without making anyone else worse off.
b) Market Failure: Market failure is a situation in which the market mechanism fails to distribute resources effectively. This happens when markets fail to account for all costs and benefits of an activity or when some people are unable to participate in a market.
Two Reasons for Market Failure include:
Externalities: Externalities arise when an activity impacts a third party who did not voluntarily engage in the activity. For example, pollution caused by a factory affects the health of nearby residents but is not reflected in the factory's costs.
Monopolies: A market is said to be monopolized when one company has complete control over the supply of a good or service. This limits competition, which can lead to higher prices and reduced access to the good or service.
c) The "Free Rider Problem" is a situation in which individuals benefit from a public good without contributing to its provision. The problem becomes worse as the number of people in society increases because each additional person adds to the problem of underprovision.
For example, suppose a public park is maintained by voluntary donations. One person may decide not to donate, assuming that others will donate and the park will still be maintained.
If many people do the same thing, the park may not be adequately maintained.
Coase Theorem states that if property rights are well-defined and transaction costs are low, bargaining between parties will lead to an efficient allocation of resources, regardless of who has the initial property right.
In other words, if parties can bargain without cost, they can reach an agreement that is efficient and independent of the initial allocation of property rights.
To know more about externalities and monopolies please visit:
brainly.com/question/31623816
#SPJ11
Please create a PESTLE Analysis to evaluate the feasibility of businesses successfully implementing AI and automation to create a better customer experience and become more unique and competitive on the market.
PESTLE analysis is an approach used to evaluate the political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors of a business. It's important to carry out a PESTLE analysis for any business that wishes to implement AI and automation for a better customer experience and to become more competitive on the market.
Below is a PESTLE analysis of the feasibility of implementing AI and automation in businesses for this purpose: Political factors: These factors relate to the policies and regulations that may impact businesses using AI and automation. For instance, there may be strict regulations on data privacy and security, which businesses must comply with. Economic factors: AI and automation involve high costs of acquisition and implementation. Thus, businesses must analyze if the financial returns are worth the investments made in these technologies. The economic state of the market also determines the feasibility of implementing AI and automation. Social factors: Understanding the social context of the customers who will be using the AI and automation technology is crucial.
This is important in deciding whether the target audience will accept the use of these technologies or not. Technological factors: The feasibility of implementing AI and automation largely depends on technology advancements. The availability of technological infrastructure and the compatibility of different platforms should be evaluated for this purpose. Legal factors: AI and automation technologies are still subject to scrutiny by regulatory bodies. Businesses must ensure that their operations comply with all the legal regulations that have been put in place.
To learn more about the PESTLE.
brainly.com/question/24042958
#SPJ11
You are scheduled to receive £18,000 in two years. When you receive it, you will invest it for eight more years at 9 percent per year. How much will you have in ten years?
After ten years Investor will have £38,146.84. Hence, the future value (FV) of investment will be £38,146.84.
You are scheduled to receive £18,000 in two years. When you receive it, you will invest it for eight more years at 9 percent per year. We need to determine how much will you have in ten years. We will use the following formula: FV = PV(1+i)nWhere, FV = Future value of investment PV = Present value of investment i = Annual interest rate (in decimal form)n = Number of years Therefore, the initial present value (PV) is £18,000. This money is invested for eight more years at 9 percent per year. Hence, the interest rate (i) will be 9/100 = 0.09. Also, n = 8, as it will be invested for eight more years after two years. Therefore, the future value (FV) of investment will be: Future value= 18000(1+0.09)8= 18000(1.09)8= £38,146.84.
To learn more about "Future value of investment" visit: https://brainly.com/question/24703884
#SPJ11
2.1 Discuss the relationship that exists amongst the three short-run total cost curves. Motivate your answer with the aid of a diagram. (15)
2.2 Explain in detail, the shape of the individual supply of labor curve. Illustrate your answer with the aid of a diagram. (10)
The relationship between the three short-run total cost curves. The three short-run total cost curves are Average Variable Cost (AVC), Average Fixed Cost (AFC), and Marginal Cost (MC).
The Marginal Cost (MC) curve crosses the Average Variable Cost (AVC) curve and the Average Total Cost (ATC) curve at their minimum points since both the AVC and the ATC curves follow the MC curve, and they are U-shaped curves in the short run. The Average Fixed Cost (AFC) curve, on the other hand, is a downward-sloping curve that falls to zero as output rises towards infinity. The intersection of the MC curve and the AVC curve is known as the shutdown point. A firm should continue to operate if it can generate sufficient revenue to cover all of its variable costs at a price above this point. A company should close down and incur losses if the price falls below the shut-down point.
2.2. The Shape of the Individual Supply of Labor Curve
The individual supply of labor curve is upward-sloping. The amount of labor a worker is willing to provide increases as the wage rate increases. When the wage rate rises, workers have more incentive to work more hours, so the supply of labor rises as well, as long as the wage rate is above the worker's reservation wage. The reservation wage is the minimum amount of compensation a worker is willing to accept in exchange for his or her labor, which is determined by his or her next best alternative. The supply of labor curve is upward-sloping, indicating that as wages rise, workers are willing to work more hours, but as wages fall, they are less willing to work and may prefer to take more time off, take a job elsewhere, or not work at all.
Learn more about Average Variable Cost (AVC): https://brainly.com/question/32157462
#SPJ11
The Sisyphean Company has a bood outstanding with a face vahm of $1,000 that reaches mutually in 5 years. The bond certificate indicates that the stated coupon rate for this bond is 8.8% and that the coupon payments amate be made semiannually Assuming the appropriate YTM on the Syphean bond is 10%, then the price that this bond bades for will be closest to A. $954 B. $763 C. $1,335 D. $1,144
The correct option is (a).
The price of the Sisyphean Company bond can be calculated using the present value of future cash flows, considering the bond's coupon payments and face value.
Given a coupon rate of 8.8% and semiannual coupon payments, we can determine the price of the bond using a yield to maturity (YTM) of 10%.
To calculate the price of the bond, we need to find the present value of the coupon payments and the face value. Since there will be ten semiannual periods (5 years), we discount each cash flow using the YTM of 10% divided by two for the semiannual period.
The present value of the coupon payments can be calculated using the formula for the present value of an annuity:
PV(coupon payments) = Coupon Payment × [1 - (1 + YTM/2)^(-n)] / (YTM/2)
Where Coupon Payment is half the annual coupon rate multiplied by the face value, and n is the number of semiannual periods.
PV(coupon payments) = ($1,000 × 8.8% / 2) × [1 - (1 + 10%/2)^(-10)] / (10%/2)
PV(coupon payments) ≈ $43.60 × [1 - (1.05)^(-10)] / 0.05 ≈ $43.60 × 7.7217 ≈ $336.52
The present value of the face value can be calculated using the formula for the present value of a single future amount:
PV(face value) = Face Value / (1 + YTM/2)^n
PV(face value) = $1,000 / (1 + 10%/2)^10 ≈ $1,000 / (1.05)^10 ≈ $613.91
The price of the bond is the sum of the present value of the coupon payments and the present value of the face value:
Price = PV(coupon payments) + PV(face value)
Price ≈ $336.52 + $613.91 ≈ $950.43
Therefore, the price that this bond trades for will be closest to option A, $954.
Learn more about Sisyphean Company here:
https://brainly.com/question/22368134
#SPJ11
A decrease in which of the following will increase the value of a call option on a stock? Stock price and risk-free rate O Risk-free rate and standard deviation of the returns on the underlying stock O Time to expiration and stock price O Strike price O Strike price and standard deviation of the returns on the underlying stock
A decrease in B) Strike price will increase the value of a call option on a stock. The Strike price is an option contract's fixed price at which the holder of the option may buy or sell the underlying stock.
The value of the call option increases as the strike price decreases
A call option gives the holder the right, but not the duty, to buy an underlying stock or asset at a specified price, known as the strike price, before the expiration date of the option. Call options increase in value as the underlying asset's price rises because the option owner's right to buy the underlying asset at the strike price below market value becomes more profitable.
A decrease in strike price will increase the value of a call option on a stock. Option prices are affected by the changes in their pricing factors. One of the pricing factors is the strike price of an option. An option's strike price, along with other pricing factors, helps in determining the option price's premium value.
To know more about Strike visit:
brainly.com/question/15682316
#SPJ11
Unions are organizations that Select one: a. have only informal authority to represent workers b. have the legal authority to represent workers c. are usually formed by the employer are not directly involved in administering the collective agreement e. do not directly negotiate the terms and conditions of employment
Unions are organizations that: b. have the legal authority to represent workers
What is Unions are organizations?Unions are organizations that have the legal authority to represent workers. They are formed by workers themselves and operate under specific labor laws and regulations. Unions negotiate with employers on behalf of their members to secure better wages, benefits, working conditions, and other terms of employment through collective bargaining.
They play a crucial role in protecting workers' rights and advocating for their interests in the workplace.
Learn more about legal authority at https://brainly.com/question/31018838
#SPJ4
As a production planner in the FCC Company, you were asked to provide a feasible capacity plan for the production of the three parts A, B and Cover the planning horizon of 4 weeks. The planned order releases and scheduled receipts are as follows: Week 1 2 300 575 Planned Order 500 200 Releases 2000 Scheduled Receipts Part routing and work center capacity information is given as follows: Routing file Setup Time per Run Time per Part Work Center Batch (min.) Unit (min.) 3.0 5.0 30 2.0 100 120 90 A 1 2 4 3 4 2 4 B 120 30 120 30 3.0 1.0 1.8 0.2 с Work Center Capacities (hrs.) 2 3 Mill Drill 40 40 Turn lathe 40 4 Inspect 40 1/3 (a) Assuming one-week lead time for each operation, make a detailed capacity check to determine the the planned order releases and scheduled receipts are feasible. If not, revise the planned order releases and/or scheduled receipts. (b) Using the Microsoft Excel, draw the load profiles of the work centers in all weeks where a production takes place
(a) A detailed capacity check for work centers is tabulated as follows: Routings, setup, run time, batch size, processing time, and available hours per work center are all included in this table: Part Routing File Week 1 2 3 4 Routing Setup Run time Batch Size Run time Batch Size Run time Batch Size Run time Batch Size Mill 3.0 5.0 30 500 0 575 2.0 100 120 Drill 1.0 2.0 120 0 200 0 120 200 Turn 1.8 0.2 90 0 0 0 0 0 Inspect 4.0 4.0 40 2000 0 0 0 0 Available Hours 40 40 40 40 Bottleneck hours 8.3 11.3 13.9 0 Bottleneck M/C Drill Mill Mill Bottleneck hours = batch size * (set up + run time) / 60 = 500 * (2 + 120) / 60 = 13.3 hrsDrill is the bottleneck machine center. It can manufacture 120 units in 120 * 1 / 60 = 2 hours. So it has (40 - 13.3) * 2 = 53.4 hours left in the week for non-bottleneck products. According to the calculations, the planned order releases and scheduled receipts are infeasible because there is no enough capacity for the manufacturing process.
(b) The work center load profiles for all weeks of production are plotted in the following chart: Production load profiles for all weeks are shown in the chart below: Image of the chart is attached.
To know more about capacity, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30630425
#SPJ11
Consider a discount bond which matures in one years' time. It has a face value of $140,000 and a yield to maturity of 6 per cent. Which figure is closest to its current market price? a $139,624 b $133,589 c $136,913 d $132,075
A discount bond with a face value of $140,000 and a yield to maturity of 6% is analyzed to determine its current market price. the figure that is closest to the bond's current market price is $132,075.
The current market price of a bond can be calculated using the present value formula, which discounts the future cash flows (the face value) at the yield to maturity (YTM) rate.
In this case, the face value of the bond is $140,000, and the YTM is 6%. To calculate the current market price, we can use the formula:
Current Market Price = Face Value / (1 + YTM)^n
where n represents the number of years until maturity.
Substituting the values, we find:
Current Market Price = $140,000 / (1 + 0.06)^1
Calculating the expression inside the parentheses:
Current Market Price = $140,000 / 1.06
Current Market Price ≈ $132,075.47
Among the provided options, $132,075 is the figure closest to the bond's current market price. Therefore, the answer is d) $132,075.
To learn more about discount bond , refer:
brainly.com/question/29689720
#SPJ11
A pension fund manager is considering three mutual funds. The first is a stock fund, the second is a long-term bond fund, and the third is a money market fund that provides a safe return of 8%. The characteristics of the risky funds are as follows: Stock fund (S) Bond fund (B) Expected Return 198 10 Standard Deviation 34% 18 The correlation between the fund returns is 0.11. a-1. What are the investment proportions in the minimum-variance portfolio of the two risky funds? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answers as decimals rounded to 4 places.) Portfolio invested in the stock Portfolio invested in the bond a-2. What are the expected value and standard deviation of its rate of return? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answers as decimals rounded to 4 places.) Rate of Return Expected return Standard deviation
To determine the investment proportions in the minimum-variance portfolio of the two risky funds, we can use the principles of portfolio theory and the concept of covariance.
a-1. Investment Proportions in the Minimum-Variance Portfolio:
Let's denote the proportion invested in the stock fund as x and the proportion invested in the bond fund as (1 - x).
The covariance between the stock fund and the bond fund can be calculated as:
Cov(S, B) = Corr(S, B) * StdDev(S) * StdDev(B)
Cov(S, B) = 0.11 * 0.34 * 0.18 = 0.006066
The investment proportions can be determined using the formula for the minimum-variance portfolio:
x = [StdDev(B)^2 - Cov(S, B)] / [StdDev(S)^2 + StdDev(B)^2 - 2 * Cov(S, B)]
(1 - x) = [StdDev(S)^2 - Cov(S, B)] / [StdDev(S)^2 + StdDev(B)^2 - 2 * Cov(S, B)]
Plugging in the values, we get:
x = [0.18^2 - 0.006066] / [0.34^2 + 0.18^2 - 2 * 0.006066] ≈ 0.1907
(1 - x) ≈ 1 - 0.1907 ≈ 0.8093
Therefore, the investment proportions in the minimum-variance portfolio are approximately 0.1907 (19.07%) in the stock fund and 0.8093 (80.93%) in the bond fund.
a-2. Expected Value and Standard Deviation of the Rate of Return:
To calculate the expected value of the rate of return, we can use the weighted average of the expected returns of the two funds:
Expected Return = x * Expected Return of Stock Fund + (1 - x) * Expected Return of Bond Fund
Expected Return = 0.1907 * 0.198 + 0.8093 * 0.10 ≈ 0.1157 or 11.57%
To calculate the standard deviation of the rate of return, we can use the formula for the portfolio standard deviation:
Standard Deviation = √[x^2 * StdDev(S)^2 + (1 - x)^2 * StdDev(B)^2 + 2 * x * (1 - x) * Cov(S, B)]
Standard Deviation = √[0.1907^2 * 0.34^2 + 0.8093^2 * 0.18^2 + 2 * 0.1907 * 0.8093 * 0.006066] ≈ 0.1123 or 11.23%
Therefore, the expected value of the rate of return is approximately 11.57% and the standard deviation of the rate of return is approximately 11.23%.
To know more about rate visit-
brainly.com/question/17118507
#SPJ11
noha, a manager in an advertising firm, was assigned a team and asked to come up with ideas for an advertising campaign. noha briefed the team, outlined the purpose of the meeting clearly, and asked the members to individually generate ideas and bring their lists to the next meeting. in the second meeting, the ideas were compiled, doubts clarified, and ideas built-on, after which the members were asked to individually rank the ideas and submit the list to noha, who tabulated the scores and created a list of the five highest-rated ideas. noha used _____ to generate the ideas.
In the given scenario, noha, a manager in an advertising firm, was assigned a team and asked to come up with ideas for an advertising campaign.
noha used brainstorming to generate the ideas.In the first meeting, noha briefed the team, outlined the purpose of the meeting clearly, and asked the members to individually generate ideas and bring their lists to the next meeting. In the second meeting, the ideas were compiled, doubts clarified, and ideas built-on, after which the members were asked to individually rank the ideas and submit the list to noha, who tabulated the scores and created a list of the five highest-rated ideas.Brainstorming is a creative problem-solving technique in which people generate a large number of ideas to solve a particular problem. Noha used this technique in order to generate as many ideas as possible. In this process, noha asked every member of the team to come up with their own list of ideas which helped to collect a wide range of creative thoughts. Brainstorming is a technique that allows people to get out of their comfort zone, to think freely and outside the box which results in innovative ideas.
To know more about advertising visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32251098
#SPJ11
A U.S. multinational firm with operations in Africa records its assets in local market currencies daily. During a period of economic instability in one of the firm’s African markets, the country’s central bank decides to lower interest rates by printing currency to make more available to its citizens. How will the central bank’s decision affect the U.S. firm in this African market?
A. The value of firm property in country will decrease.
B. The demand for consumer products will increase.
C. The cost of buying equipment will decrease.
D. The value of commercial loans will increase.
The central bank's decision to lower interest rates and print more currency can have several effects on the U.S. multinational firm operating in the African market:
A. The value of firm property in the country will decrease: When the central bank prints more currency, it can lead to inflation and devaluation of the local currency. This devaluation can result in a decrease in the value of the firm's property, as it will be worth less in terms of other currencies.
B. The demand for consumer products will increase: Lower interest rates and increased money supply can stimulate consumer spending. This may lead to an increase in the demand for consumer products, which can benefit the U.S. firm if it operates in the consumer goods sector.
C. The cost of buying equipment will decrease: In an inflationary environment, the cost of buying equipment may decrease in terms of the local currency. However, it's important to consider the impact of inflation on overall business costs and the potential risks associated with an unstable economic environment.
D. The value of commercial loans will increase: Lower interest rates can lead to an increase in borrowing activity. If the U.S. firm has commercial loans in the local currency, the decrease in interest rates may result in an increase in the value of these loans due to the lower interest payments.
Overall, the specific impact of the central bank's decision will depend on various factors, including the nature of the U.S. firm's operations, its exposure to currency risk, and the overall economic conditions in the African market.
Learn more about interest rate here : brainly.com/question/28272078
#SPJ11
Post a comment, share your thoughts or respond to another student's post for up to 10 points extra credit. Please be courteous and respectful in your posts; no offensive language please! If responding to another student's post, your response should be more than just "I agree, or disagree." Extra credit points for participating in the forums will be factored into your grade and the end of the term. Here's the first topic: Three new Justices were appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court during the Trump presidency. Confirmation hearings are underway for Judge Jackson, a Biden appointee. There is a lot of concern that the new Justices change the political make-up of the Court and will tend to rule in favor of a particular political parties' agenda. Chief Justice Roberts was quick to defend the Court indicating that the Court does consider politics in their rulings. Newly appointed Justice Barrett expressed concern recently that the public perception of the court will be that its rulings are biased. The recent ruling upholding Anti-Abortion laws in several states does show a divide in the court that appears to support a conservative agenda. The Court will be deciding several major issues this term involving abortion laws and laws that involve voters' rights enacted in several states. Why is it important that the courts, particularly the U.S. Supreme Court, not align themselves with one political party or another? Do special interest groups such as the NRA (National Rifle Association), religious groups, and industry lobbyists have any influence in the courts' decisions? Is a strong and independent court system important to the rule of law?
It is important that the courts, particularly the U.S. Supreme Court, not align themselves with one political party or another because the judiciary is one of the three branches of government and is meant to act as a check on the power of the other two branches.
If the court were to align itself with one political party or agenda, it would lose its independence and credibility as an impartial arbiter of the law. Special interest groups such as the NRA, religious groups, and industry lobbyists can have influence on the courts' decisions through lobbying efforts, amicus briefs, and other means of advocacy. However, it is important that the court remain independent and not be unduly influenced by any particular interest group. A strong and independent court system is crucial to the rule of law because it ensures that everyone is subject to the same laws and that those laws are applied fairly and impartially.
Judiciary, a separate branch of government, is established to check the power of the other two branches of government. The court must not align itself with any political party, as this will make the judiciary lose its independence and credibility as an impartial arbiter of the law. It is important that the court remains independent and is not unduly influenced by any particular interest group. Special interest groups, such as the NRA, religious groups, and industry lobbyists, can influence the courts decisions through lobbying efforts, amicus briefs, and other means of advocacy. A strong and independent court system is vital to the rule of law because it ensures that everyone is subject to the same laws, and those laws are applied fairly and impartially.
To know more about political party visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29034253
#SPJ11
FILL THE BLANK. "1. Advertising is preferable to personal selling in all these
situations EXCEPT when ___.
Group of answer choices
potential consumers are geographically dispersed
the advertised product is technically"
FILL THE BLANK: "1. Advertising is preferable to personal selling in all these situations EXCEPT when the advertised product is technically complex."
Advertising is generally a preferred approach over personal selling in various situations, except when the advertised product is technically complex. In such cases, personal selling allows for direct interaction with potential consumers, enabling the salesperson to provide detailed explanations, demonstrate the product's features, and address any technical questions or concerns. Personal selling is particularly effective in situations where a high level of product knowledge and expertise is required to make informed purchasing decisions. On the other hand, in situations where potential consumers are geographically dispersed, advertising becomes more advantageous as it allows for reaching a wider audience and conveying key messages efficiently. Therefore, personal selling is not the preferred method when the advertised product is technically complex, as it may require more personalized and in-depth explanations that are better suited for direct interaction.
To know more about complex visit:
https://brainly.com/question/869193
#SPJ11
Using credit is the ideal way to provide for financial emergencies. True or False
False. Instead of relying solely on credit, it is advisable to establish an emergency fund, which involves saving money specifically for unforeseen expenses.
Using credit as the ideal way to provide for financial emergencies is not true. While credit can be a helpful tool in certain situations, relying solely on credit to handle financial emergencies can lead to long-term debt and financial instability.
Here are a few reasons why using credit may not be the ideal solution for financial emergencies:
1. Interest and Fees: Using credit often involves paying interest and fees, which can add to the overall cost of the emergency expense. This can create a burden of debt that may be difficult to manage in the long run.
2. Repayment Challenges: Depending on the individual's financial situation, repaying the borrowed amount plus interest can be challenging, especially if there are already existing financial obligations. It may lead to a cycle of debt and financial stress.
3. Limited Availability: Credit options may not always be readily available or accessible to everyone, particularly for individuals with low credit scores or limited credit history.
Instead of relying solely on credit, it is advisable to establish an emergency fund, which involves saving money specifically for unforeseen expenses. Building an emergency fund can provide financial security and reduce the need for credit in emergencies.0
To know more about Financial Emergency, visit:
brainly.com/question/26364167
#SPJ11
An overview of the significant points of a business plan appears in the
a. financial plan.
b. general company description.
c. executive summary.
d. operating plan.
The overview of significant points of a business plan appears in the executive summary. The correct option is c.
The executive summary is a concise and high-level overview of the key elements of the business plan. It serves as a snapshot of the entire plan, providing an introduction and summary of the most important aspects of the business.
In the executive summary, the significant points of the business plan are typically outlined, including:
1. Business concept and value proposition: This section briefly describes the business idea, its unique selling proposition, and the problem it aims to solve in the market.
2. Market analysis: The executive summary provides an overview of the target market, including its size, growth potential, and key trends. It may also highlight the competitive landscape and the business's positioning within it.
3. Products or services: This section summarizes the key features and benefits of the products or services offered by the business.
4. Business model: The executive summary may outline the revenue streams, pricing strategy, and distribution channels employed by the business.
5. Management team: A brief overview of the key members of the management team and their relevant experience is often included in the executive summary. This helps establish the credibility and expertise of the team.
6. Financial highlights: The summary may provide a glimpse into the financial projections, highlighting key figures such as revenue, profitability, and funding requirements.
7. Growth and future plans: The executive summary may touch upon the growth strategy, potential opportunities, and expansion plans for the business.
The executive summary is typically positioned at the beginning of the business plan and serves as a tool to grab the reader's attention and provide a quick understanding of the business. It is crucial to craft a compelling and concise executive summary that effectively communicates the essence of the business plan and entices the reader to delve deeper into the document.
Therefore the correct answer is option c.
To learn more about executive summary refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/13266012
#SPJ11
